马克龙刚刚结束访华回到法国后，立刻向中国发出了带有警告的呼声。他表示，欧洲的工业正在面临生存危机，急需中国的投资和技术援助来拯救。然而， 他同时也重申了一个老话题：如果不解决贸易失衡问题，欧盟可能会效仿美国对中国加征关税。从表面看，马克龙的要求似乎合情合理，并没有过于激烈。 但实际上，这不仅仅是简单的求助，马克龙的背后有着更深的政治考量。他的真正目标，可能是想通过这场博弈重新夺回已经失去的定价权。欧洲目前的产 业焦虑的确是真实存在的，例如能源危机、产业外流、创新乏力等问题，这些都不是新问题。但马克龙却精准地将矛头指向中国，称中国是生死存亡的根 源，这更像是他试图通过这种方式将内在的危机转嫁给外部因素。 关税威胁无疑是马克龙桌面上的一个直接筹码，但它的效力已经大不如前。全球供应链已经紧密交织，单纯对中国商品加征关税，最终的痛苦会首先落在欧 洲消费者头上。更重要的是，中国的出口结构正迅速升级，逐步从依赖成本优势转向技术和产业链优势。单靠关税壁垒，已经难以阻止那些具有核心竞争力 的产品。马克龙的警告听起来很强硬，但更多的是一种希望通过利益交换来寻求更多合作的手段，尤其是希望中国资本能够按照欧洲的期望路径进行更多的 ...

Economic Performance - The US economy showed strong performance in 2023 with a total output of $27.37 trillion, reflecting a 2.5% year-on-year growth after adjusting for inflation, which is an increase of $1.65 trillion compared to 2022 [1][3] - Consumer spending was a significant driver, with retail sales increasing by 3.2% for the year and a notable 5.6% year-on-year jump in December [1][3] - The Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index surged nearly 30% from November to January, marking the fastest increase since the 1990s [1] Government Spending and Debt - The US national debt rose from $23 trillion in 2019 to $34 trillion in 2023, with an increase of $11 trillion over four years, largely due to government stimulus measures [3] - The quarterly GDP figures for 2023 were $6.55 trillion, $6.8 trillion, $6.93 trillion, and $7.09 trillion, each surpassing the annual output of Japan or Germany [3] Comparison with China - China's total output in 2023 was 126.06 trillion yuan, equivalent to approximately $17.89 trillion, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 5.2%, which is more than double the US growth rate [3] - The gap between the US and China widened from $5.77 trillion two years ago to $9.48 trillion, with China accounting for only 65.36% of the US economy [3] - China's consumer contribution rate reached a historic high of 82.5%, while the export surplus was $822.3 billion [3] Investment and Market Trends - Corporate investment showed signs of recovery, particularly in the tech sector, with the Dow Jones index rising by 13.7% over the year [4] - The US economy's resilience is attributed to consumer spending, which constitutes nearly 80% of the total economic output [3][4] Future Projections - For 2024, the US GDP is projected to rise to $29.18 trillion, with a growth rate of 2.8%, while China's GDP is expected to reach 134.91 trillion yuan (approximately $18.80 trillion) with a growth rate of 5.0% [7] - The International Monetary Fund forecasts China's growth at 4.8% for 2024, while the US is projected to grow at 1.9% in 2025 [7][9] Structural Challenges - The US economy benefits from strong consumer demand and low unemployment, while China faces challenges such as real estate debt, low consumer confidence, and high youth unemployment [9] - The structural differences between the two economies are highlighted by the US's reliance on consumer spending and investment, while China's economy is more dependent on exports and manufacturing [9]