智通财经记者 | 田鹤琪 被中国稀土集团收编一年半后，广晟有色(600259.SH)迎来正式更名。 11月24日晚，广晟有色发布公告称，拟将中文名称"广晟有色金属股份有限公司"变更为"中稀有色金属 股份有限公司"，英文名称"Rising Nonferrous Metals Share Co.,Ltd."变更为"ChinaRare Earth Nonferrous Metals Co.,Ltd."，证券简称"广晟有色"变更为"中稀有色"，证券代码"600259"保持不变。 对于更名原因，广晟有色表示，这是为了全面融入中国稀土集团有限公司(下称中国稀土集团)，更好发 挥自身上游稀土资源优势和粤港澳大湾区地域优势，提高公司知名度及美誉度等。 该公司当前主业主要围绕稀土产业上下游，同步拓展钨、铜等战略性稀有金属资源开发和应用。 在稀土行业历经多次整合的大背景下，这类 "整合后更名" 已成为行业常态。 一业内人士告诉智通财经："之前其他的企业也有类似的情况，比如江铜稀土，被整合之后改名为中稀 凉山了。" 公开信息显示，中稀（凉山）稀土有限公司的前身为四川江铜稀土有限责任公司，于2008年8月27日在 冕宁县注册成立。现 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the critical role of rare earth elements, particularly neodymium, in the automotive industry, especially in electric vehicles, and highlights the supply chain challenges and geopolitical implications surrounding these materials [3][4][20]. Group 1: Supply Chain and Market Dynamics - Suzuki Motors announced production halts for its Swift model due to delays in parts procurement linked to rare earth export controls [3]. - European and American automotive suppliers are also facing production challenges, with Ford pausing its Explorer model production [3]. - Rare earth elements are essential for various components in electric vehicles, including motors, sensors, and other electronic parts [3][4]. Group 2: Historical Context and Current Crisis - China controls approximately 65% of global heavy rare earth mining and 88% of refining, leading to a supply crisis reminiscent of the semiconductor shortage [4]. - The previous rare earth crisis in 2010, triggered by geopolitical tensions, saw prices for certain rare earth oxides surge over five times [4][5]. - The U.S. Department of Energy estimates that rebuilding a complete rare earth supply chain will take about 10 years, indicating a recurring historical pattern [5]. Group 3: Technological and Material Insights - Neodymium is crucial for the performance of permanent magnet motors used in electric vehicles, with a typical electric vehicle using 1.5 to 3 kg of rare earth materials [17]. - The efficiency of permanent magnet motors can reach nearly 99%, largely due to the use of neodymium-iron-boron magnets [12][17]. - Tesla's Model 3 and Model S utilize neodymium for their electric motors, showcasing the importance of this rare earth element in achieving performance goals [7][9]. Group 4: Geopolitical Implications - CNN refers to rare earths as a "powerful card" for China, emphasizing the strategic importance of these materials in global automotive production [20]. - The U.S. once dominated rare earth production but has since lost its competitive edge, relying heavily on Chinese processing capabilities [20][27]. - The Mountain Pass mine in California, once a major supplier, has struggled to regain its former status due to processing challenges and market dynamics [24][35]. Group 5: Industry Consolidation and Future Outlook - China's rare earth industry has undergone significant consolidation, with major companies merging to enhance scale and bargaining power [31]. - The U.S. is attempting to revitalize its rare earth industry through initiatives like the acquisition of the Mountain Pass mine by MP Materials, aiming for vertical integration [34]. - Despite technological advancements, the U.S. still relies on China for processing rare earth materials, highlighting the ongoing challenges in establishing a self-sufficient supply chain [27][35].