广东省茂名市电白区南海岛水东湾海洋公园内茂密的红树林湿地景观。黄胜林摄（人民视觉） 在山东省荣成市石岛管理区的海上风电产业基地，超大型风电叶片正在吊装和运输，准备运往海上 作业区进行安装。李信君摄（人民视觉） 看不见、摸不着的碳排放也有价格、可以交易。 自2013年起，中国在多个省市开展碳排放交易试点，2021年，全国碳排放权交易市场正式启动上 线。碳市场已成为中国利用市场机制积极应对气候变化、加快经济社会发展全面绿色转型的一项重要政 策工具。 近日，中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅《关于推进绿色低碳转型加强全国碳市场建设的意见》（以 下简称《意见》）公布，明确全国碳市场中长期发展的时间表、路线图。在业内看来，这意味着碳市场 进入2.0时代，将推动全国碳市场更有活力、更具国际影响力。 企业减排越多、收益越多 碳市场里买卖什么？从营造红树林，到建设海上风电……企业等减排主体的贡献"份额"被量化、交 易，既可选择通过技术改造降低排放，也可选择购买配额填补缺口，从而以更低的社会成本达成总体减 排目标。 "碳市场一头牵着减碳目标，一头连着经济增长，通过市场机制作用将减排压力转化为动力，激发 市场主体和社会各界参与到减碳进 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent issuance of the "Opinions on Promoting Green and Low-Carbon Transition and Strengthening National Carbon Market Construction" aims to enhance the national carbon market and expand its coverage to key industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum smelting, while establishing new policies like carbon pledge and carbon repurchase to boost market activity [1][2][3][4] Group 1: Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market has been established with a focus on utilizing market mechanisms to address climate change and promote green economic transformation [2] - As of August 22, 2025, the cumulative transaction volume of the mandatory carbon market reached 680 million tons, with a transaction value of 47.41 billion yuan [2] - The voluntary carbon market recorded a cumulative transaction of 2.49 million tons of certified voluntary emission reductions, amounting to 210 million yuan [2] Group 2: Policy and Regulatory Framework - The new central document outlines a long-term development roadmap for the national carbon market, emphasizing the need for a transparent quota management system and a shift from intensity control to total control of carbon emissions [3] - The allocation method for carbon quotas will transition from entirely free to a combination of free and paid allocations, gradually increasing the proportion of paid allocations [3] Group 3: Market Mechanisms and Financial Integration - The introduction of carbon pledge and carbon repurchase policies aims to enhance financing channels for key emission units, allowing them to leverage carbon assets for loans and short-term liquidity [4] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment will collaborate with financial institutions to develop green financial products related to carbon emissions [4] - Strict regulations will be enforced on carbon emission verification, ensuring accountability among major emission units and enhancing data quality management [4]