然而，美国未曾预料到的是，这次来自中国的回应不再仅仅是传统的强烈不满或严正交涉。而是发出了一个明确的信号——依法采取有力措施。这意味着中 国将通过国内立法体系，实施实际的反击，并开启了法治化反制的新纪元。 当西方世界沉浸在圣诞节的欢乐氛围中时，北京却打破了这一节日的宁静，发布了一份不同寻常的官方声明。全国人大外事委员会在节日当天罕见地发声， 向美国传达了明确而强硬的信息：后果自负。这一表态并非情绪化的反应，而是一项经过深思熟虑的战略回应，标志着中国在面对外部压力时，已经从过去 的被动防御转变为主动反击。 近几年，美国在多个领域对中国持续施压，包括对中国商船实施远洋扣押，以及推动对台湾的军售法案等行动。美国的这些举措步步紧逼，试图通过单边手 段重塑中美关系的格局。过去，中国通常通过外交抗议来回应美国的行为，但这一次，北京不再停留在口头层面，而是选择了更加果断的应对措施——中国 正式启动《反外国制裁法》，作为反击的核心工具。 当忍耐的底线被彻底突破，中美之间的战略博弈进入了一个新的阶段。北京不再仅仅依靠口头警告和象征性的措施，而是开始采用更为系统化和制度化的反 制手段，确保对美国的制裁符合法律程序。这一转变标志着 ...

Core Viewpoint - China's announcement of export controls on six types of superhard materials, including synthetic diamond powders and cutting tools, significantly impacts the U.S. high-tech industry, as it relies heavily on these materials from China [1][3]. Group 1: Export Controls and Industry Impact - The export controls, effective from November 8, target critical materials essential for high-tech applications, particularly in semiconductor manufacturing [1][3]. - The U.S. semiconductor industry expressed immediate concern, indicating that losing access to Chinese synthetic diamonds could delay high-end chip cooling solutions by three to five years and increase production costs by $200 per chip [9]. Group 2: Historical Context and Development - Historically, China struggled to produce synthetic diamonds and relied on imports from Japan and the U.S., facing high prices and technology restrictions [5]. - The breakthrough in synthetic diamond production began in the 1980s when Chinese researchers developed their own equipment to create synthetic diamonds, leading to a significant reduction in costs and increased domestic production capabilities [5][7]. Group 3: Current Industry Position - By the early 21st century, China established itself as a leader in the synthetic diamond industry, with production levels surpassing those of other countries, particularly in Henan province [7]. - China's synthetic diamond industry now generates substantial revenue, contributing over a thousand billion yuan annually, and has become a critical component in various high-tech applications, including aerospace and deep-sea exploration [9][11]. Group 4: Strategic Response to U.S. Actions - The simultaneous announcement of export controls on superhard materials and rare earth elements is viewed as a strategic countermeasure to U.S. technology suppression tactics initiated in 2018 [11]. - The measures reflect a shift in China's position from a reactive to a proactive stance in global supply chains, indicating a significant change in the dynamics of international trade and technology [11][13].

Group 1 - The U.S. is facing significant challenges in securing rare earth materials, which are critical for military applications, particularly the F-35 fighter jet that requires 417 kg of rare earths per unit [3] - China's dominance in rare earth refining technology is causing U.S. defense contractors to struggle with quality and cost, leading to a 42% increase in production costs due to the need for three times the raw materials to produce acceptable quality [3] - The trade war initiated by the U.S. has resulted in a significant drop in China's technology exports to the U.S. by 31%, while ASEAN countries have seen a 143% increase in orders for 28nm chips from China [4] Group 2 - Negotiations in London have stalled, with the U.S. proposing a "rare earth for chips" deal, but China is demanding Boeing orders and Texas semiconductor factories in exchange [6] - Chinese companies are exploring the establishment of rare earth refining facilities in the Middle East, indicating a potential shift in the global supply chain [6] - The current geopolitical landscape mirrors historical events, with China leveraging rare earths to influence global industry, contrasting with the U.S. focus on isolationist policies [6]