巴以新一轮冲突两年来，以色列对加沙地带持续发动地面和空中袭击，对国际社会停火止战的呼吁充耳不闻。然而，欧洲国家在应对这场危机的立场和重心 也出现了显著变化，同时也暴露出欧洲与美国在此问题上日益加深的分歧。 过去两年，美国一直是以色列最坚定的盟友，无论在军事援助还是外交庇护方面都力度空前。欧洲舆论认为，特朗普政府的中东政策打破了以往美国在以巴 问题上的"平衡姿态"，这在欧洲引发了广泛批评。 总体来看，巴以冲突爆发两年来，欧洲国家在以巴问题上的立场逐渐从早期的"以色列安全优先"转向更强调政治解决的路径。但与此同时，欧盟在整体层面 仍保持相对谨慎的平衡，一方面强调以色列有权保障安全，另一方面推动对加沙地区的人道援助机制。但在欧盟内部，不同国家基于历史、政治和舆论的差 异，仍难以形成完全统一的行动方针。美国与欧洲在政策重点、外交工具和法律态度上的对立，也在这场旷日持久的冲突中日益凸显。 首先是欧洲内部的态度演变。冲突初期，多数欧盟国家表达了对以色列"自卫权"的支持，特别是德国、捷克、奥地利等国，出于历史与安全考量，立场鲜明 地站在以色列一方。然而，随着冲突进入长期化和高烈度阶段，加沙地带的人道主义危机不断恶化，欧洲舆 ...

Core Viewpoint - Ukraine has decided to suspend its obligations under the Ottawa Convention on landmines, citing the need to reassess its international legal obligations in light of the ongoing conflict with Russia [2][3]. Group 1: Legislative Actions - Ukrainian President Zelensky signed laws recognizing dual citizenship and establishing a special tribunal for crimes committed by Russia during its invasion [1]. - The Ukrainian Parliament (Verkhovna Rada) passed a bill to temporarily suspend obligations under the Ottawa Convention, with 299 votes in favor [2]. Group 2: Justifications for Suspension - Ukraine's decision is based on the asymmetric compliance with the convention, as Russia is not a signatory and thus not bound by its restrictions, while Ukraine's defensive measures are limited by the convention [2]. - The suspension will allow Ukraine to seek additional military technical assistance from non-signatory countries, enhancing its defense capabilities in the ongoing conflict [3]. Group 3: Communication of Suspension - Following the enactment of the new law, Ukraine will formally notify other signatories of the Ottawa Convention, treaty depositaries, and the UN Security Council about its decision to suspend compliance [3].

当地时间7月15日，乌克兰最高拉达(议会)通过一项法案，决定暂时中止履行《关于禁止使用、储存、 生产和转让杀伤人员地雷及销毁此种地雷的公约》，即《渥太华禁雷公约》的相关义务。该法律草案在 议会投票中获得了299名议员的支持。根据解释性文件，乌克兰在行使《联合国宪章》第51条所赋予的 自卫权时，为维护国家领土完整和主权独立，不得不重新评估其国际法律义务。乌方称，乌克兰做出这 一决定的原因之一，是俄乌双方在公约履行方面的不对称性。俄罗斯联邦并非1997年《渥太华禁雷公 约》的缔约国，这使得俄罗斯在军事行动中不受该公约限制，而乌克兰的工程防御等有效防御手段则受 到了限制。根据新通过的法律，《渥太华禁雷公约》对乌克兰的效力将暂停。法律生效后，乌克兰将按 照规定，正式向《渥太华禁雷公约》的其他缔约国、条约保存方以及联合国安理会通报其暂停履行公约 的决定。此外，这一举措还将为乌克兰带来一些实际利益，例如从非公约缔约国获得额外的军事技术援 助，进一步扩充抵御敌人所需的防御武器库，以增强其在俄乌冲突中的防御能力。(央视新闻) ...

Group 1 - President Trump stated that both Israel and Iran have violated the ceasefire agreement, expressing dissatisfaction with both parties [1][2][3] - The Iranian Health Minister reported that the recent conflict has resulted in 606 deaths in Iran, with approximately 95% of the deceased buried under rubble, and 5,332 injuries [3] - Iran's National Security Council claimed victory over Israel, asserting that they have forced Israel to unilaterally cease its aggression and are prepared to respond decisively to any further acts of aggression [5][6] Group 2 - The Israeli Defense Minister accused Iran of completely violating the ceasefire agreement by launching missiles at Israel after the agreement took effect [6]

Core Viewpoint - Iran claims victory over Israel in recent military engagements and denies any ceasefire violations, asserting readiness to respond decisively to further aggression [1][2] Group 1: Iran's Military Actions - Iran's Supreme National Security Council announced that it has forced Israel to unilaterally cease its aggression, declaring a military victory [1] - Iranian armed forces conducted missile strikes against Israeli territory and targeted the U.S. Al Udeid Air Base in Qatar, framing these actions as a response to perceived threats [1] - The Iranian military denies recent allegations of launching missiles at Israel, asserting that it does not trust enemy statements [1] Group 2: Diplomatic Statements - Iran's Foreign Ministry spokesperson emphasized that the missile attack on the U.S. base was an exercise of self-defense under the UN Charter, aimed at responding to U.S. violations of Iranian sovereignty [1] - The spokesperson clarified that the self-defense actions should not be interpreted as aggression towards Qatar, highlighting Iran's commitment to maintaining good relations with its neighbor [1] - The Iranian military's General Staff refuted claims made by Israel regarding violations of the ceasefire agreement, asserting that no missiles were fired at Israel in recent hours [1][2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that both Israel and Iran have violated the ceasefire agreement, as stated by Trump [1][3][4] - Trump expressed dissatisfaction with both Israel and Iran regarding the situation [1][4] - The recent conflict has resulted in significant casualties in Iran, with 606 reported deaths and 5,332 injuries [4] Group 2 - Iran claims to have achieved victory over Israel and has denied launching missiles after the ceasefire [5][6][7] - The Iranian National Security Council stated that they have forced Israel to cease its aggression and are prepared to respond decisively to any further actions [6] - Iran's military actions against U.S. bases are framed as self-defense in response to perceived violations of its sovereignty [6]

俄罗斯外交部副部长：伊朗拥有完全的自卫权。 ...

【导读】伊朗最高领袖顾问：浓缩铀材料仍在，"游戏并未结束" 持续关注海外最新消息！ 伊朗最高领袖顾问：浓缩铀材料仍在 "游戏并未结束" 新华社消息，伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊的政治顾问阿里·沙姆哈尼6月22日在社交媒体发文表示，尽管美国 空袭伊朗核设施，伊朗的浓缩铀材料还在，"游戏并未结束"。 新华社消息，以色列国防军6月22日说，伊朗对以色列发动新一轮导弹袭击。据以急救组织消息，袭击 已造成至少16人受伤。 美国务卿：美国准备23日与伊朗对话 据央视新闻，美国国务卿鲁比奥当地时间6月22日在接受美国媒体采访时呼吁美国和伊朗进行直接谈 判，并表示美国准备于6月23日与伊朗对话。鲁比奥重申，伊朗可以拥有民用核计划，但不能进行铀浓 缩。鲁比奥表示，伊朗拒绝了美国的提议，并在美国对其发动军事行动前消失了10天，尽管伊朗持续向 对话者发送信息，但伊朗甚至不直接与美国交谈。 美东时间6月21日，美总统特朗普称美国已完成对伊朗福尔多、纳坦兹和伊斯法罕三处核设施的袭击。 一名以色列高级官员称，美国在打击伊朗核设施前通知了以色列。 沙姆哈尼在社交媒体上写道："即便核设施被摧毁，游戏也未结束，浓缩材料、本土知识和政治意志继 续存在。 ...

Group 1 - Iranian President Pezeshkian condemned the U.S. for its actions against Iranian nuclear facilities, stating that the U.S. is the mastermind behind Israel's hostile actions towards Iran [1] - Pezeshkian emphasized the need for unity among Iranians to defend their homeland, despite the significant losses incurred from Israeli attacks [1] Group 2 - U.S. Secretary of Defense Hagel stated that the U.S. successfully destroyed Iran's nuclear program without targeting Iranian military or civilians, clarifying that the mission was not aimed at regime change [2] - Hagel mentioned that the operation was in compliance with the War Powers Act and that Congress was informed post-operation [2] Group 3 - Over 125 U.S. aircraft participated in the operation, including B-2 stealth bombers, which launched 75 precision-guided munitions, including 14 GBU-57 massive penetrator bombs [3] - Initial assessments indicated severe damage to three Iranian nuclear facilities, although a senior U.S. official acknowledged that the B-2 bombers did not completely destroy the Fordow facility [4] Group 4 - U.S. Vice President Pence remarked that the decision to strike Iran was not taken lightly and could provide an opportunity to restart dialogue with Iran [5] - President Trump confirmed the completion of strikes on three Iranian nuclear sites, with prior notification given to Israel [5] Group 5 - Russia strongly condemned the U.S. actions, labeling them as a violation of international law and the UN Charter [7] - Russian officials expressed concerns that the U.S. involvement could lead to a new conflict, with most countries opposing the U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran [7]

Core Viewpoint - The Russian Foreign Ministry strongly condemns the U.S. attack on Iranian nuclear facilities, stating it grossly violates international law, the UN Charter, and UN Security Council resolutions [1] Group 1 - The Russian Foreign Minister Lavrov commented on Western countries supporting Israel's so-called right to self-defense, warning that if countries interpret the UN Charter's self-defense provisions at will, it would lead to global chaos [1] - Dmitry Medvedev, Deputy Chairman of the Russian Security Council, stated via social media that following the U.S. strikes on Iran, "the U.S. is involved in a conflict that could potentially escalate into ground operations" [1] - Medvedev also noted that the vast majority of countries oppose the attacks by Israel and the U.S. on Iran [1]