对唯物史观的继承发展 物质文明和精神文明是辩证统一的。两者协调发展符合人类社会演变的历史辩证法，具有历史的必然 性。要以辩证思维把握两者关系，既不脱离物质基础空谈精神建设，也不因物质发展任务繁重而忽视精 神引领，而是在尊重"物质决定精神"这一客观规律的前提下，充分释放精神文明对物质文明的能动作 用，在现代化进程中实现两者协同进步。 习近平总书记近日对精神文明建设工作作出重要指示，强调"物质文明和精神文明相协调，是中国式现 代化的重要特征"。这一重要论述不仅蕴含丰富的理论内涵，而且具有鲜明的实践指向。物质贫困和精 神贫乏均背离社会主义本质规定。中国式现代化不仅重视经济建设的基础性作用，而且重视文化建设的 精神引领作用。这种兼顾物质文明和精神文明的发展范式，实现对"单向度"现代化范式的超越。物质文 明和精神文明相协调，既是对唯物史观的继承发展，又是社会主义现代化的根本要求，同时也是对中国 式现代化进程中如何处理两者关系的明确回答。 习近平总书记高度重视物质文明和精神文明的协调发展，强调"以辩证的、全面的、平衡的观点正确处 理物质文明和精神文明的关系，把精神文明建设贯穿改革开放和现代化全过程"。这体现了唯物辩证法 ...

Group 1 - The core idea of Marxism is to serve as a guide for action rather than a dogmatic formula, emphasizing the need for its principles to be adapted to specific historical contexts [1][2] - Marx and Engels warned against the mechanical application of Marxist theory, advocating for a creative combination of fundamental principles with local realities to address unique social contradictions [1][2] - The challenges faced by Marxism in the late 19th century included misinterpretations by bourgeois scholars and opportunistic factions within the German Social Democratic Party, which distorted the materialist conception of history [2][3] Group 2 - The Social Democratic Alliance in Britain struggled due to leadership's inability to move beyond dogmatism, which hindered the effective application of socialist theory in practice [3] - Marx and Engels identified themselves as "practicing materialists," emphasizing the importance of engaging in local labor struggles to ensure that socialist theory remains relevant and dynamic [3][4] - The adaptability of Marxism to contemporary issues and its evolution in response to new challenges is crucial for its enduring relevance, as demonstrated by its impact on China and the ongoing development of Marxist theory [4]