目前，"雪龙2"号船正在返回国内，此前，中国第41次南极考察队在罗斯海进行了首次秋冬航次的探索之旅。 在南极，万物有灵。最常见也最寒冷的冰，也能讲述一万年的故事，科考队员就针对海冰进行了专项研究。 总台央视记者 王楠：这里是"雪龙2"号极地科考破冰船。今年3月下旬，我们在新西兰完成补给后，重新返回南极的罗斯海区域。一路从北向南，随着温度 变化，我们看到了海面上不同样态的海冰，当我们抵达南纬75度附近的罗斯海特拉诺瓦湾时，放眼望去只有茫茫冰原。虽然说都是海冰，但是海冰中也包含 了不少神奇的"密码"。 中国第41次南极考察队南极罗斯海联合航次队员 史久新：秋季航次，我们从北面往南走，能经历海冰整个形成的过程，这个机会在以前的南极考察中是很 难遇到的。这是更早期的了，它像一些絮状的冰晶，很多的冰晶浮到海面上以后，上面这一部分应该就是脂状冰。这就是尼罗冰，这种情况其实是很少见 的。这是那种比较标准的莲叶冰，形状有点像新疆的馕。它的边缘因为互相碰撞，碎了以后会变厚。南极其实是以一年冰为主，北极它是以多年冰为主。 在南极罗斯海联合航次中，无论是在海洋化学，还是在生态等方面，队员们都有不少的新发现。 中国第41次南极考察队 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the first autumn-winter joint scientific expedition in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, focusing on the deployment of various types of buoys to study the interactions between sea ice, ocean currents, and waves. Group 1: Scientific Objectives - The buoys deployed are designed to measure the acceleration and movement of ice, as well as the relationship between ice and waves, with the aim of studying the atmospheric and oceanic processes affecting ice formation throughout the winter [3][5]. - The new type of lotus leaf ice buoy is being deployed for the first time, intended to collect data on the different stages of ice development throughout the season, particularly during the ice growth season [10]. Group 2: Types of Buoys Deployed - Five types of buoys are being deployed, including surface drift buoys, ice-drifting buoys, and wave-ice buoys, which will monitor surface water flow rates, ice movement, and interactions with waves [12][14]. - The lotus leaf ice buoy will provide positional information and will be tracked via satellite to understand the dynamics of ice development [10]. Group 3: Environmental Impact - Sea ice plays a crucial role in the Earth's energy balance by reflecting solar radiation back into space, which helps mitigate warming in polar regions [14]. - Sea ice acts as a natural barrier between the atmosphere and ocean, regulating heat exchange and influencing ocean circulation and the global climate system [14].