Core Viewpoint - The keynote speech by Zhang Chaoyang focuses on understanding the solar system and its significance for humanity's future, particularly in the context of advancing AI and space technology towards a multi-planetary civilization [1][3]. Group 1: Understanding the Solar System - The solar system operates under specific laws, with Newton's laws providing a framework for understanding planetary motion [3][4]. - Zhang emphasizes that the solar system is not distant and unknown but rather a familiar home that requires understanding [3][6]. - The exploration of celestial bodies has led to significant advancements in physics, with historical figures like Tycho Brahe and Kepler contributing to our understanding of planetary motion [3][4]. Group 2: The Role of Tidal Forces - Tidal forces play a crucial role in the behavior of moons and planets, affecting their orbits and physical characteristics [6][8]. - Zhang explains how tidal forces can lead to phenomena such as the synchronous rotation of the Moon and the volcanic activity on Io, one of Jupiter's moons [8][9]. Group 3: Human Exploration of Space - The speech outlines three key stages for human exploration beyond Earth, starting with Lagrange points, which are stable locations for deploying spacecraft [9][11]. - Mars is highlighted as a potential destination for human exploration due to its similarities to Earth, with a detailed explanation of the Hohmann transfer orbit for efficient travel [9][11]. - The Voyager missions are noted as significant milestones in humanity's exploration of the outer solar system, utilizing gravitational assists to increase speed [11][12]. Group 4: Scientific Foundation for Speculation - Zhang stresses the importance of grounding speculative ideas in solid scientific principles, particularly in discussions about future space colonization [12][14]. - The audience is encouraged to engage with scientific concepts before delving into speculative scenarios, ensuring a robust understanding of physics [14][15]. Group 5: Educational Impact and Engagement - The integration of traditional teaching with new media has proven effective, with Zhang's physics classes reaching a wide audience and contributing to public knowledge [15][17]. - The emphasis on rigorous mathematical foundations in science education is highlighted as essential for fostering a deeper understanding of complex topics [15][17].

封面新闻记者 吴雨佳 近日，搜狐创始人、董事局主席兼首席执行官、物理学博士张朝阳以"我们所居住的太阳系"为主题开启他的第三场跨年演讲。 潮汐力是怎么产生的呢？张朝阳通过对引力势的球谐展开，阐明了卫星在公转时会受到一种特殊力量的拉扯，这就是潮汐力的起源。张朝阳还提到，在极 端情况下，潮汐力甚至能毁灭星球。当小质量星球过分靠近大质量星体时，巨大的拉扯力足以将其撕成碎片，这也是土星环的一个可能成因。 更有趣的是，在地月系统中，由于地球自转偏快导致潮汐形变稍有延迟，地球隆起的方向并不完全对准月球，这就导致月球持续受到一个力矩作用，其轨 道半径以每年3.8厘米的速度扩张。反之，月球受地球潮汐作用产生的形变滞后，也会通过力矩作用减缓自身自转速度，最终形成与公转同步的潮汐锁定 状态，这也是人类始终只能观测到月球一面的原因。 我们的太阳系有太多奥秘等待探索，张朝阳带观众领略了飞出地球的三个站点。 第一站是拉格朗日点。所谓拉格朗日点，就是由质量悬殊的两个天体组成的公转系统中的5个受力平衡点。这些地方具有独特的力学稳定性，因而科学家 们在这些地方部署了大量探测器，例如韦布望远镜就部署在了日地系统L2点。太阳与木星系统中的L4和L ...