陈敏鹏：看天种地是我国农业几千年形成的传统。我们调研发现，有经验的农民都非常关注天气。但随着全球气候变化加剧，极端天气与气候事件愈发 频繁、强烈，影响也日益显著。这导致某些极端事件已超出区域传统认知与适应经验的范畴。 气候变化对不同农户的负面影响存在差异。传统小农户的种植经验，主要来自个人、朋友和邻里，倾向于风险规避，抗风险能力较弱。种植大户或专业农 民，一般来说经验会更丰富，获取新知识的能力和抗风险能力相对强一些，适应能力也相对更高。而大型农业公司或龙头企业，还可以通过资产配置，提升 抗风险能力。 20 49 ve 8 SCH A 2. 24 P 0 r 29 11 中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院教授 陈敏鹏 "满地秸秆拔个尽，来年少生虫和病。"霜降后，北方大部分地区已迎来秋收扫尾工作。由于2025年暑期中原地区及部分粮食主产区遭遇极端干旱和旱涝短时 交替等气象灾害，不仅给秋收造成困难，也对压茬推进秋种带来风险。 据了解，财政部10月会同农业农村部下达中央财政农业生产防灾救灾资金4.84亿元，支持河北、山西、江苏、安徽、山东、河南、陕西等7省受灾地区加快 开展农机抢收、潮粮烘干、农田排涝等农业生产防灾救灾工 ...

Core Viewpoint - Meteorological disasters are the most significant factors causing grain production reduction, and addressing climate change will be a constant in future agricultural production [1][4] Group 1: Agricultural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation - Continuous emphasis on agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation is essential, establishing multiple defenses for pre-disaster prevention, emergency response during disasters, and post-disaster compensation [1][2] - The recent continuous rainy weather in the Huanghuai region poses challenges for timely harvesting and drying of autumn grain and sowing of winter wheat [1][2] Group 2: Current Agricultural Production Status - Despite challenges from droughts and floods, the country has achieved stable summer grain production and increased early rice output, with autumn grain growth currently favorable [2] - The importance of effective disaster response during the critical harvesting period is highlighted, with efforts to modify harvesting machinery to adapt to wet conditions [2] Group 3: Post-Disaster Compensation and Insurance - Agricultural insurance plays a crucial role in post-disaster recovery, with the efficiency of claims affecting farmers' production funds and national food security [3] - Current challenges in claim processing in rain-affected areas include difficulties in damage assessment, necessitating a focus on timely and efficient claims processing [3] Group 4: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies - Adapting to climate change is essential for future agricultural practices, with a need for dynamic assessment of agricultural climate resources and adjustments in planting structures [4] - Improving agricultural infrastructure remains a priority, requiring increased diversified investment to address existing shortcomings in facilities and services [4]