在空间站驻留约6个月，神舟二十一号乘组将新开展27项科学与应用项目，主要针对空间生命科学与生物技术、航天医学、空间 材料科学、微重力流体物理与燃烧、航天新技术等多个领域的关键科学问题进行深入系统的研究。其中，首次在轨实施国内啮齿类哺 乳动物空间科学实验，选用两雌两雄4只小鼠进行在轨饲养，重点研究失重、密闭等空间条件对小鼠行为模式的影响。目前，4只小鼠 已随神舟二十一号飞船返回地面，展开进一步科学研究。 央视网消息：神舟二十一号乘组在轨已近一个月，各项工作进展如何？神舟二十二号飞船上行物资送达后，又将为三名航天员的 在轨任务开展带来哪些新变化呢？一起来了解。 中国航天员科研训练中心张建丽表示，实际上，乘组从交接仪式之后就各自开展工作，神二十一乘组主要工作还是既定的平台维 护实验，以及一些重大任务的准备，这是神二十一乘组的一个任务线。然后神二十乘组是以返回前的工作为主，就是状态整理，毕竟 是调整了返回的飞船，他们基本上都是在各自开展各自的工作。当然，有需要就是底下进行沟通的，他们也会在休息时间大家一起讨 论，聚个餐，相聚的时间更长、更好。 由于神舟二十号乘组推迟返回，这次两个乘组同时在轨时间长达两周。在这段时间里 ...

新华财经北京11月15日电（记者胡喆） 记者从中国科学院获悉，中国空间站第九批空间科学实验样品 随神舟二十一号飞船顺利返回。本次下行返回的科学实验样品涉及26个实验项目，包括9种生命实验样 品、32种材料实验样品和3种燃烧实验样品，总重量约46.67公斤。 （文章来源：新华社） 除实验小鼠之外，其他生命类科学实验样品如斑马鱼和金鱼藻、链霉菌、涡虫、脑类器官等，及部分材 料类、燃烧类科学实验样品，于11月15日凌晨0时40分转运至北京的中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中 心。 作为空间应用系统总体单位，中国科学院空间应用中心对返回的实验样品状态进行检查确认后，交付科 学家开展后续研究。其余的材料类、燃烧类科学实验样品后续将随神舟二十一号飞船返回舱运抵北京。 其中，小鼠实验样品着陆后，科研人员随即开展了现场处置。他们将通过观察小鼠的行为，并检测其生 理生化等关键指标，初步解析小鼠对空间环境的应激响应与适应性变化规律，为进一步理解空间环境对 生命体的影响提供科学依据。 ...

记者从中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心获悉，由中国科学院牵头负责的空间应用系统31日随神 舟二十一号载人飞船，上行了生命科学、流体科学、材料科学等领域的6项科学实验，上行样品及装置 包括小鼠、锂离子电池等，总重量63.2公斤。这也是小鼠首次登陆中国空间站。 小鼠是生命科学研究的重要哺乳类模式动物，与人类基因同源性高、体型小、繁殖周期短且易于进 行基因编辑，是开展生命体空间生理、病理及生长发育和繁衍研究的理想对象，对于人类未来长期太空 生存和繁衍、惠及地球人类健康意义重大。 活性物质广泛存在于自然界与人工系统中，由能够持续消耗内部或环境能量以实现自驱动的基本单 元构成。研究此类物质的集群动力学，对于揭示群体智能的涌现机制、设计新型智能材料以及开发微纳 机器人具有重要的科学与应用价值。 由上海交通大学牵头的"微重力环境下活性胶体的结构与动力学研究"项目，将在不同驱动力强度与 颗粒浓度条件下，系统研究活性胶体的集群结构与动力学行为，揭示活性胶体粒子的个体运动特征与集 体演化规律，阐明其在微重力环境下的驱动机制、相互作用与自组织原理。研究成果有望为微纳机器人 三维集群控制、新型智能响应与自修复材料的设计提供理论依据与 ...

烈焰升腾，划破戈壁长空。10月31日23时44分，长二F火箭托举神舟二十一号载人飞船，将张陆、武 飞、张洪章3名航天员精准送入预定轨道，发射任务圆满成功。 挑战3.5小时快速交会对接 此次任务最引人瞩目的，无疑是神舟飞船首次在载人状态下挑战实施3.5小时自主快速交会对接。 此前，神舟八号与天宫一号空间实验站交会对接，用时两天；神舟十二号至神舟二十号，采用6.5小时 交会对接模式。如今，神舟二十一号挑战3.5小时交会对接，力争实现航天技术创新的又一次重大跨 越。 交会对接通常分为远程导引和近程导引两个阶段。负责导引的关键系统名为GNC（制导、导航与控 制），被称为飞船的"智慧大脑"。 从6.5小时到3.5小时，背后主要是3个层面的关键技术优化：一是远程导引段中，飞船绕地球飞行由3圈 减为2圈；二是缩短了近程导引段的初始距离，让飞船在更近的"起跑线"开始其最终的精准机动，压缩 最后一程的耗时；三是对远程导引的末段和近程导引的初段进行了统一优化，在可能存在目标轨道误差 过大的情况下也可以导引出正确轨迹，避免轨迹安全性问题。 专家表示，3.5小时交会对接，能够极大增强我国空间站任务规划的灵活性和应急响应能力。具体来 ...

Core Insights - The Shenzhou-20 crew has been working and living in the Chinese space station for over a month, having completed their first extravehicular activity on May 22, and are now engaged in a new round of on-orbit work [1] Group 1: Space Science Experiments - The crew conducted over ten space science experiments, focusing on areas such as space medicine, human behavior, and human factors technology [1] - In the field of space medicine, blood samples were collected to study the physiological changes in astronauts' bones and nerves during long-duration flights [1] - The crew performed memory sliding tests to investigate fine motor control changes and adaptive learning mechanisms in astronauts [1][3] Group 2: Life Sciences and Microgravity Research - The crew completed sample collection and storage for a controlled aquatic ecological life experiment, studying the effects of microgravity on protein homeostasis in vertebrates [3] - In microgravity physics, the crew conducted maintenance and sampling for combustion science experiments and fluid physics studies, focusing on droplet behavior in microgravity [3] Group 3: Environmental Monitoring and Equipment Maintenance - The crew carried out environmental monitoring and maintenance of various equipment, including the regenerative life support system and humidity sensors [5] - Noise measurement and inspection of in-cabin equipment were also performed to ensure operational efficiency [5] Group 4: Health Monitoring - The crew conducted non-invasive cardiac function checks, hearing tests, and various health assessments to monitor their physical well-being during the mission [7]

Group 1: Space Life Science Experiments - The eighth batch of scientific samples from the Chinese space station includes 25 experimental projects, weighing approximately 37.25 kilograms, covering fields such as space life science, materials science, and new technologies [1] - The returned life science samples consist of 20 categories, including bone cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, early embryos of humans and animals, protein samples, and fruit flies, marking the largest variety of biological samples in the space station's application and development phase [1][2] Group 2: Research and Analysis Plans - Scientists will conduct morphological detection, cell lineage analysis, structural analysis, and multi-omics analysis on the returned samples, focusing on mechanisms affecting bone loss, stem cell growth in microgravity, and early embryonic development under space conditions [2] - The research results are expected to provide data and theoretical support for human health both in space and on Earth [2] Group 3: Space Materials Science Experiments - The materials science samples, which will be transported back to Beijing, include 22 types across 4 categories, such as tungsten-based ultra-high temperature alloys and high-strength steel [3] - Future analyses will investigate the effects of microgravity on material growth, composition segregation, solidification defects, and performance, supporting the design of new high-performance alloys and large-sized crystals [3] - The research aims to advance the manufacturing and application of critical materials for next-generation aerospace turbine blades, nano-electronic devices, and flexible solar sails, providing a theoretical foundation for future deep space exploration and human space activities [3]

Core Viewpoint - The successful return of the Shenzhou 19 crew marks a significant achievement in China's manned spaceflight program, highlighting advancements in space science and technology [1][4][9] Group 1: Mission Overview - Shenzhou 19's crew, consisting of three astronauts, completed a 183-day mission, conducting three spacewalks and six cargo operations, setting a world record for the longest single spacewalk at 9 hours [1][6][7] - The mission involved 88 scientific experiments across various fields, including space life sciences and microgravity physics, yielding significant preliminary results [1][8][9] Group 2: Return Process - The return of Shenzhou 19 was initially delayed due to adverse weather conditions, emphasizing the importance of astronaut safety [2][3] - The return capsule successfully landed in the Dongfeng landing site, with ground teams prepared for immediate medical checks and recovery operations [4][5] Group 3: Technological and Scientific Contributions - The mission's experiments included the first successful breeding of fruit flies in space, contributing to understanding biological processes in microgravity [8] - The space station's ongoing research is expected to lead to advancements in various fields, including agriculture and medicine, benefiting national development [9][10] Group 4: Future Prospects - China's space station is set to operate for over a decade, providing a platform for continued scientific research and international collaboration [9][10] - The integration of astronauts from Hong Kong and Macau into future missions reflects the expanding scope of China's space program [7][8]