《联合国气候变化框架公约》第三十次缔约方大会（COP30）正在巴西帕拉州首府贝伦市举行。帕拉州 位于亚马孙雨林腹地，是巴西近年来积极探索发展与保护并行的发展路径、开展一系列可持续农业实践 的重点地区。近日，本报记者走进该州的农场、合作社与相关企业，了解当地农民、技术人员与政府部 门如何协同发力，助力亚马孙地区生态保护与可持续发展。 农林复合系统带动生态转型 在距离贝伦市约180公里的托梅—阿苏市，大片农林复合系统示范区绿意盎然。 托梅—阿苏农业合作社技术员佩德罗·席尔瓦向记者介绍，这种模式让油棕、可可、木本果树、经济林 木等作物相互补充，既有利于保持土壤肥力、减少病虫害，又能使退化的土地逐步恢复。"我们栽种的 不仅是经济作物，更是一片可自我更新的生态林。农户不再为了种植单一作物而砍伐雨林，而是让土地 回归大自然节律。"佩德罗说，目前，合作社正大力推广该种植模式，帮助农户以多样化种植替代单一 作物依赖，带动区域农业生态化转型。 在巴西，这种混合农业模式被称为"雨林农业系统"。今年2月，托梅—阿苏的农林复合系统被列入帕拉 州非物质文化遗产名录。随着植被覆盖率持续回升，农业系统的稳定性不断增强。"农林复合系统大幅 ...

Core Insights - The article discusses the mixed agricultural model in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, particularly in the region of Tomé-Açu, which benefits from ideal conditions for oil palm cultivation [1][2]. Group 1: Agricultural Practices - The oil palm can yield approximately 5 tons of oil per hectare annually, significantly higher than other crops like soybeans and castor beans [2]. - The mixed planting model involves cultivating over 15 different plant species alongside oil palms, including pepper, cocoa, and Brazilian berries, which enhances biodiversity and sustainability [2][3]. - The mixed agricultural system, known as the rainforest agricultural system in Brazil, helps maintain soil health, ensures biodiversity, and contributes to carbon sequestration [3]. Group 2: Environmental and Economic Impact - The cooperative has received guidance from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Company and private enterprises, with the palm oil produced being sent to local cosmetics factories [3]. - The cooperative promotes the use of solar energy for irrigation and processing to reduce energy consumption, with many members already utilizing solar systems sourced from China [3].