"泰国共有17名科学家参与中国极地科考，5人曾乘坐中国科考船。我非常荣幸能有机会乘坐'雪龙2'号 极地科考破冰船参与科考任务，并成功抵达北纬90度。"泰国朱拉隆功大学水资源研究所高级研究员阿 努帕·帕尼鹏说，"希望更多泰国科学家登上中国科考船，为极地科学考察国际合作作出贡献。" "雪龙2"号极地科考破冰船日前在泰国进行了为期5天的访问和公众开放活动，这是中国极地科考船首次 到访泰国。泰国公主诗琳通、泰国科研人员等登船参观，中泰联合举办学术会议、科普展览，向公众传 播极地知识与生态保护理念，增进了泰国民众对极地科学知识的了解。 近年来，中泰两国在海洋与极地领域合作成果显著，共建中泰气候与海洋生态系统联合实验室、诗琳通 公主南极联合实验室，通过联合航次、合作研究、能力建设等多种方式，成功实施了9个海洋领域旗舰 合作项目，促成多名泰国科学家随中国考察队前往南北极。"泰中在极地环境变化和全球影响、大气科 学、海洋学研究等领域开展合作，参与极地科考，将拓宽泰国科学家对极地系统和跨学科科学的认 知。"阿努帕说。 《 人民日报 》（ 2025年10月22日 03 版） (责编：杨光宇、胡永秋) 2023年7月12日至9月2 ...

Core Insights - The "Jiaolong" manned submersible successfully completed over 10 deep dives in the Arctic, collecting high-quality deep-sea biological samples and exploring new methods for deep-sea biodiversity research [2][4][5] Group 1: Mission Overview - The Arctic mission is part of China's 15th Arctic Ocean scientific expedition and the primary task of the first segment of the 92nd ocean voyage [4] - The mission utilized a collaborative operation model involving the "Jiaolong" submersible and ROVs (remotely operated vehicles) under the support of the "Xuelong 2" icebreaker [5] Group 2: Sample Collection and Findings - The "Jiaolong" submersible collected a variety of samples, including rocks, sediments, and seawater, as well as biological samples such as sea cucumbers, sea anemones, and sea spiders [6] - The high-quality biological samples collected contribute to China's polar specimen resource sharing platform and facilitate future morphological identification and scientific research [6] Group 3: Biodiversity Insights - The Arctic deep-sea environment exhibited unique characteristics, with a high density of benthic organisms, smaller individual sizes, and greater biodiversity compared to the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans [10] - The investigation revealed significant spatial differences in benthic biological density and community composition across different geological environments [12] Group 4: Technological Innovations - A notable innovation in this Arctic biological survey was the implementation of AI-based identification technology for in-situ detection of deep-sea organisms, enhancing traditional survey methods [12] - The mission also marked the first underwater collaborative operation between a manned submersible and an unmanned submersible, capturing valuable video footage of deep-sea life [12]

Core Insights - The "Jiaolong" manned submersible successfully conducted China's first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice zone during the 92nd ocean expedition, marking a significant advancement in deep-sea exploration capabilities [1][2] Group 1: Performance and Upgrades - The "Jiaolong" submersible completed over 10 manned deep dives in the Arctic Ocean during the expedition, showcasing its enhanced capabilities after domestic upgrades [2] - The upgrades included the validation of domestic equipment such as lithium batteries and imaging systems, improving the submersible's autonomy and safety in extreme environments [2][3] Group 2: Operational Challenges - The Arctic environment presents unique challenges such as wind, waves, currents, ice, fog, and cold, requiring careful selection of dive points and navigation strategies [3] - Modifications for Arctic operations included the installation of multi-beam sonar for ice detection and a secondary release device to control ascent speed, enhancing underwater navigation and positioning accuracy [3] Group 3: Collaborative Operations - The expedition marked the first instance of underwater collaborative operations between the "Jiaolong" submersible and an ROV (remotely operated vehicle), demonstrating the effectiveness of combined operations [5][6] - This collaboration allowed for improved decision-making and sampling capabilities, achieving greater operational efficiency [5] Group 4: Scientific Discoveries - The deep dives yielded high-quality biological samples, facilitating better identification and scientific research compared to traditional sampling methods [8] - Initial findings indicated significant variations in benthic organism density and biodiversity across the Arctic seabed, contributing to understanding the impacts of climate change on deep-sea ecosystems [8][9] - The investigation also revealed geological features suggesting historical cold seep activity, providing critical information for methane migration studies in the Arctic [8]

Core Insights - The "Jiaolong" manned submersible successfully conducted China's first manned deep dive in the Arctic ice zone during the 92nd ocean expedition, marking a significant advancement in deep-sea exploration capabilities [1][2] - The expedition demonstrated the effectiveness of domestic upgrades to the "Jiaolong" submersible, enhancing its operational autonomy and safety in extreme polar conditions [2][3] Group 1: Mission Overview - The "Jiaolong" submersible, along with the "Shenhai Yihao," completed over 10 manned deep dives in the Arctic Ocean during the expedition, which lasted from July 15 to September 8 [2] - This mission was supported by national key research and development projects, showcasing China's growing capabilities in deep-sea exploration and technology independence [2][3] Group 2: Technical Enhancements - The "Jiaolong" underwent significant upgrades, including the installation of lithium batteries and advanced imaging systems, which were tested successfully in the Arctic's complex environment [2][3] - Modifications included the addition of multi-beam sonar for detecting ice and a secondary release device to control ascent speed, improving navigation and positioning accuracy [3] Group 3: Collaborative Operations - The mission marked the first instance of underwater collaborative operations between the "Jiaolong" and an ROV (remotely operated vehicle), enhancing sampling capabilities and operational efficiency [3] - The synergy between manned and unmanned systems is expected to improve future underwater operations and expand the scope of deep-sea research [3] Group 4: Scientific Discoveries - The expedition yielded high-quality biological samples, which are crucial for subsequent morphological identification and scientific research [4] - AI analysis of high-definition imagery revealed significant variations in benthic biodiversity and individual sizes across the surveyed Arctic regions, contributing to understanding the impacts of climate change on deep-sea ecosystems [5] - The discovery of potential historical cold spring eruptions and methane migration pathways provides valuable geological insights into the Arctic region [5]

Core Insights - The "Xuelong 2" polar research icebreaker successfully returned to Shanghai, marking China's largest Arctic scientific expedition with 100 members from the 15th Arctic Scientific Expedition Team [1] - The expedition aimed to enhance understanding of the rapidly changing Arctic and its impacts, providing crucial support for addressing global climate change [1] Group 1: Expedition Overview - The Arctic expedition was organized by the Ministry of Natural Resources and involved four vessels: "Xuelong 2," "Jidi," "Deep Sea One," and "Exploration Three" [1] - Significant progress was made in multi-disciplinary investigations and observations in the Arctic, particularly in the Chukchi Sea, Canadian Basin, and central Arctic region [1] Group 2: Research Achievements - Collaborative operations between "Xuelong 2" and "Jidi" improved synchronous observation capabilities in the Arctic, filling data gaps in high-latitude marine areas [1] - Long-term real-time monitoring of ice drift and underwater hydrological and ecological changes supports the understanding of seasonal evolution and underlying mechanisms in the Arctic [1] Group 3: Ecological Insights - The deployment of multiple underwater biological imaging observation systems at different depths and time scales provided comprehensive data on the ice edge zone [2] - The expedition captured significant occurrences of subsurface chlorophyll maxima, enhancing understanding of the Arctic "sea-snow" formation mechanisms and laying the groundwork for studying the ecological responses of the ice edge zone to sea ice retreat [2]

Core Points - The "Xuelong 2" is China's first domestically built polar research icebreaker, marking a significant advancement in the country's polar research capabilities [4] - The vessel completed its mission during China's 41st Antarctic expedition, which lasted 208 days and covered over 40,000 nautical miles [11] - The expedition's highlight was the first-ever autumn research in the Ross Sea ecosystem, extending traditional Antarctic research into harsher winter conditions [13] Group 1 - The public open day for the "Xuelong 2" attracted nearly 4,000 visitors, including approximately 2,800 individuals and 1,200 group visitors [1] - The open day event is scheduled to last for five days, allowing the public to engage with the research vessel [1] Group 2 - The expedition involved the completion of four cross-sections with a total of 24 comprehensive ocean survey stations, deployment of 34 various observation buoys, and collection of over 5,000 samples including water, sediment, biological, and sea ice samples [4][13] - The successful return of the "Xuelong 2" to Haikou signifies the completion of all research tasks set for the expedition [9][11]

Core Insights - The successful return of China's 41st Antarctic Expedition team marks a significant achievement in polar research and international collaboration [2][3] - The "Snow Dragon 2" ship completed a 208-day mission covering over 40,000 nautical miles, highlighting advancements in seasonal research capabilities [2][3] Research Findings - The expedition revealed distinct water stratification in the Ross Sea during autumn, with mixed layers up to 150 meters and unique cold water characteristics below [3] - Low-nutrient primary production was noted, but high biomass of zooplankton was found in the upper 200 meters of the ice-covered lakes, indicating ecological dynamics [3] - Dense populations of Antarctic krill and various bird and mammal species were observed, contributing to the understanding of the region's biodiversity [3] International Collaboration - The expedition involved collaboration with scientists from eight countries, enhancing global understanding and protection of polar regions [3] - The mission represents the longest single-ship operation in China's polar research history, fostering international scientific cooperation [3] Public Engagement - The "Snow Dragon 2" will be open to the public for five days, allowing visitors to explore various sections of the ship and learn about polar research [4][5] - The public event is organized by multiple governmental bodies, emphasizing the importance of community engagement in scientific endeavors [5]

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese 41st Antarctic Expedition Team has successfully conducted its first autumn-winter voyage in the Ross Sea, focusing on ice research and yielding preliminary findings in marine biology and chemistry [1][7][17]. Group 1: Expedition Overview - The "Snow Dragon 2" icebreaker returned to China after completing its mission in the Ross Sea, where the team explored various forms of sea ice and their significance [1][2]. - The expedition provided a rare opportunity to observe the entire formation process of sea ice, which is typically difficult to encounter in previous Antarctic studies [4][6]. Group 2: Scientific Discoveries - The team conducted research across 24 selected stations, exceeding the initial plan of 18, covering shallow areas, ice-interstitial lakes, and rich krill resource zones [8][15]. - Significant findings include a decrease in the biomass of certain marine species, particularly the absence of brown algae and a decline in diatom populations, indicating potential ecological shifts [10][12]. - The discovery of a large number of zooplankton in deep water layers suggests changes in their distribution due to deep convection processes [12][13]. Group 3: Implications and Contributions - The expedition not only advanced scientific knowledge but also improved operational processes for Antarctic autumn oceanic work, enhancing the capabilities of the research team [15][17]. - The results contribute to a better understanding of the Antarctic ecosystem and fill gaps in field observations and experiments, aiding in the global understanding of climate change impacts [17].