卫星产业的"米"已满仓，但市场却忽然发现，能把这些卫星稳 定、廉价送上天的火箭，却还不够用。 作者：郑晨烨 封图：视觉中国 2025年，一笔"泼天的富贵"砸向了中国的商业航天市场，却硬生生卡在了发射环节。 所谓"泼天"，具象为一个总预算6.16亿元人民币的火箭发射订单， 招标方是上海 垣信 卫星 科 技 有 限公司，采购目的是为旗下"千帆星座"的规模化组网寻找火箭运力。 然而， 从2月到8月，这笔订单反复启动招标，又反复宣告失败，理由很简单：递交投标文件的供 应商"不足3家"。 而根据《招标投标法》相关规定，投标人少于3个不得开标，只能重新招标。 接二连三的失败，指向了一个明确的现实： 市场上能接下这笔大单的"民营火箭公司"，凑不够 数。 这让卫星公司们很"着急"，因为根据国际电信联盟（ITU）"先到先得"的规则，卫星的轨道和 频率资源是有"保质期"的，必须在规定时间内按照环环相扣的时间节点，完成规定比例的卫星发 射，否则申请的资源就会失效。 当前，垣信卫星的"千帆星座"和另一家中国星网的"GW星座"申报的卫星总量已突破30000颗，发 射任务可谓艰巨。公开信息显示，从7月底到8月中旬，中国星网通过5次发射， ...

经济观察报记者 郑晨烨 然而，从2月到8月，这笔订单反复启动招标，又反复宣告失败，理由很简单：递交投标文件的供应商"不足3家"。而根据《招标投标法》相关规定，投标人 少于3个不得开标，只能重新招标。 接二连三的失败，指向了一个明确的现实：市场上能接下这笔大单的"民营火箭公司"，凑不够数。这让卫星公司们很"着急"，因为根据国际电信联盟 （ITU）"先到先得"的规则，卫星的轨道和频率资源是有"保质期"的，必须在规定时间内按照环环相扣的时间节点，完成规定比例的卫星发射，否则申请的 资源就会失效。 当前，垣信卫星的"千帆星座"和另一家中国星网的"GW星座"申报的卫星总量已突破30000颗，发射任务可谓艰巨。公开信息显示，从7月底到8月中旬，中国 星网通过5次发射，将38颗卫星送入预定轨道，前后共使用了4种不同型号的运载火箭；而垣信卫星的"千帆星座"，截至2025年3月，也已将90颗卫星部署在 轨。 与此同时，市场的热度也已传导至遥感、对地观测等细分赛道。2025年8月底，航天宏图（688066.SH）公告其与国际客户签订了一份价值约9.9亿元人民币 的卫星及地面系统采购合同。而在稍早前的5月，北京的微纳星空也中标了四 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese commercial space industry is facing a significant bottleneck in rocket launch capacity, which is hindering the deployment of satellite constellations necessary for various applications, including internet services and earth observation [1][2][3] Group 1: Market Demand and Challenges - Shanghai Yuanxin Satellite Technology Co., Ltd. has a budget of 616 million RMB for a rocket launch order to support its "Qianfan Constellation" project, but the bidding process has repeatedly failed due to insufficient qualified suppliers [1][2] - The total number of satellites declared by Yuanxin and another company has exceeded 30,000, indicating a high demand for launch services [2] - The urgency is compounded by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) rules, which impose strict deadlines for satellite launches to retain orbital and frequency resources [4][5] Group 2: Current Launch Capacity - The current private rocket companies in China lack a large-capacity liquid rocket comparable to SpaceX's Falcon 9, which limits their ability to meet the growing demand for satellite launches [2][3] - The recent bidding results show that only a few private companies, such as Tianbing Technology and Blue Arrow Aerospace, have the potential to meet the launch requirements, but they have not yet completed their first flight tests [3][10] Group 3: Industry Developments - The market has seen significant contracts, such as a 990 million RMB deal signed by Aerospace Hongtu with an international client, indicating a thriving satellite industry despite the launch capacity issues [2][7] - The launch frequency and capacity of Chinese companies are lagging behind SpaceX, which completed 100 orbital launches in the first eight months of 2025 alone [6][11] Group 4: Future Prospects - The industry is witnessing a shift towards developing large-capacity, reusable liquid rockets, with companies like Tianbing Technology and Blue Arrow Aerospace focusing their resources on this goal [17][18] - The infrastructure for high-density launches is being developed, with new launch sites and facilities being established to support future rocket launches [20][21] - The successful completion of initial flights for the new generation of rockets is critical for the satellite companies to proceed with their deployment plans [18][21]