12月4日（周四），印尼能源部长表示，如果发现企业在洪灾肆虐的苏门答腊岛的采矿活动中违反了相 关规定，将吊销其采矿许可证。与此同时，有关森林砍伐在加剧这场致命灾难中所起作用的质疑也愈发 强烈。 政府数据显示，飓风引发的洪水和山体滑坡已造成西苏门答腊省、北苏门答腊省和亚齐省约800人死 亡，564人失踪。 这些气旋系统还导致马来西亚和泰国近200人丧生，并且在东南亚地区此前已出现了数月的致命天气状 况，其中包括菲律宾和越南发生的致命台风。 在许可证持有者当中有PT Agincourt Resources公司，该公司在巴顿托鲁（Batang Toru）生态系统内运营 着Martabe金矿。 本周在一份声明中，该公司表示将洪水与矿场运营直接联系起来的这一结论"过于草率且不准确"。 森林砍伐监测机构Nusantara Atlas的创始人David Gaveau称，2001年至2024年间，苏门答腊岛整体森林 损失面积达到440万公顷（1,100万英亩），面积比瑞士还大。 （文华综合） 环保组织表示，与采矿和非法伐木有关的森林砍伐加剧了灾难，山体滑坡导致原本是房屋的区域变成废 墟和泥浆池。 印尼能源部长Bahlil L ...

Core Points - The European Commission's Environment Commissioner Jessica Roswall announced issues with the IT system for the implementation of the Deforestation Regulation, suggesting a second consecutive year of suspension for the law [1] - Executive Vice President Teresa Ribera emphasized the significance of the Deforestation Regulation and urged the Commission to quickly resolve the IT issues [1] - The Deforestation Regulation mandates companies to monitor their supply chains for imports of coffee, cocoa, palm oil, and beef to prevent environmental and human rights violations [1] - The law has been praised by scientists and environmental organizations as a crucial measure against global deforestation, but some industry groups and EU trade partners are lobbying to delay or weaken its requirements [1] - The Deforestation Regulation has become a key political struggle between the left-wing Social Democrats and the European People's Party (EPP) in the EU [1] - The EPP, which opposes restrictions on forest consumption, argues that such regulations impose undue burdens on businesses and farmers [1] - Trade Commissioner Sabine Weyand expressed surprise at Roswall's statement, while industry representatives voiced concerns about the uncertainty caused by the potential delay of the law [2] Industry Impact - The Deforestation Regulation is seen as a pivotal law for combating deforestation, impacting sectors reliant on commodities like coffee, cocoa, palm oil, and beef [1] - Industry representatives, including the Secretary General of the European Tire and Rubber Manufacturers Association, highlighted the potential negative effects of delaying the law on operators who are prepared to comply [2] - The ongoing political debate surrounding the Deforestation Regulation reflects broader tensions between environmental policy and industry interests within the EU [1][2]

Core Insights - The Amazon rainforest is experiencing an increase in tree size, with an average growth of 3.2% every decade, correlating with rising atmospheric CO2 levels [1][2] - The research involved over 60 universities globally and monitored 188 fixed plots in the Amazon over more than 30 years, noting a nearly 20% increase in atmospheric CO2 during this period [1] - The study highlights the significant carbon absorption capacity of large trees, confirming the resilience of the Amazon rainforest in carbon sequestration despite climate change [1] Environmental Impact - Deforestation in the Amazon has devastating effects, as large tropical trees, some hundreds of years old, cannot be replaced by newly planted trees in terms of carbon storage or biodiversity [2] - The health of giant trees is crucial for maintaining local ecosystem integrity, and ongoing deforestation poses an increasing threat to their survival [2] - Understanding how these large trees respond to climate threats and their seed dispersal mechanisms has become a critical issue [2]

Core Insights - The recent study published in the journal "Nature Communications" indicates that nearly 75% of the reduction in rainfall during the dry season in the Amazon rainforest since 1985 is attributed to deforestation [1][4][5] Group 1: Deforestation Impact - Deforestation has led to a decrease of 15.8 millimeters in rainfall each dry season, accounting for nearly 75% of the total reduction in rainfall [4] - The study found that deforestation contributes to a 2°C increase in surface temperatures, with 16.5% of this increase attributed to deforestation itself [4] - The most significant climatic impacts from deforestation occur during the initial stages when forest cover loss is between 10% and 40% [4] Group 2: Climate Change Interaction - The combined effects of greenhouse gas emissions and deforestation have altered the water, carbon, and energy cycles in the Amazon [4] - The study emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between deforestation and global climate change to develop effective mitigation and adaptation strategies [5] Group 3: Future Projections - If current deforestation rates continue, the Amazon region is projected to warm by a total of 2.64°C and experience a reduction of 28.3 millimeters in rainfall by 2035 compared to 1985 levels [4]