Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical performance of gold, its long-term returns, and factors influencing its price fluctuations, emphasizing the importance of understanding these elements for investment decisions [1][38]. Long-term Returns of Gold - Gold's long-term annualized return, adjusted for inflation, is approximately 0.6% from 1802 to 2021, indicating it has outperformed inflation over time [3][4]. - From 1971 to April 2025, gold's long-term annualized return is significantly higher at 8.6% [6]. Historical Bull and Bear Markets - The first bull and bear market occurred from 1971 to 2000, where gold surged from $37/oz to $850/oz, a 22-fold increase, followed by a 70% decline over the next 20 years [11]. - The second cycle from 2001 to 2016 saw gold rise to $1921/oz during the financial crises, followed by a 44% drop over six years [13]. - Post-2016, gold prices have been on an upward trend due to global uncertainties, including the pandemic and regional conflicts [15]. Volatility and Risk - Gold's volatility is around 28.93%, with a maximum drawdown of approximately 44%, comparable to a mixed fund with 60-70% equity exposure [17]. - Historical bear markets in A-shares have seen declines of up to 71%, indicating gold's risk level is slightly lower than equities but higher than bonds [17]. Factors Influencing Gold Prices - The primary factors affecting gold prices include: 1. **U.S. Dollar**: The real interest rate (nominal rate minus inflation) significantly impacts gold prices. A decrease in real rates typically leads to higher gold prices [21]. 2. **Mining Costs**: Current mining costs are around $1500/oz, and prices below this level may indicate a buying opportunity [24]. 3. **Geopolitical Risks**: Events like regional conflicts and financial crises often drive investors towards gold as a safe haven, increasing its price [25]. Investment Strategies and Considerations - Investment in gold can be categorized into three purposes: 1. **Decorative**: Jewelry, which has high premiums and is not primarily for investment [32]. 2. **Short-term Investment**: Gold funds, which are convenient for trading but may have management fees [33]. 3. **Long-term Hedge**: Physical gold, which serves as a hedge against extreme risks and is typically held long-term [35]. Conclusion - Gold remains a significant asset class for investment, with a long-term return that has improved since the end of the gold standard in 1971 [38]. - Key factors influencing gold prices include real interest rates, mining costs, and geopolitical risks, while its volatility is comparable to a mixed equity fund [39][40].

文 | 银行螺丝钉 （转载请注明出处） 一、【直播回放】 有朋友问，历史上，黄金经历了哪些涨跌波动，收益率如何？ 连续上涨后，黄金目前估值如何？需要止盈吗？ 在今晚的直播课里，螺丝钉详细介绍了这些问题。 长按识别下面二维码，添加 @课程小助手 微信，回复「 0429 」即可观看直播回放。 （提示：回复后可以耐心等待几秒哦～） 二、【部分直播课内容如下】 1. 过去200多年里，黄金跑赢了通货膨胀 《股市长线法宝》最新版中，统计了黄金从1802年到2021年的年化收益率数据。 在剔除了通货膨胀之后，黄金长期年化收益率在0.6%上下。 这个数字是正的，说明黄金长期也跑赢了通货膨胀。 2. 黄金1971年之后，收益率大幅提升 不过黄金的长期收益有些特殊。 3. 黄金收益提升的原因：从金本位到纸币本位 在一百多年前，大多数国家，是处于金本位时代。 货币的发行会挂钩黄金。这种制度有利有弊。 好处是，金本位下，通货膨胀的数字是可控的，物价上涨比较慢。 缺点是限制了货币的供给，不利于社会经济发展。 从美国1929年大萧条之后，一直到二战，很多国家开始尝试废除金本位，改为纸币本位。 好处是货币供给大大增加，社会经济发展不再受 ...