Core Viewpoint - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is a milestone for China's technological innovation development, with significant achievements in technology management, infrastructure, and strategic planning [1]. Group 1: Technological Infrastructure Development - During the "14th Five-Year Plan," China has made substantial progress in building major scientific and technological infrastructure, resulting in significant original achievements, such as the discovery of over a thousand pulsars by the "China Sky Eye" [3]. - The construction of major scientific infrastructure has led to advancements in key core technologies, such as the solution to non-destructive testing challenges through the neutron source [3]. - Facilities like nuclear fusion and light sources have supported the growth of the superconducting industry [3]. Group 2: Data and Resource Management - The National Scientific Data Center has enhanced data support for innovation, with a total data volume exceeding 270PB, a fivefold increase from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [4]. - The National Biological Germplasm and Experimental Materials Resource Bank has preserved over 5.5 million plant and animal germplasm resources and more than 600,000 microbial strains, ranking among the top globally [4]. Group 3: Long-term Observation and Research - China has established 167 national field scientific observation stations, providing long-term data to support ecological civilization, major engineering safety, and sustainable regional development [5]. - The Ningxia Shapotou Desert Ecosystem National Field Station has accumulated 70 years of observation data, aiding in desertification control efforts [5]. Group 4: Open Research Instruments and Scientific Expeditions - The government has facilitated the open sharing of 147,000 research instruments valued over 500,000 yuan, promoting accessibility for the broader society [6]. - The implementation of the second Qinghai-Tibet scientific expedition and the third Xinjiang scientific expedition supports ecological and resource protection initiatives [6].

Core Points - The article discusses the achievements in technological innovation during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period in China, highlighting the restructuring of the technology management system and the establishment of a unified leadership under the Central Committee [2][5]. Group 1: Major Technological Infrastructure Developments - Significant progress has been made in the construction of major technological infrastructure, with a focus on national needs and global technological frontiers, resulting in numerous original achievements [5][6]. - The "China Sky Eye" has discovered over 1,000 pulsars, surpassing the total number discovered by other countries, contributing to the exploration of the universe [6]. - The construction of facilities like nuclear fusion and light sources has bolstered the development of the superconducting industry [6]. Group 2: National Scientific Data Centers - The National Scientific Data Centers have strengthened data integration and sharing capabilities, with a total data volume exceeding 270PB, a fivefold increase from the end of the "13th Five-Year Plan" [6]. - The National Microbial Science Data Center has led the development of the first international standard for microbial data, enhancing its international influence [6]. Group 3: Biological Resources and Research Stations - The National Biological Germplasm and Experimental Materials Resource Bank has preserved over 5.5 million plant and animal germplasm resources, with microbial strains exceeding 600,000, ranking among the top globally [6][7]. - A total of 167 National Field Scientific Observation and Research Stations have been established, providing long-term observational data to support ecological civilization construction and sustainable development [7]. - The Ningxia Shapotou Desert Ecosystem National Field Station has accumulated 70 years of observational data, aiding in desertification control efforts [7].