获取高完整度的北极深海样品 "蛟龙"号在北冰洋开展载人深潜科考作业，既是中国第15次北冰洋科学考察的一部分，也是中国大洋92 航次第一航段任务的主要内容。 国家深海基地管理中心副主任许学伟表示，"深海一号"在"雪龙2"号极地科考破冰船保障下，"蛟 龙"号、ROV（无人遥控潜水器）在北极共完成10余次下潜调查，探索形成了极地密集冰区"两船一潜 器"、少冰区"一船两潜器"的作业模式，深海进入和深海探测能力持续增强。 "'蛟龙'号采集了大量的岩石、沉积物和海水样品，获得了海蛇尾、海葵、海鞘、海蜘蛛等生物样 品。"国家深海基地管理中心助理研究员李梦娜说，"蛟龙"号载人深潜获取的高完整度的生物样品，既 丰富了我国极地标本资源共享平台，也有利于后续形态鉴定和科学研究。 0:00 "蛟龙"号载人潜水器日前在北极顺利完成10余次载人深潜，看到了一个丰富多样的海底动物世界，采集 了高完整度的深海生物样品。同时，创新开展北极深海生物调查，探索了深海生物多样性调查和研究的 新方式。 "蛟龙"号载人潜水器在北极冰区下潜。新华社记者刘诗平 摄 深潜海域生物多样性较高 "蛟龙"号载人潜水器拍摄的深海生物——鳐鱼。（国家深海基地管理中心供 ...

在国家重点研发计划项目支持下，"蛟龙"号开展升级改造。本航次是"蛟龙"号完成国产化升级改造、继南海海试之后正式进入极区作业，创新 实现冰区双船（"雪龙2"号和"深海一号"）协同作业，实现了我国首次北极冰区载人深潜、首次有人/无人潜水器极区水下协同作业，显示我国 深海进入和深海探测能力持续增强，充分体现深海科技自立自强。 "蛟龙"号在极区高纬度冰区，验证了锂电池、视像系统、捷联惯导等国产化设备在极区复杂环境中的下潜作业能力，提升了潜水器在极区作业 的自主性和安全性，为我国开展极地环境调查与前沿科学研究提供了坚实的技术支撑。 复杂环境下开展精细综合调查 记者："蛟龙"号继在太平洋、印度洋和大西洋深潜之后首次在北冰洋下潜。北冰洋纬度高、气候寒冷和多冰，下潜有哪些特殊之处？ 许学伟：在北极，"蛟龙"号面临风、浪、流、冰、雾、寒等诸多复杂作业环境，很多时候是多重环境因素叠加，尤其是在海冰密集度高的冰区 作业，要选择合适的下潜作业点，综合考虑浮冰漂浮情况，定点上浮至水面，这些都与非极地海区深潜不同。 "蛟龙"号针对极地特殊环境开展了极区适应性改造，比如加装了多波束以探测极地海面浮冰，加装了二次抛载装置以控制潜水器上浮速度 ...

Core Insights - The "Jiaolong" manned submersible successfully conducted China's first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice zone during the 92nd ocean expedition, marking a significant advancement in deep-sea exploration capabilities [1][2] - The expedition demonstrated the effectiveness of domestic upgrades to the "Jiaolong" submersible, enhancing its operational autonomy and safety in extreme polar conditions [2][3] Group 1: Mission Overview - The "Jiaolong" submersible, along with the "Shenhai Yihao," completed over 10 manned deep dives in the Arctic Ocean during the expedition, which lasted from July 15 to September 8 [2] - This mission was supported by national key research and development projects, showcasing China's growing capabilities in deep-sea exploration and technology independence [2][3] Group 2: Technical Enhancements - The "Jiaolong" underwent significant upgrades, including the installation of lithium batteries and advanced imaging systems, which were tested successfully in the Arctic's complex environment [2][3] - Modifications included the addition of multi-beam sonar for detecting ice and a secondary release device to control ascent speed, improving navigation and positioning accuracy [3] Group 3: Collaborative Operations - The mission marked the first instance of underwater collaborative operations between the "Jiaolong" and an ROV (remotely operated vehicle), enhancing sampling capabilities and operational efficiency [3] - The synergy between manned and unmanned systems is expected to improve future underwater operations and expand the scope of deep-sea research [3] Group 4: Scientific Discoveries - The expedition yielded high-quality biological samples, which are crucial for subsequent morphological identification and scientific research [4] - AI analysis of high-definition imagery revealed significant variations in benthic biodiversity and individual sizes across the surveyed Arctic regions, contributing to understanding the impacts of climate change on deep-sea ecosystems [5] - The discovery of potential historical cold spring eruptions and methane migration pathways provides valuable geological insights into the Arctic region [5]

这次北极考察统筹实施了国家重点研发计划相关任务，进一步提升了我国对北冰洋快速变化及其影 响的认识，为深入理解和有效应对全球气候变化提供了重要支撑。 9月26日，搭载着100名中国第15次北冰洋科学考察队队员的"雪龙2"号极地科考破冰船顺利返回上 海。由自然资源部组织的本次北冰洋科考，由"雪龙2"号、"极地"号、"深海一号"和"探索三号"四船共 同实施，是我国规模最大的一次北冰洋科学考察。 ——长期准实时监测浮冰漂移过程以及冰下水文和生态变化，为进一步揭示北冰洋多圈层季节性演 变及其内在机理提供支撑。 ——首次按不同水深梯度和时间尺度布放多套海底生物影像观测系统，获取了多要素、多层次、多 时空尺度的冰边缘区调查数据；多次捕捉到次表层叶绿素的极大值现象，增进了对北极"海雪"形成机制 的理解，为深入研究北极冰边缘区生态系统对海冰消退的响应奠定了基础。（记者刘诗平、魏弘毅） 其中，"雪龙2"号、"极地"号双船在楚科奇海台、加拿大海盆和北冰洋中央区域完成了海洋环境综 合考察、载人深潜保障等任务，在冰边缘区多学科综合调查、气—冰—海立体协同观测等方面取得重要 进展。 ——两船在高纬海域开展协同作业，提升了北冰洋考察同步观 ...

Core Points - The "Xuelong 2" is China's first domestically built polar research icebreaker, marking a significant advancement in the country's polar research capabilities [4] - The vessel completed its mission during China's 41st Antarctic expedition, which lasted 208 days and covered over 40,000 nautical miles [11] - The expedition's highlight was the first-ever autumn research in the Ross Sea ecosystem, extending traditional Antarctic research into harsher winter conditions [13] Group 1 - The public open day for the "Xuelong 2" attracted nearly 4,000 visitors, including approximately 2,800 individuals and 1,200 group visitors [1] - The open day event is scheduled to last for five days, allowing the public to engage with the research vessel [1] Group 2 - The expedition involved the completion of four cross-sections with a total of 24 comprehensive ocean survey stations, deployment of 34 various observation buoys, and collection of over 5,000 samples including water, sediment, biological, and sea ice samples [4][13] - The successful return of the "Xuelong 2" to Haikou signifies the completion of all research tasks set for the expedition [9][11]

Core Insights - The successful return of China's 41st Antarctic Expedition team marks a significant achievement in polar research and international collaboration [2][3] - The "Snow Dragon 2" ship completed a 208-day mission covering over 40,000 nautical miles, highlighting advancements in seasonal research capabilities [2][3] Research Findings - The expedition revealed distinct water stratification in the Ross Sea during autumn, with mixed layers up to 150 meters and unique cold water characteristics below [3] - Low-nutrient primary production was noted, but high biomass of zooplankton was found in the upper 200 meters of the ice-covered lakes, indicating ecological dynamics [3] - Dense populations of Antarctic krill and various bird and mammal species were observed, contributing to the understanding of the region's biodiversity [3] International Collaboration - The expedition involved collaboration with scientists from eight countries, enhancing global understanding and protection of polar regions [3] - The mission represents the longest single-ship operation in China's polar research history, fostering international scientific cooperation [3] Public Engagement - The "Snow Dragon 2" will be open to the public for five days, allowing visitors to explore various sections of the ship and learn about polar research [4][5] - The public event is organized by multiple governmental bodies, emphasizing the importance of community engagement in scientific endeavors [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese 41st Antarctic Expedition Team has successfully conducted its first autumn-winter voyage in the Ross Sea, focusing on ice research and yielding preliminary findings in marine biology and chemistry [1][7][17]. Group 1: Expedition Overview - The "Snow Dragon 2" icebreaker returned to China after completing its mission in the Ross Sea, where the team explored various forms of sea ice and their significance [1][2]. - The expedition provided a rare opportunity to observe the entire formation process of sea ice, which is typically difficult to encounter in previous Antarctic studies [4][6]. Group 2: Scientific Discoveries - The team conducted research across 24 selected stations, exceeding the initial plan of 18, covering shallow areas, ice-interstitial lakes, and rich krill resource zones [8][15]. - Significant findings include a decrease in the biomass of certain marine species, particularly the absence of brown algae and a decline in diatom populations, indicating potential ecological shifts [10][12]. - The discovery of a large number of zooplankton in deep water layers suggests changes in their distribution due to deep convection processes [12][13]. Group 3: Implications and Contributions - The expedition not only advanced scientific knowledge but also improved operational processes for Antarctic autumn oceanic work, enhancing the capabilities of the research team [15][17]. - The results contribute to a better understanding of the Antarctic ecosystem and fill gaps in field observations and experiments, aiding in the global understanding of climate change impacts [17].