Core Insights - The core focus of the news is the significant breakthroughs achieved by China's space science satellite missions, highlighting the advancements in space science and technology during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1][2]. Group 1: Achievements and Breakthroughs - The Chinese Academy of Sciences has successfully developed and launched eight scientific satellites, including "Wukong," "Shijian-10," and "Mozi," resulting in major original achievements and several firsts for China and the world [1]. - The "Wukong" satellite has made a notable discovery by identifying a hardening structure in the energy spectrum of cosmic ray helium nuclei, achieving precise measurements in the energy range above 1 trillion electron volts per hertz [1]. Group 2: Future Plans - During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the National Space Science Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences will implement the space exploration scientific satellite plan, which includes projects like the "Hongmeng Plan" and "Kuafu-2," aiming for breakthroughs in areas such as the cosmic dark age and exoplanet detection [2].

图为发布会现场。新华社记者 胡喆 摄 " 慧眼号 " 在黑洞、中子星和伽马射线暴等天体研究取得系列成果。（中国科学院国家空间科学中心供 图） 在取得科学突破的同时，专项也带动了尖端有效载荷和卫星平台技术的跨越式发展，建立了"首席 科学家+工程两总"的新型任务体制，培养出一批领军人才与创新团队，涌现出众多勇挑重担的青年科 研骨干。 " 怀柔一号 " 在探测遥远宇宙天体等方面取得系列成果。（中国科学院国家空间科学中心供图） "悟空""慧眼""怀柔一号""夸父一号"和"天关"卫星进展如何？我国空间科学呈现出怎样的发展态 势？11月24日下午，中国科学院国家空间科学中心在北京召开空间科学先导专项最新亮点成果发布会， 集中发布了空间科学卫星任务在宇宙暂现天体、宇宙线传播、太阳爆发等领域取得的系列科学突破。 我国空间科学呈现多点突破发展态势 中国科学院空间科学先导专项自2011年启动实施，已成功研制并发射"悟空"号、实践十号、"墨子 号"、"慧眼号"、"太极一号"、"怀柔一号"、"夸父一号"和"天关"卫星等8项科学卫星任务，取得一系列 重大原创成果，创造多项中国第一乃至世界首次。 中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中 ...

Core Insights - The Chinese Academy of Sciences announced significant scientific breakthroughs from space science satellite missions during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with plans to implement the "Space Exploration Science Satellite Program" in the upcoming 14th Five-Year Plan [1][3]. Group 1: Space Science Satellite Missions - The program will involve the development and launch of four space science satellite missions aimed at exploring cosmic mysteries, including the "Hongmeng Plan" for detecting the cosmic dark age, "Kuafu-2" for direct imaging of the solar polar regions, an exoplanet survey mission to find "Earth 2.0," and an enhanced X-ray time-variable and polarization space observatory to study new physical laws under extreme cosmic conditions [3][5]. - The director of the National Space Science Center, Wang Chi, emphasized the goal of achieving original scientific breakthroughs in understanding the origins and evolution of the universe, space weather, and extraterrestrial life by 2035 [5]. Group 2: Achievements in Space Science - Since its inception in 2011, the space science pilot project has successfully developed and launched eight scientific satellite missions, including "Wukong," "Shijian-10," "Micius," "Huiyan," "Taiji-1," "Huairou-1," "Kuafu-1," and "Tianguan," leading to significant discoveries such as the first X-ray all-sky map and the most precise cosmic ray energy spectrum measurements [7]. - These missions have contributed to a rapid advancement in China's space science innovation, marking a significant milestone in the country's scientific capabilities [7]. Group 3: Lunar Research - Recent studies revealed that the lunar soil brought back by the Chang'e 6 mission from the far side of the moon has unique properties, being significantly drier than the Sahara Desert and exhibiting a sticky texture due to static electricity rather than water [8][10]. - The far side of the moon has undergone more intense meteorite impacts, resulting in finer and more angular soil particles, which contribute to its unique physical characteristics and implications for future lunar exploration and base construction [12].

11月24日，中国科学院国家空间科学中心召开空间科学先导专项（以下简称"专项"）最新亮点成果 发布会，集中发布了空间科学卫星在宇宙暂现天体、宇宙线传播、太阳爆发等领域取得的系列重大科学 突破。 中国科学院院士、中国科学院国家空间科学中心主任、空间科学（二期）先导专项负责人王赤表 示，作为我国首个系统性支持空间科学研究的计划，专项的实施标志着我国空间科学创新发展进入"快 车道"，实现了从"跟跑""并跑"到部分领域"领跑"的历史性跨越，推动中国空间科学家逐步走向世界舞 台中央。 开创多个国际合作新范式 专项还积极开展全方位、多层次的国际合作，开创了多个国际合作新范式。各卫星任务通过组建国 际科学团队、推动数据共享，开展联合观测，不断提升科学卫星的国际影响力与效益。 "'天关'卫星是由中方主导，欧洲空间局、德国和法国共同参与的国际合作项目。"王赤举例道，在 这个项目中，欧洲空间局首次以"机遇任务"的方式参与中国空间科学任务，提供了一套"天关"卫星后随 X射线望远镜的聚焦镜组件。 同时，中国科学院和欧洲空间局还首次开展了任务级全方位、全周期的深度合作项目——"微笑"卫 星。"中欧双方联合顶层策划、征集遴选，并合作开展 ...

专项自2011年启动实施以来，已成功研制并发射"悟空"号、实践十号、"墨子号"、"慧眼"卫星、"太极 一号"、"怀柔一号"、"夸父一号"和"天关"卫星等八项科学卫星任务，取得了一系列重大原创成果，创 造多项中国第一乃至世界首次。 "十五年来，专项集中体现了科学研究不断向'四极'方向拓展与深化的特点。"王赤说，极宏观方面，"天 关"卫星绘制出国际首个X射线全天天图；极微观方面，"悟空"号获得了迄今为止世界上最精确的宇宙 射线电子、质子、氦核和硼核能谱精细结构；极端条件方面，"慧眼"卫星首次直接测量到宇宙最强磁 场，探测到距离黑洞最近的高速喷流；极综合交叉方面，各科学卫星实现了科学、技术、工程的高度融 合发展。 国际专家高度评价了中国空间科学成果。德国图宾根大学教授安德烈亚·圣安杰洛表示，"慧眼"卫星已 成为国际高能天体物理领域不可或缺的重要观测平台，不仅解决了天体物理领域的若干重大科学问题， 还将数据应用于地球科学研究，充分发挥了卫星的效能。俄罗斯约飞研究所研究员德米特里·斯文金认 为，"怀柔一号"取得了一批独特的原创成果，在伽马射线暂现源探测研究领域发挥了重要作用。 11月24日，中国科学院国家空间科学中心召 ...

央视网消息（新闻联播）：我国空间科学先导专项成果发布会11月24日举行，集中发布了空间科学卫星任务取得的一批重要科学突破。"十五五"期间，我国 将组织实施太空探源科学卫星计划。 据介绍，中国科学院国家空间科学中心在"十五五"期间将组织实施太空探源科学卫星计划，研制发射四项空间科学卫星任务，探索宇宙奥秘。这四项科学卫 星任务分别为探测宇宙黑暗时代与黎明的"鸿蒙计划"、首次直接成像探测太阳极区的"夸父二号"、探寻"地球2.0"的系外地球巡天任务，以及探测宇宙极端条 件下物理新规律的增强型X射线时变与偏振空间天文台。 中国科学院空间科学先导专项自2011年启动实施，已成功研制并发射"悟空"号、实践十号、"墨子号""慧眼号""太极一号""怀柔一号""夸父一号"和"天关"卫 星等八项科学卫星任务，绘制出国际首个X射线全天天图，获得迄今世界最精确的宇宙射线电子、质子等能谱精细结构，首次直接测量到宇宙最强磁场，探 测到距离黑洞最近的高速喷流，在宇宙暂现天体、太阳爆发等领域取得一批重要原创成果，推动我国空间科学创新发展进入"快车道"。 ...

央视网消息：11月24日，中国科学院国家空间科学中心举行空间科学先导专项成果发布会，集中发布了我国空间科学卫星任务在宇宙暂现天 体、宇宙线传播、太阳爆发等领域取得的系列重要科学突破。 "天关"卫星发现新型X射线暂现源 凭借天关卫星前所未有的宽视场和灵敏度，我国对宇宙的研究从拍"静态照片"进入到录制"动态电影"的阶段，在发现新型X射线暂现源，推动 黑洞、中子星、伽马射线暴研究等方面取得一批新突破。 最新研究显示，天关卫星发现一颗新型X射线暂现源，为理解这类神秘暂现天体提供关键线索。还探测到银河系内X射线暗弱爆发天体，为发 现恒星级黑洞开辟了新途径。 "天关"卫星首席科学家、中国科学院国家天文台研究员袁为民表示，他们将会研究大样本的恒星的X射线的耀发，已经积累了目前国际上最大 样本的恒星的X射线耀发的数据，要进行系统性的分析。同时，还要跟国际上大型多信使的设备结合，开展关于宇宙的引力波电磁对应体和中 微子电磁对应体的搜寻，以及研究宇宙线是怎么被加速的这样一些更基本的物理问题。 多颗空间科学卫星刷新宇宙认知纪录 "十五五"将实施太空探源科学卫星计划 务。绘制出国际首个X射线全天天图，获得迄今世界最精确的宇宙射线电子 ...

Core Insights - China's space science is experiencing significant breakthroughs, with multiple scientific satellites achieving major original results and creating several firsts in both China and the world [3][4]. Group 1: Satellite Missions and Achievements - The space science pilot project initiated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2011 has successfully developed and launched eight scientific satellites, including "Wukong," "Weiyan," "Huairou," "Kuafu," and "Tianguan," marking a rapid advancement in China's space science innovation [3][4]. - The project has expanded scientific research towards four extremes: macro, micro, extreme conditions, and interdisciplinary integration, achieving notable milestones such as the first global X-ray all-sky map and the most precise cosmic ray energy spectrum measurements [3][4]. Group 2: International Collaboration - The project has actively engaged in comprehensive international cooperation, exemplified by the "Smile" satellite, which represents a deep collaboration between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the European Space Agency [4]. Group 3: Scientific Discoveries - The "Tianguan" satellite has discovered a new type of X-ray transient source, providing key insights into mysterious transient celestial bodies, and has opened new pathways for discovering stellar black holes [6][7]. - The "Weiyan" satellite has made significant contributions to understanding black hole accretion mechanisms and the radiation mechanisms of millisecond pulsars [6][7]. - The "Huairou" satellite has identified new subtypes of gamma-ray bursts resulting from compact star mergers, enhancing the understanding of gravitational wave electromagnetic counterparts [6][7]. - The "Wukong" satellite has achieved the first precise measurement of the boron energy spectrum of cosmic rays above 1 TeV/n, revealing important insights into cosmic ray propagation mechanisms [7]. - The "Kuafu" satellite has found that the correlation rate between high-energy C-class flares and coronal mass ejections is much lower than expected, providing new clues for understanding solar eruption mechanisms [7]. Group 4: Future Plans - Looking ahead, the Chinese Academy of Sciences plans to implement new space exploration satellite programs, including the "Hongmeng Plan" and "Kuafu II," focusing on major frontier issues such as the origins of the universe, space weather, and life [9].

Group 1 - The core point of the news is the successful return of the Shenzhou 20 mission, which included a variety of scientific samples for research, highlighting the advancements in space science and technology [2][3] - The Shenzhou 20 mission returned with a total of 26 experimental projects, weighing 46.67 kilograms, which included life, materials, and combustion experiments [2] - Four experimental mice, which were initially scheduled for a short trip of 5-7 days, extended their stay to nearly two weeks due to a delay in the spacecraft's return, increasing the scientific value of their journey [2] Group 2 - The ninth batch of space science experimental samples from the Chinese space station was successfully delivered to scientists on November 15 for further research [3] - In addition to the initial research conducted on the experimental mice post-landing, other life science samples, including zebrafish, goldfish algae, planarians, and brain chips, were also delivered to research teams in Beijing [5] - Future research will focus on transcriptome sequencing and proteomics of life cell samples, as well as morphological and chemical composition analysis of material samples [5]

Core Insights - The successful return of the ninth batch of scientific experiment samples from the Chinese space station via the Shenzhou 21 spacecraft marks a significant achievement in space research [2] Group 1: Scientific Experiment Samples - The returned scientific experiment samples include 26 projects, comprising 9 types of life experiment samples, 32 types of material experiment samples, and 3 types of combustion experiment samples, with a total weight of approximately 46.67 kilograms [2] - Among the life experiment samples, the mouse samples will be observed for behavioral changes and physiological biochemical indicators to understand their stress responses and adaptability to the space environment [2] Group 2: Research and Development - Other life science experiment samples, such as zebrafish, goldfish algae, streptomyces, planarians, and brain organoids, along with some material and combustion experiment samples, were transported to the Chinese Academy of Sciences Space Application Engineering and Technology Center in Beijing [2] - The Space Application Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences will inspect and confirm the status of the returned samples before handing them over to scientists for further research [2]