虽然DNA分析等新技术的应用加速了"隐存物种"的发现，但目前大多数新物种仍通过传统形态学方法 被识别。随着分子生物学技术的发展，未来还将发现更多仅在基因层面可区分的物种。 物种发现不仅关乎科学认知，更具有重要的现实意义。维恩斯教授表示，只有被科学描述的物种才能得 到有效保护。此外，新物种的发现常常带来医药和科技突破，例如从蜥蜴毒液衍生出的减肥药，受壁虎 脚掌启发的超强黏合材料等，自然界的生命智慧不断为人类带来惊喜。 团队下一步将重点分析物种发现的地理热点区域。（记者张梦然） 一项最新研究显示，地球"生命图谱"远未完整，而今正迎来物种发现的"黄金时代"：美国亚利桑那大学 科学家发现，目前新物种的发现速度远超以往任何时期，每年有超过1.6万个新物种被记录，这一速度 显著超过了物种灭绝的速率。相关研究报告发表在最新一期《科学进展》上。 大约300年前，瑞典博物学家卡尔·冯·林奈开启了动植物双名命名法的科学征程，他也被誉为现代分类学 之父。自他之后，科学家不断发现新的物种，致力于揭开地球生物多样性的神秘面纱。 新研究分析了约200万个已确认物种的记录数据。结果显示，2015年至2020年间，平均每年记录的新物 种超过 ...

图为伟权报春苣苔植株形态图。温放 摄 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所（以下简称"广西植物研究所"）2025年12月26日介绍， 近日，国际植物分类学著名期刊The Journal of Japanese Botany发表了在广西喀斯特丘陵山地发现的两种 苦苣苔科报春苣苔属新物种——伟权报春苣苔与花钿报春苣苔。 该发现由广西植物研究所的"中国西南—中南半岛喀斯特植物多样性保育与可持续利用"研究团队科 研人员完成，为广西喀斯特区域生物多样性尤其是苦苣苔科的植物多样性研究增添了重要内容。 报春苣苔属是苦苣苔科中物种多样性高度集中的属级类群，全球已知超过250种，其中约85%分布 于中国南方的喀斯特地貌区，广西为该属的现代分布中心。本次发现进一步印证了广西喀斯特生境在物 种形成过程中的重要地位。 伟权报春苣苔的种加词是为了致敬来自中国台湾现居广西柳州的苦苣苔科植物爱好者周伟权 （Chou Wei-Chuen）先生，他长期深耕苦苣苔科植物的育种工作，在报春苣苔属的杂交培育与品种注册 方面做出了卓越贡献；花钿报春苣苔的种加词源自拉丁语"gemma"，指该物种花色艳丽，且其完美的卵 形花冠裂片形似璀璨的宝石。 两个 ...

广西火桐是梧桐科落叶大乔木，原隶属于火桐属，现已归为梧桐属，因其模式标本产地在广西、花 朵呈火红色而得名，1977年正式命名时仅见于百色靖西。1997年首次全国调查时仅发现3株，被世界自 然保护联盟评估为极度濒危物种，并于1999年被列为国家二级重点保护野生植物。受生境破碎化和自身 更新能力差影响，其种群数量长期低位徘徊，成年植株不足800株，2021年升级为国家一级重点保护野 生植物，并纳入全国极小种群野生植物优先保护名录。（王艳群 吴练荣 彭定人） 物种保护的突破得益于人工繁育技术的成功。2012年启动的广西火桐野外回归项目，在靖西种植 100多株人工苗，2024年这些回归植株首次开花。目前南宁、百色、桂林等地已营建人工种群，为这一 极危物种的永续生存奠定了坚实基础。 新闻链接 日前，自治区林业局组织开展的广西火桐资源专项调查传来喜讯：作为中国特有极危物种、全国极 小种群野生植物及国家一级重点保护野生植物，广西火桐的分布范围与种群数量实现双增长。 调查数据显示，与第二次全国重点保护野生植物资源调查结果相比，广西火桐的已知分布范围拓展 至6个设区市的20个县级行政区域，新增12个县级行政区域；分布点由35个 ...

Core Insights - The article highlights seven significant scientific breakthroughs in 2025, showcasing advancements in gene editing, renewable energy, species protection, and disease control, which collectively instill confidence in the future of humanity [1]. Group 1: Species Protection - Several endangered species have shown significant population recovery in 2025, including the green sea turtle, which has been downgraded from "endangered" to "least concern" due to effective protection measures [5]. - The Antechinus, a small marsupial in Australia, has also recovered from near extinction to "least concern," with its habitat expanding by 48,000 square kilometers despite challenges like drought [5]. - The United Nations' High Seas Treaty, approved by over 60 countries, aims to protect biodiversity in international waters and secure at least 30% of land and marine areas [6]. Group 2: Ozone Layer Recovery - The Antarctic ozone hole has shrunk to its smallest size since 2019, indicating ongoing recovery of the Earth's protective upper atmosphere [7]. - The average annual size of the ozone hole has been decreasing since the 1987 Montreal Protocol, with hopes for complete recovery by the late 2060s if climate-friendly alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons are pursued [9]. Group 3: Gene Editing Advances - 2025 is marked as a breakthrough year for gene editing, with significant medical achievements including a Huntington's disease gene therapy that reduced cognitive decline by 75% [11]. - A CAR-T cell therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed substantial remission rates in clinical trials, and personalized CRISPR technology was tested for the first time on individuals [11][12]. - These advancements pave the way for developing mutation-specific strategies for rare diseases, highlighting collaboration between academia and industry [12]. Group 4: Renewable Energy Growth - Renewable energy surpassed coal for the first time in 2025, becoming the largest energy source globally, largely due to China's installation of 1 terawatt of solar power capacity [14]. - In the first half of 2025, China installed 256 gigawatts of solar systems, double the total installed in other regions [14]. - The EU sourced about half of its electricity from renewable energy in the second and third quarters, with expectations of nearly 4,600 gigawatts of renewable capacity added between 2025 and 2030 [16]. Group 5: Disease Control - The Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was contained within 42 days, with 64 reported cases, thanks to rapid response and vaccination efforts [18]. - The World Health Organization approved the first malaria treatment for infants, which could significantly reduce malaria deaths among children under five [20]. - A new anti-malarial drug, Ganaplacide-Lumefantrine, showed a 97.4% success rate in treating malaria in clinical trials, potentially becoming the first new anti-malarial drug approved since 1999 [20]. Group 6: Allergy Reduction - Research indicates a significant decrease in peanut allergy rates among American children, with a 43% reduction in prevalence among children under three compared to 2012 [22]. - The approach of introducing infants to peanut products at four months old has been shown to greatly reduce the likelihood of developing allergies [22].

"圆梦"，是第一只在法国出生的大熊猫。 今年8岁的"圆梦"，回到成都两年，已完全适应了这里的生活。它活泼好动，饭量很大。 中法大熊猫合作已走过13个年头。大熊猫，在中法之间架起了一座独特的友谊之桥。 2012年，大熊猫"欢欢"和"圆仔"远赴法国博瓦勒动物园，开展中法大熊猫国际繁育合作。 2017年，它们的孩子"圆梦"出生，法国总统夫人布丽吉特是它的"教母"。 未来双方将继续深化在物种保护等方面合作，为促进生物多样性保护贡献力量。 为避免近亲繁殖，"圆梦"需要回中国建立家庭。2023年7月，在法国民众的依依不舍中，"圆梦"踏上回 国旅程。 "我确定它在祖国会过得十分幸福，也同样确定它不会忘记法国。"布丽吉特说，"圆梦"这个名字寄寓着 对法中"两国友谊牢不可破的期许"。 2024年3月，为纪念大熊猫"圆梦"的特殊身份，以其为原型的大型铜雕在法国博瓦勒动物园揭幕。 2025年11月，旅居法国13年的大熊猫"欢欢"和"圆仔"乘包机抵达成都双流机场。大熊猫"欢黎黎"和"圆 嘟嘟"则继续生活在法国，至2027年1月合作期结束。 今年是中法建交61周年。保护地球家园，服务人类共同利益，中法仍在携手同行。 12月4日，中法两 ...

Core Points - A pair of white cranes, including a juvenile, was spotted at the South Lake in Yuhang, attracting birdwatchers [2] - White cranes are large migratory wading birds, primarily inhabiting open marshes, lakeshores, and shallow wetlands [2] - The adult white crane has a height of 130 to 140 centimeters and can live over 70 years, symbolizing good fortune and longevity in Chinese culture [2] Population and Conservation Status - There are three global populations of white cranes that migrate along different routes, with the central and western populations nearly extinct over the past 20 years, leaving only the eastern population that passes through China [2] - According to the World Natural Heritage Conservation Alliance, the global white crane population is now less than 4,000, with 98% wintering at Poyang Lake [2] - White cranes are classified as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List and are a national first-class protected animal in China [2] Habitat and Protection Efforts - The repeated sightings of white cranes at South Lake and North Lake indicate that these areas have become important stopover sites for the eastern migratory population due to years of wetland conservation efforts [2]

Core Points - The population of the endangered Przewalski's gazelle has reached over 3,700 individuals, which is 12 times the number at the beginning of conservation efforts [1][3] - The Przewalski's gazelle is a flagship species of Qinghai Lake and is one of the rarest mammals endemic to China, classified as a national first-class protected wildlife species [1][3] - The population was around 300 individuals in 2007, which was fewer than that of giant pandas, indicating a significant recovery due to joint efforts from local governments and civil society [3] Conservation Efforts - Continuous improvement of the habitat environment through projects such as supplementary feeding and the construction of water points has created favorable conditions for the survival and reproduction of the Przewalski's gazelle [3] - Monitoring data from 2020 to 2024 shows that the population has stabilized at over 3,700 individuals, indicating effective protection measures in recent years [3]

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant research study on gibbons, revealing their evolutionary history, population dynamics, and conservation status through extensive genomic sequencing [2][4][9]. Group 1: Research Findings - The research team constructed the most comprehensive gibbon genome dataset to date, covering 18 extant gibbon species and successfully obtaining mitochondrial genomes from three extinct samples, including the "Junzi gibbon" [4]. - The study clarified the controversial evolutionary relationships among the four genera of gibbons: Hylobates, Nomascus, Symphalangus, and Hoolock, resolving a century-old classification issue [4][7]. - Phylogenetic analysis based on ancient mitochondrial DNA placed the extinct Junzi gibbon within the Nomascus genus, negating its status as a separate genus [4][7]. Group 2: Genetic and Ecological Insights - The research indicated that historical changes in gibbon population sizes and habitat suitability were consistent with past climate changes [5]. - Comparative genomics and transgenic mouse experiments identified a deletion of 205 base pairs in the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) gene, which is linked to the elongated limbs characteristic of gibbons [6][7]. Group 3: Implications for Conservation - The findings advance the understanding of gibbon evolution, biology, and conservation efforts, providing critical information for the protection of threatened gibbon species [9].

Core Viewpoint - A new species of the genus Ansonia, named Ansonia yachang, has been discovered in the Yachang National Nature Reserve in Guangxi, China, highlighting the region's biodiversity and the need for conservation efforts [1] Group 1: Discovery and Characteristics - The discovery of Ansonia yachang began with the finding of a "mysterious tadpole" during a field survey in 2024 [1] - In April of this year, the research team successfully collected adult specimens, with males measuring between 28.1 to 31.2 millimeters in length [1] - The most notable feature of Ansonia yachang is its bicolored iris, with the upper part being copper-orange and the lower part gray-brown, resembling "natural gemstones" [1] Group 2: Habitat and Conservation Recommendations - Ansonia yachang is currently found only in a few narrow streams, indicating a limited distribution [1] - The research team recommends expanding the survey area, enhancing habitat management, establishing a monitoring network, and promoting the species' inclusion in the red list assessment [1] - There is a call for societal engagement in the conservation of this unique karst species [1]

Core Insights - The discovery of the endangered Dugong in the waters near Yongshu Reef marks the first recorded evidence of this species in the area in nearly 30 years, filling a significant gap in species distribution data [1][5] - The presence of the Dugong, along with other protected species like Hawksbill turtles and Green turtles, highlights the ecological significance of the Yongshu Reef ecosystem and the success of conservation efforts in the South China Sea [8] Group 1 - The monitoring of Dugong activity began in mid-July 2023, with sightings confirmed on multiple occasions, including close observations and photographic evidence [1][5] - The Dugong is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN and plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of seagrass ecosystems, which are vital for biodiversity [4] - The last confirmed sighting of a Dugong in mainland China was in 2008, and it was declared functionally extinct along the Chinese coast in 2022 [5] Group 2 - The discovery of the Dugong corresponds with sightings in Taiwan, providing important data for understanding the species' migration patterns in response to global changes and human activities [5] - The ongoing collaboration between the South China Sea Institute of Oceanology and local environmental departments has established a long-term monitoring system for reef safety and ecological research [8] - Future efforts will focus on enhancing monitoring and research of marine ecosystems in the South China Sea to support conservation initiatives [8]