中新网广州11月14日电 (记者 蔡敏婕)"糖尿病视网膜病变('糖网')早期几乎没有症状，很多患者到出 现'看东西模糊、有黑影遮挡、看东西变形'等问题，才前去就医，往往此时视网膜已经发生不可逆的损 伤。"深圳普瑞星耀眼科医院副院长刘万丽表示，糖尿病患者首次确诊以后，务必检查眼底。如果已经 有糖网，需要3-6个月检查一次。 今年11月14日是第19个联合国糖尿病日。广州普瑞眼科医院院长沙翔垠表示，约三分之一的糖尿病人会 并发糖网。此外，糖尿病在眼部的并发症还有白内障、新生血管性青光眼等。 "糖网早期的微血管瘤或血管渗漏点，在视网膜周边部位，不影响中心视力，所以容易被忽视。直到发 展至黄斑区，才有明显症状。"广州普瑞眼科医院眼底外科主任黄新华解释，黄斑区是视网膜视力最敏 锐的区域，约承担我们90%的视力。 值得注意的是，糖网并不是老年人的"专利"。随着糖尿病发病的年轻化，有些中青年人也得糖网，而且 病情进展迅速。广州番禺普瑞眼科医院副院长马海智表示，年轻人新陈代谢快，增殖能力强，因此糖网 病情进展也比老年人更快，更要定期复查，发现问题才能及时处理。 "糖网患者最重要的是，要严格控制血糖。血糖控制好了，可以减少血管 ...

Core Insights - The rising prevalence of diabetes in China is alarming, with 233 million patients reported in 2023, marking a 163% increase since 2005, and affecting approximately 15.88% of the population [1][4][7] - The incidence of type 2 diabetes among individuals aged 15-39 is growing at a rate three times higher than the overall population, indicating a concerning trend of younger individuals being diagnosed [1][4][11] Summary by Sections Prevalence and Demographics - As of 2023, China has 233 million diabetes patients, accounting for 1/4 of the global diabetes population, with a prevalence rate of 15.88% [1][4] - The standardized incidence rate of diabetes is projected to rise linearly, reaching 16.15% by 2030, 21.52% by 2040, and 29.10% by 2050 if no measures are taken [4][11] Young Population Impact - The incidence of new type 2 diabetes cases in the 15-39 age group has consistently outpaced the overall growth rate from 2017 to 2021 [4][11] - The diabetes prevalence in the 10-14 age group is increasing at an annual rate of 3.88%, indicating a worrying trend among younger populations [7] Lifestyle Factors - Type 2 diabetes is primarily linked to lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and obesity, with 90% of diabetes patients in China diagnosed with this type [7][11] - The average sedentary time for individuals in China is around 9 hours per day, with nearly one-third of the population not engaging in sufficient physical activity [15] Regional Disparities - There is a notable regional disparity in diabetes prevalence, with northern regions like Beijing and Tianjin exceeding 20%, while areas like Tibet and Guangxi report rates below 10% [16] - The relationship between economic development and diabetes prevalence is evident, with higher Human Development Index (HDI) regions showing significantly higher rates of diabetes [16] Dietary Habits - The dietary preferences of the Chinese population, particularly among the youth, lean heavily towards high-calorie, high-fat foods, while intake of essential nutrients like fruits and vegetables is insufficient [12][19] - A report indicates that over half of the takeout orders in major cities consist of high-carb, high-fat, and meat-heavy dishes, contributing to unstable blood sugar levels [19][22] Awareness and Management - Approximately 350 million individuals in China are estimated to be pre-diabetic, significantly outnumbering those diagnosed with diabetes [22] - Despite an increase in awareness, with 52.3% of diabetes patients now aware of their condition, the treatment control rate remains below 40% [22]