Group 1 - Several top universities in China are reforming their GPA systems, with Fudan University introducing a P/NP grading system and Peking University planning to abolish GPA for undergraduates starting from 2025 [1][22] - The shift away from a strict GPA system reflects a broader critique of the "score-centric" approach in education, indicating a move towards more qualitative assessments [1][22] - The historical reliance on grading systems has created a culture of anxiety among students, leading to unhealthy competition and a focus on grades over genuine learning [10][19] Group 2 - The grading system, which has been a staple in education since the late 18th century, is now being questioned for its effectiveness and relevance in modern education [3][4] - Critics argue that the current grading practices do not accurately reflect students' understanding or capabilities, often reducing their educational experience to mere numbers [10][15] - The push for reform is not just about changing grading policies but also about redefining the values of education and what constitutes success [22]

Group 1 - Several top universities in China are reforming their GPA systems, with Fudan University introducing a "P/NP" grading mechanism and Peking University announcing the cancellation of the GPA system for undergraduates starting in 2025 [2][3] - The shift away from traditional grading systems reflects a broader critique of the reliance on scores in education, moving towards a more qualitative assessment of student learning [2][4] - The historical context of grading systems reveals their evolution from local, personalized assessments to standardized measures that serve bureaucratic and organizational purposes in education [6][8] Group 2 - The grading system has been criticized for distorting educational practices, leading to a focus on grades rather than genuine learning, and fostering unhealthy competition among students [9][10] - The current GPA system is seen as inadequate in capturing individual student capabilities and learning styles, often reducing students to a single numerical value [10][18] - There is a growing recognition that the emphasis on grades can negatively impact student motivation and mental health, prompting calls for a reevaluation of assessment methods [13][19] Group 3 - The need for a new assessment system is highlighted, one that emphasizes process-oriented evaluation rather than purely outcome-based grading, incorporating elements like participation and collaboration [20][21] - Some educational institutions are experimenting with alternative grading methods, such as personalized feedback and mastery-based assessments, to better align with contemporary educational needs [20][21] - The reforms at Peking University symbolize a significant shift in educational philosophy, challenging traditional notions of success and the value of learning [21]