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“反内卷”如何影响信贷脉冲?
NORTHEAST SECURITIES· 2025-07-24 06:14
Investment Rating - The report maintains an "Outperform" rating for the banking sector, consistent with the previous rating [6]. Core Insights - The impact of the current "anti-involution" trend on credit is expected to be small overall, but slightly greater than the effects observed during the supply-side reform period from 2015 to 2017 [11][12]. - Credit management is a crucial tool for banks in responding to supply-side reforms, primarily through reducing credit exposure to overcapacity industries and refining client lists to limit loan amounts [12][13]. - The report suggests that the current banking environment is facing a credit slowdown, which may amplify the impact of "anti-involution" on credit growth [13]. Summary by Sections Investment Suggestions - The report recommends focusing on banks such as Xiamen Bank, Chongqing Bank, Yucheng Rural Commercial Bank, Shanghai Bank, and Shanghai Agricultural Bank, as well as major state-owned banks [2][57]. Historical Context and Data Analysis - During the supply-side reform period, the year-on-year growth rates of RMB credit were 14%, 13.5%, and 13.5% from 2015 to 2017, with social financing growth rates of 12.5%, 12.6%, and 14.8% respectively, indicating limited impact on credit pulses [12][13]. - The analysis shows that the impact of supply-side reform on credit was less than 1%, with a more significant effect on joint-stock banks compared to state-owned banks [18][22]. Credit Management and Asset Quality - Credit management during the supply-side reform led to a notable increase in non-performing loan (NPL) ratios in overcapacity industries, with a significant rise in overall NPL ratios for listed banks in the second half of 2016 [13][32]. - The report indicates that the "anti-involution" trend may lead to a similar, albeit slightly larger, impact on credit quality compared to the previous reforms, particularly affecting private enterprises more than state-owned ones [11][45]. Industry Trends and Projections - The report highlights that the proportion of private enterprises in the affected industries has increased compared to the supply-side reform period, suggesting that credit control measures may disproportionately impact these firms [45]. - It notes that the current banking sector is experiencing a degree of asset scarcity, which could further exacerbate the effects of credit management policies [45][46].
中国观察-中国的 “反内卷” 行动能否奏效?-China Musings-Can China’s Anti-Involution Drive Deliver
2025-07-24 05:03
Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The discussion centers around China's anti-involution campaign and its implications for supply-side reform, highlighting the complexities and challenges compared to previous reforms from 2015-2018 [2][4][11]. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Policy Signals**: There is a notable increase in policy signals regarding anti-involution, with ongoing discussions among industrial regulators and self-disciplinary associations to address excessive competition [2][3]. 2. **Rhetoric vs. Reforms**: The current anti-involution efforts are characterized by more rhetoric than actual reforms, with a consensus that structural reforms are necessary to address local incentives and shift towards consumption [4][11]. 3. **Market Signals**: The end goal is to enhance the role of market signals in resource allocation, as current competition is hindered by overlooked market dynamics [10]. 4. **Historical Context**: The report cautions against expecting quick outcomes, drawing parallels with past reforms and noting that the current macro environment is more challenging [12][21]. 5. **Deflationary Pressures**: The GDP deflator has been negative for nine consecutive quarters, indicating entrenched deflation, with over 70% of PPI deflation driven by non-commodity goods [13]. 6. **Capacity Management**: The report discusses the need for government-guided, market-oriented mergers and acquisitions to address overcapacity, particularly in sectors like polysilicon [14]. 7. **Gradualism in Policy**: The outlook suggests a gradual approach to reforms rather than immediate, aggressive measures, with limited new cyclical stimulus expected [23][28]. Additional Important Content 1. **Sector-Specific Actions**: Recent actions include the State Council's emphasis on regulating competition in the New Energy Vehicle (NEV) industry and the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology's plans for supply-side reform in key sectors [9]. 2. **Rebalancing Needs**: There is a call for significant reforms in social welfare, cadre evaluation, and fiscal systems to support household consumption and economic stability [25]. 3. **Future Outlook**: The upcoming 15th Five-Year Plan is anticipated to provide more clarity on necessary structural reforms for sustainable anti-involution success [22]. This summary encapsulates the critical points discussed in the conference call, focusing on the implications of China's anti-involution campaign and the necessary reforms for effective supply-side management.
中国:反内卷-应对通缩的良方?Asia Economics-China Anti-Involution – The Antidote to Deflation
2025-07-22 01:59
Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The report focuses on the **Chinese economy**, particularly addressing the **deflation challenge** and the **anti-involution program** aimed at tackling excess capacity and stimulating demand [3][7][12]. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Policy Intent and Action**: Policymakers are reaffirming support for the anti-involution effort, indicating that new policy actions are likely to emerge in response to the deflation challenge [7][10]. 2. **Historical Context**: The current situation is being compared to the **2015-16 supply-side reforms**, which helped the economy exit deflation in September 2016. However, the current cycle is expected to be more prolonged due to structural issues in the property market and trade tensions [7][11]. 3. **Deflation Metrics**: The GDP deflator has been negative for the past nine quarters, and producer prices have been in deflation for 33 months, indicating a significant deflationary environment [8][11]. 4. **Excess Capacity**: A substantial portion of excess capacity (50-90%) is located in the private sector, complicating efforts to boost demand [7][11]. 5. **Demand Challenges**: The structural downturn in the property market and trade tensions are significant barriers to boosting demand, making it more challenging to combat deflation [11][12]. 6. **Consumption Focus**: A sustainable solution to the deflation problem requires a shift towards supporting consumption, particularly through increased social welfare spending aimed at urban migrant workers and the rural poor [12][47]. 7. **Investment Dynamics**: Non-real estate fixed asset investment (FAI) has grown by 26% since 2Q21, with gross investment to GDP remaining elevated at 41%, contrasting with Japan's experience post-bubble [20][27]. 8. **Diminishing Returns**: The current investment push has led to diminishing returns, with the incremental capital output ratio (ICOR) rising to 7.9 in 2025 from 7.3 in 2023 [27][30]. 9. **Demographic Challenges**: Declining population and weaker demographics are expected to hinder property sales and overall economic growth, complicating the deflation battle [27][31]. Important but Overlooked Content 1. **Private Sector Dominance**: Unlike previous cycles where state-owned enterprises (SOEs) dominated, the current overcapacity issues are primarily in private sectors such as solar, EVs, and batteries, complicating coordination for supply-side consolidation [49][50]. 2. **Excess Supply in Key Sectors**: In solar, China's supply is over twice the global demand, and in EV batteries, it is 1.3 times the global demand, indicating severe overcapacity [51][54]. 3. **Historical Lessons**: The report draws parallels with past deflation cycles, emphasizing that both demand recovery and supply-side reforms are necessary to exit deflation sustainably [33][34]. 4. **Global Economic Context**: The report notes that global growth is expected to slow below trend due to trade tensions, which will further impact China's economic recovery [44]. This summary encapsulates the critical insights and arguments presented in the conference call, highlighting the complexities of China's current economic challenges and the multifaceted approach required to address them.
摩根士丹利:中国观察-供给侧改革回归,但这一次更为复杂
摩根· 2025-07-11 02:23
Investment Rating - The report maintains a persistent deflation baseline into 2026, indicating a cautious outlook on the industry [1]. Core Insights - The renewed supply-side reform in China is characterized as "new wine in an old bottle," suggesting that while the initiative is returning, the current industrial landscape and macro environment are more complex than during the previous reform period from 2015 to 2018 [1][3]. - The "anti-involution" initiative launched in July 2024 aims to address excessive competition and overinvestment, with recent signals from leadership indicating a more systematic approach to these challenges [2][3]. - The report highlights that the current overcapacity challenge is different due to several factors, including a more decentralized industrial landscape dominated by private firms and a weaker economy with constrained fiscal space [8][18]. Summary by Sections Introduction - The concept of "involution" has led to the "anti-involution" initiative aimed at sustainable growth and societal well-being [2]. - The initiative is a response to renewed price wars and entrenched deflation, indicating a need for deeper analysis of overinvestment causes [2]. Supply-Side Reform Comparison - The current supply-side reform (Anti-involution 1.0) differs from the previous reform (Supply-side Reform 1.0) in targeted sectors, firm ownership, and the approach to overcapacity [5]. - The current reform focuses on mid-to-downstream sectors and is more nuanced compared to the administrative orders of the past [5]. Economic Context - The report notes that the economy is starting from a weaker position, necessitating demand-side stimulus to counteract supply reductions [8][18]. - High government debt levels (~100% of GDP) may limit the ability to undertake aggressive fiscal expansion [8]. Implementation Challenges - The complexities of the current industrial landscape, including advanced utilized capacity and the dominance of private firms, complicate the coordination of mergers and capacity closures [8][18]. - The report suggests that while there is rhetoric around anti-involution, clear timelines and actionable plans are still lacking, reflecting the complexities in implementation [15][16]. Conclusion - The report concludes that rapid reflation is contingent on demand improvement, contrasting the previous period's reliance on housing and exports [17]. - The renewed focus on anti-involution is seen as a positive step, but the tools available are softer, and the macro backdrop is weaker compared to 2015-2018 [18].