8月26日，2024年度上海市科学技术奖获奖项目揭晓，授奖总数206项（人），其中自然科学奖授奖 数比上年度增加了10项。中青报·中青网记者注意到，获上海市自然科学奖一等奖的有18个项目，其中 唯一应用于农业生产的项目是"植物与微生物的共生机理"。记者采访了该项目第一完成人——中国科学 院分子植物科学卓越创新中心研究员王二涛。 自2013年学成回国后，王二涛一直在植物-微生物共生领域深耕。12年来，他的研究成果多次在国 际学术期刊上发表。根据王二涛的科研成果，农业领域科学家可以培育高共生效率水稻新品种，研 发"减肥增效"菌剂并应用于大豆等农作物生产。研究植物-微生物共生，能够应用于绿色农业发展，有 助于保障我国的粮食安全和生态安全。 其实，植物除了通过根部直接吸收营养外，还可以通过土壤微生物的协助，高效获取营养。土壤中 的有益微生物，在获取植物光合产物的同时，可以帮助植物从环境中高效获取氮、磷等营养元素，与植 物形成互惠互利的共生关系。 比如，豆科植物与根瘤细菌建立共生高效固氮，80%陆生植物都可以与菌根真菌形成共生，并从土 壤中获得磷和氮等矿质营养。但是，长期以来，人们已经形成了以"高投入促高产量"的习惯， ...

Group 1 - The third China International Supply Chain Promotion Expo showcased collaboration opportunities in the agricultural sector, with companies forming partnerships to enhance traceability and efficiency in livestock production [1][6] - Dalian Jinma Weighing Instrument Co., Ltd. and Inner Mongolia Jishuo Technology Co., Ltd. announced a partnership to develop a full-chain traceability system for livestock products, allowing precise farming and consumer confidence in product sourcing [1] - The expo highlighted the integration of various agricultural enterprises, emphasizing the potential for collaborative growth within the industry [1][6] Group 2 - McDonald's China has over 7,000 restaurants, leveraging a robust supply chain that connects local producers with global resources, enhancing food safety and quality [3] - Syngenta showcased its commitment to building a green and efficient agricultural supply chain, emphasizing the importance of open cooperation in the industry [3][5] - Hebei Silicon Valley Fertilizer Co., Ltd. introduced organic silicon functional fertilizers that improve soil properties and enhance nutrient absorption, addressing challenges posed by traditional fertilizers [5]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the necessity of fully utilizing non-grain feed resources to enhance domestic feed supply and reduce reliance on imported grains, addressing food security and promoting sustainable agricultural practices [1][2][5]. Group 1: Current Challenges - China faces significant challenges in feed supply due to high dependence on imported grains like corn and soybeans, which account for over 90% of total grain imports [2][3]. - The ongoing international trade tensions, geopolitical conflicts, and extreme weather events contribute to uncertainties in grain imports, impacting the stability of feed supply [1][2]. Group 2: Utilization of Non-Grain Feed Resources - The government has introduced the "Feed Conservation Action Implementation Plan," which aims to explore and utilize abundant non-grain feed resources such as agricultural waste, industrial by-products, kitchen waste, and animal by-products [1][2]. - Agricultural by-products like corn stalks, rice straw, and wheat straw have high production rates but low utilization, presenting an opportunity for conversion into quality feed through fermentation [3][4]. Group 3: Innovative Feed Solutions - Technologies can transform waste materials, such as kitchen scraps and animal by-products, into high-efficiency feed resources, promoting a "waste-to-resource" approach [4][5]. - The development of high-quality forage crops and the application of modern breeding and irrigation technologies can alleviate the "grain vs. livestock" conflict and enhance soil health [4][5]. Group 4: Sustainable Agricultural Development - The shift towards utilizing diverse feed sources, including insect protein and algae, supports a low-carbon transition in the livestock industry and contributes to sustainable agricultural development [5].