央广网北京8月23日消息（总台记者谭瑱 李腾飞）据中央广播电视总台中国之声《新闻纵横》报道，夏季是蛇类活动的高峰期，也是蛇咬伤事件的高发 期。近日，云南一老人不幸被剧毒眼镜王蛇咬伤，经过全力抢救，老人在12小时内脱离危险。值得注意的是，为了让医生快速识别蛇种、匹配抗蛇毒血清， 他的家属在老人就诊时拖着两米多长的"凶手"冲进医院，当时这条蛇甚至还在扭动。带蛇就医是"必选项"吗？被蛇咬伤后该怎么办？ 经过12小时的全力抢救，患者脱离生命危险（央广网发 受访者提供） 咬伤老人的蛇（央广网发 受访者提供） 8月20日下午五点多，云南省临沧市第二人民医院蛇咬伤救治中心接诊了一名被蛇咬伤的78岁老人。随后，患者家属提着一条两米多长的蛇冲进了救治 中心。 医护人员一眼便认出，这是毒性极强的眼镜王蛇。家属表示，"老人正是被这条蛇咬伤的"。医院急诊科主任兼蛇咬伤救治中心主任王娅表示，眼镜王蛇 咬伤患者死亡率极高，而从老人被蛇咬伤到经转诊抵达救治中心，时间已过去近半个小时，情况十分危急。 王娅表示："我们开设蛇咬伤中心已经10多年了，第一次碰到这种眼镜王蛇咬伤的情况，死亡率非常高。那条蛇是被货车碾压过之后，老爷爷散步时发 现了它 ...

Core Viewpoint - The recent death of a young female tourist in Sanya due to a suspected snake bite has raised concerns about the availability and adequacy of antivenom supply in hospitals, particularly in regions with high incidences of snake bites [1][2][4]. Antivenom Production and Availability - Currently, there is only one company, Sairun Biotech, that produces antivenom in China, with only four types available: for pit vipers, cobras, five-step snakes, and banded krait [6][7]. - In 2024, Sairun Biotech reported a revenue of 158 million yuan from antivenom sales, a slight increase of 1.17% year-on-year, with a production volume of 172,900 vials, up 46.68% from the previous year [7]. Treatment Protocols and Challenges - The treatment of snake bites is highly dependent on the experience of medical professionals, emphasizing the need for timely administration of antivenom based on clinical symptoms rather than waiting for definitive identification of the snake species [3][4]. - The guidelines recommend early and adequate use of antivenom, which is crucial for improving patient outcomes [5][4]. Regional Variations in Antivenom Storage - Hospitals in regions with high snake bite incidents, such as Xiangtan, Guangzhou, and Lishui, maintain stocks of the four types of antivenom based on local snake species prevalence [8][9]. - Some hospitals may not stock antivenom due to high costs, short shelf life, and the financial burden of expired products [10][9]. Public Health Implications - Snake bites are a significant public health issue in China, with an estimated 250,000 to 280,000 cases annually, predominantly affecting individuals over 50 years old [4]. - The lack of awareness and access to proper treatment can lead to severe complications and fatalities, highlighting the need for better public health education and resources [13][12]. Future Developments - There is potential for market growth in antivenom production, as current offerings do not cover all snake species, and additional companies are exploring the development of new antivenoms [13][15]. - Sairun Biotech is currently conducting clinical research on antivenom for viper bites, which could expand treatment options in the future [15][16].

Core Points - A tourist's death due to an unknown animal bite has sparked widespread public discussion [1] - The family is demanding video footage and has communicated with the involved parties [2] - The Hainan Provincial Health Commission has intervened in the investigation [3] Group 1: Medical Response and Treatment - Experts indicate that if the bite was from a venomous snake, it is a treatable condition with existing antivenom [5] - Timely medical intervention is crucial; delays can lead to irreversible damage [5][35] - The first hospital did not have antivenom readily available, raising concerns about emergency preparedness [14][19] Group 2: Diagnosis Challenges - Diagnosing snake bites is complex and relies on various factors including the type of snake and symptoms presented [8][9] - Symptoms of different snake venoms vary significantly, complicating diagnosis [9] - The initial diagnosis at the first hospital was inconclusive, leading to a transfer to a second facility [7] Group 3: Antivenom Availability and Guidelines - There are only four main types of antivenom available, and not all hospitals stock them due to low incidence rates of snake bites [15][19] - The World Health Organization recommends that antivenom should be part of treatment protocols in primary healthcare settings [14] - A unified network for snake bite treatment is suggested to improve response times and outcomes [25] Group 4: Public Awareness and Education - Public awareness campaigns are encouraged to help individuals identify snakes and seek timely medical help [33][34] - The importance of rapid treatment within the first few hours post-bite is emphasized to improve survival rates [36]