（原标题：徐凯文：空心病与时代焦虑下，成为一个心理健康的学生有多难） 作者｜徐凯文 ?一、当下凸显的青少年心理健康问题 心理健康问题正在向中小学蔓延。我们正在经历一个伟大的时代的变迁，无论是国际关系，还是各种制 度的变化，比如近期各种教育政策的改革。 自疫情后复学，中小学的心理健康问题就突然爆发，变得非常严重，极端事件也发生了很多。 对此，教育部、国家卫健委等也都非常重视，出台了一系列政策文件，加强中小学心理健康工作。 北京安定医院郑毅教授的团队还发表了一份"中国儿童青少年精神障碍流行病学调查"的研究： 数据显示，有17.5%的青少年在一年之内就患有某一种精神障碍。 而这种"丧"的来源有学业和工作压力、同辈的竞争、人际关系等等，所以压力是一个非常重要的原因。 在对中小学生的调查中也发现了类似的情况，中科院心理所做的国民心理健康的研究发现： 26.4%的中小学生有抑郁的状况。 这和我自己在公立学校、国际学校调查的结果也是相似的。 二、空心病：价值观缺失所致的精神障碍 在6年前，我做了一个"时代空心病和焦虑经济学"的演讲。 那么，这些问题为什么会凸显出来？ 这个时代，我们的物质越来越丰富，但是精神障碍患病率却在增 ...

Group 1 - The article discusses the challenges and pressures faced by children and parents in the current educational environment, highlighting the disconnect between knowledge acquisition and real-life experiences [3][6][12] - It emphasizes the increasing mental health issues among children, with a notable rise in the demand for psychological services, indicating a growing concern for children's well-being [1][2][10] - The concept of "weak sense of reality" is introduced, describing how children feel disconnected from their own lives due to overly structured and perfectionist lifestyles [7][8][11] Group 2 - The article presents statistics on the rising costs of raising children in China, with an average cost of 538,312 yuan for children aged 0-17, and highlights the disparity between urban and rural costs [16][18] - It critiques the educational system's focus on grades and performance, leading to a sense of emptiness and lack of purpose among students, even those who excel academically [21][22] - The narrative suggests a shift in parental attitudes towards education, with some families opting for less structured and more experiential learning approaches, reflecting a broader societal change [22][23][24] Group 3 - The article concludes that education should focus on nurturing individuals rather than merely producing high scores, advocating for a more holistic approach that connects children with real-life experiences [25][26]