沈湘平 马克思主义哲学的初心底色、中国理论发展的内生动力、回应全球性问题的哲学担当、构建中国国际话 语权的选择，以及当今哲学范式转换的挑战与机遇，要求中国马克思主义哲学彰显其世界哲学属性。纵 观全球哲学发展现状，从理论与实践的辩证统一性来审视，中国马克思主义哲学最契合本真意义上的世 界哲学，更准确地说，其开创了通向人类文明所需之世界哲学的现实路径。 中国马克思主义哲学瓦解了"哲学=西方哲学"的认知霸权 作为后形而上学的思想形态，人类文明所需之世界哲学有着漫长的前史。在前现代时期，各民族、文明 的哲学均以独立形态平行发展，缺乏对话的历史条件。即便存在跨文化互动，形成的哲学形态也主要是 具有区域性意义。近代以来，随着西方大工业、殖民侵略推动历史向世界历史转变，西方哲学获得话语 霸权，在世俗的意义上一度与世界哲学画等号。值得注意的是，虽然马克思主义哲学脱胎于德国古典哲 学(西方文明成果)，但是其能够突破西方中心主义的桎梏。这既取决于其理论内核的特质，更依托于非 西方世界的实践验证。西方马克思主义尽管对资本主义展开深刻的社会、文化批判，为中国马克思主义 哲学提供诸多启示，但是固守西方视角且疏离实践场域，部分流派甚至偏 ...

推荐书目 《漫步遐思》，陈先达著，北京师范大学出版社出版 《掌握"看家本领"》，孙正聿著，吉林人民出版社出版 毛泽东同志曾指出，"唯物史观是吾党哲学的根据。"中国共产党自成立起就坚持用马克思主义哲学教育 和武装全党。可以说，学哲学、用哲学，是中国共产党的好传统。因此，我们要"不断接受马克思主义 哲学的滋养"，"努力把马克思主义哲学作为自己的看家本领。"在深入研究马克思主义哲学、毛泽东哲 学思想和习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的基础上，孙正聿教授撰写了《掌握"看家本领"》一书。 在我看来，这既是一本理论著作，又是一本通俗著作；既是一部学习马克思主义哲学的"参考书"，又是 一部学习马克思主义哲学的"工具书"，能够增强我们对马克思主义哲学的亲和感和学习马克思主义哲学 的迫切感。《掌握"看家本领"》的最大特点就在于，为如何学习马克思主义哲学提供了方法，指出了途 径，犹如一张"导游图"，引导我们走向、走近、走进马克思主义哲学，努力掌握"看家本领"。 提供掌握马克思主义立场、观点、方法的理论框架和思考途径 毛泽东同志曾把马克思主义哲学比喻为"望远镜"和"显微镜"。望远镜使我们看得更远，高瞻远瞩；显微 镜使我们看得更细， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the 120th anniversary of Hu Quyuan, a prominent Marxist philosopher and educator in China, highlighting his contributions to philosophy and education at Fudan University [3]. Group 1: Biography and Academic Contributions - Hu Quyuan, originally named Hu Tingfang, was born in 1905 in Jiangling, Hubei, and became interested in philosophy after being influenced by Marxist teachings during his time at Peking University [5]. - After the liberation of Shanghai in 1949, Hu Quyuan experienced a golden period in his academic and educational career, founding the Marxist Philosophy Research Class in 1955 and establishing the Philosophy Department at Fudan University in 1956 [6]. Group 2: Philosophical Views and Teachings - Hu Quyuan emphasized that philosophy should reveal the universal essence of things and be closely related to people's lives, asserting that Marxist theory serves as a guide for action rather than a dogma [8]. - He criticized the Soviet textbook system for its one-sided emphasis on struggle and advocated for a more nuanced understanding of dialectical materialism, particularly the concept of "unity of opposites" as the core of dialectics [8]. - Hu Quyuan argued against the simplistic dichotomy of "materialism" and "idealism" in philosophical education, promoting the integration of theoretical learning with the study of philosophical history [8]. Group 3: Integration of Chinese and Western Philosophy - He believed in the importance of integrating Chinese philosophical traditions with Marxism, asserting that China's long-standing cultural values should not be undervalued in philosophical discourse [9]. - In his later years, he published works that challenged prevailing views on Chinese history and society, using Marxist perspectives to analyze traditional Chinese culture and its implications for contemporary thought [9]. Group 4: Legacy and Influence - Hu Quyuan's life reflects the spiritual journey of 20th-century Chinese intellectuals, and he expressed satisfaction in dedicating his life to the study and promotion of Marxist philosophy [11]. - His teachings and philosophical insights have left a lasting impact on the academic community, fostering a tradition of open discussion and integration of diverse philosophical perspectives at Fudan University [15][16].

Group 1 - The book "The Future of Artworks" by Richard Wagner introduces the concept of "total artwork," advocating for the integration of various art forms such as music, dance, poetry, and architecture to create a new artistic expression that serves the people and evokes collective spirit [2] - Wagner's work reflects his transformation from a composer to an art reformer, providing a theoretical foundation for his later creations, including "The Ring of the Nibelung" [2] - This book is considered a significant document for understanding 19th-century German philosophy and aesthetics, marking a pivotal moment in Wagner's artistic journey [2] Group 2 - "Basic Principles of Classical Political Philosophy" by Leo Strauss focuses on Aristotle's "Politics," addressing often-overlooked fundamental principles to help students understand the modernity crisis faced during Strauss's time [4] - The book connects Aristotle's ideas with those of Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau, systematically explaining the basic principles of classical political philosophy [4] - It aims to provide clarity and effective thinking on the fate of the humanities, which have faced repeated crises throughout history [4] Group 3 - "The Philosophy of Buddhism" discusses the epistemology of various Buddhist schools, emphasizing the inseparable relationship between Buddhist epistemology and liberation theory [5] - The book aims to reveal the nature of suffering in the world while addressing the practical issue of transitioning from suffering to happiness [5] Group 4 - "Introduction to Political Philosophy" by John Simmons covers major issues such as state legitimacy, political obligation, social justice, democracy, and international political philosophy [8] - The book presents a clear and accessible discussion of these significant philosophical positions, integrating arguments from notable philosophers while offering Simmons's own insights [8] - It serves as a valuable introductory text for those interested in political philosophy [8] Group 5 - "Resilient Cyborgs" by Nelly Oudshoorn explores the relationship between implanted devices like pacemakers and defibrillators and the resilience techniques developed by their users [11] - The book argues against the notion that users of these devices are passive, highlighting the active participation required to maintain life with such technologies [11] - It discusses how these devices impact the process of dying and introduce new vulnerabilities in the body [11] Group 6 - "Permanent Crisis: The Humanities in a Disenchanted Age" examines the ongoing crisis in the humanities, drawing parallels between contemporary and historical challenges faced by humanists [13] - The authors encourage a critical historical perspective to move beyond general concerns and engage in clearer, more effective discussions about the humanities' future [13] Group 7 - "Metaphors We Live By" by George Lakoff and Mark Johnson presents a groundbreaking study on the role of metaphors in human thought and language [17] - The book argues that metaphors are not merely linguistic expressions but fundamental to human cognition, shaping our understanding of various concepts [17] - It explores the implications of metaphorical thinking on our perceptions, behaviors, and interactions with the world [17] Group 8 - "The Hedgehog and the Fox" by Isaiah Berlin analyzes Tolstoy's historical philosophy through the lens of a Greek proverb, distinguishing between two types of thinkers [34] - The book delves into the paradox of Tolstoy's self-perception as a hedgehog while embodying the characteristics of a fox, offering insights into historical understanding and human psychology [34] - This work has been influential and remains relevant in discussions of philosophy and history [34] Group 9 - "Heideggerian Marxism" by Herbert Marcuse compiles eight essays that critically examine historical materialism, dialectics, and the philosophical foundations of the concept of labor [36] - The essays reflect on German philosophy and provide a unique perspective on modernity issues, showcasing Marcuse's depth of thought on Marxist philosophy [36] Group 10 - "La Philosophie Devenue Folle" by Jean-François Braunstein critiques contemporary social issues such as gender fluidity, animal rights, and euthanasia, questioning the implications of these movements [38] - The book discusses how well-intentioned ideas can lead to absurdities and societal divisions, challenging the notion of political correctness in the West [38] - It highlights the need for critical examination of these topics to avoid exacerbating social chaos [38] Group 11 - "The Visible and the Invisible" by Maurice Merleau-Ponty reflects on his earlier phenomenological work and explores new ontological questions [39] - The manuscript, left unfinished due to the author's untimely death, emphasizes the ongoing nature of philosophical inquiry and the mystery of existence [39] - It suggests that true philosophy lies in the continuous process of re-examining the world [39] Group 12 - "Play to Submission" by Wu Tongyu investigates how tech companies in Silicon Valley manipulate engineers' motivations through gamification [41] - The book reveals how the blurring of work and leisure leads to high-intensity work patterns while maintaining creativity, ultimately resulting in burnout [41] - It critiques the hidden intentions behind gamified work environments that exploit labor while presenting an engaging facade [41] Group 13 - "Rewriting the Soul" by Ian Hacking examines the rise of multiple personality disorder in contemporary society, exploring its implications for identity and memory [45] - The book analyzes how societal, cultural, and medical frameworks construct the understanding of mental illness, particularly in the context of multiple personalities [45] - It reflects on the broader questions of self, trauma, and the nature of scientific inquiry [45]