China can’t afford to abandon key iron-ore suppliers because the world’s largest buyer of the raw material is dependent on foreign deliveries of the steelmaking ingredient, according to a top Vale SA executive. https://t.co/uGOJTJ7v2m ...

Eoin Dinsmore +65-6889-2401 | eoin.dinsmore@gs.com Goldman Sachs (Singapore) Pte Daan Struyven +1(212)357-4172 | daan.struyven@gs.com Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC Samantha Dart +1(212)357-9428 | samantha.dart@gs.com Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC Investors should consider this report as only a single factor in making their investment decision. For Reg AC certification and other important disclosures, see the Disclosure Appendix, or go to www.gs.com/research/hedge.html. c45a43530f604d12bcb9a82b5aa6b9f6 28 October 2025 | ...

Core Viewpoint - Fortescue Treasury Pty Ltd has announced an increase in its Tender Offers to purchase up to US$750,000,000 of its outstanding notes, up from the previously announced US$600,000,000 [2][12] Group 1: Tender Offer Details - The Tender Offers are aimed at purchasing cash for up to US$750,000,000 aggregate principal amount of its outstanding series of notes [2] - The tender cap for the 2031 Notes has been raised from US$400,000,000 to US$500,000,000 [5] - The aggregate principal amount of the 2031 Notes validly tendered exceeded the new tender cap, leading to a proration factor of approximately 44% for accepted purchases [6] - The aggregate principal amount of the 2030 Notes and 2031 Notes validly tendered exceeded the Aggregate Maximum Tender Amount, resulting in a proration factor of approximately 50% for the 2030 Notes [7] Group 2: Early Tender Results - As of the Early Tender Date, the total principal amount tendered for the 2031 Notes was US$1,136,212,000, while for the 2030 Notes it was US$499,839,000 [4] - Holders of the 2030 Notes accepted for purchase will receive US$1,045.00 per US$1,000.00 principal amount, while those for the 2031 Notes will receive US$978.75 per US$1,000.00 principal amount [10] - The settlement date for the accepted notes is expected to be October 22, 2025 [10] Group 3: Additional Information - The Tender Offers will expire at 5:00 p.m. New York City time on November 4, 2025, unless extended or terminated earlier [11] - BofA Securities has been appointed as the Dealer Manager for the Tender Offers, with D.F. King & Co., Inc. acting as the Tender and Information Agent [13]

Summary of Key Points from the Conference Call Industry Overview - The conference call primarily discusses the **Iron Ore and Coal** industry, focusing on market trends, production data, and trade dynamics. Core Insights and Arguments 1. **Iron Ore Prices and Market Sentiment** - Iron ore prices have increased to **$109/t**, aligning with other commodities due to improved sentiment from the China Work Plan and Fed rate cut expectations [5][6] - The positioning in the Dalian market shifted from a net short position of approximately **-3Mt** before the Golden Week to a broadly neutral stance [5] 2. **China's Iron Ore Inventory and Shipments** - Iron ore inventories in China are stable at ports and have increased seasonally at mills ahead of the Golden Week [5] - Year-to-date shipments from Brazil and Australia have increased by **3%** and **1%** respectively, while non-traditional supply and domestic production in China remain soft [5] 3. **Steel Production and Exports in China** - Steel production in China slowed seasonally in late September, but the MySteel utilization rate remains high at over **90%** post-Golden Week [5] - China's steel exports reached approximately **120Mtpa** in September, reflecting a **10%** month-over-month increase despite rising trade restrictions [6] 4. **Company Ratings and Free Cash Flow Estimates** - Neutral ratings are maintained for Vale, RIO, BHP, and FMG, with a Sell rating on KIO. Estimated spot 2026 free cash flow yields are **5%** for BHP, **10%** for RIO, and over **15%** for Vale [5] 5. **September Trade Data from China** - Preliminary September trade data indicates a **10%** month-over-month increase in iron ore imports to a record high of **116Mt**, while coal imports decreased by **3%** year-over-year [6] Additional Important Insights 1. **Production Guidance and Performance** - RIO's 3Q production is expected to be **84Mt**, down **1Mt** year-over-year, while BHP's shipments are projected at **69Mt**, down **3Mt** year-over-year [9] - Vale's production is anticipated to increase by **2Mt** year-over-year to **93Mt** in the September quarter [9] 2. **Future Production Estimates** - RIO has trimmed its 2025 guidance by approximately **7Mt** due to weather disruptions, now targeting the lower end of the **323-338Mt** range [9] - BHP's FY26 guidance is set at **284-296Mt**, with FMG targeting **195-205Mt** including contributions from Iron Bridge [9] 3. **Coal Market Dynamics** - Glencore announced a **5-10Mt** curtailment at the Cerrejon thermal coal mine due to weak market conditions, with FY production now estimated at **11-16Mt** [9][12] 4. **Regional Production Trends** - Brazilian iron ore producers, including Vale, are tracking towards the mid-point of their 2025 guidance range of **325-335Mt** [9] - South African and Canadian producers are also adjusting their production estimates based on market conditions and operational performance [11] This summary encapsulates the key points discussed in the conference call, providing insights into the current state and future outlook of the iron ore and coal industries.

Group 1: Company Overview - Transurban Group specializes in managing and developing urban toll road networks across Australia, Canada, and the United States, holding interests in 22 urban motorways including CityLink in Melbourne and the Hills M2 in Sydney [1][2] - Fortescue Ltd is a leading iron ore production and exploration company, primarily focusing on iron ore production with over 190 million tonnes shipped annually, and expanding exploration efforts for key materials such as copper, rare earths, and lithium [3][4] Group 2: Financial Metrics - For FY24, Transurban Group reported a debt/equity ratio of 175.1%, indicating high leverage, with an average dividend yield of 3.6% over the last 5 years and a return on equity (ROE) of 3.0% [5][6][7] - Fortescue Ltd reported a debt/equity ratio of 27.6% in FY24, indicating more equity than debt, with an average dividend yield of 10.5% since 2019 and an ROE of 30.2% [7]

Key TakeawaysGlobal markets reacted sharply to renewed US-China trade tensions, with Korean stocks (KOSPI) falling over 2% and Chinese equities tumbling, while gold surged past $4,000 per ounce to a record high on safe-haven demand.UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer arrived in Egypt for a summit aimed at finalizing a US-brokered peace agreement to end the Gaza conflict, which includes a potential Israel-Hamas hostage exchange.Tesla (TSLA) introduced lower-priced Model Y variants in Europe, aiming to boost sales ...

China is throwing its weight around in the iron ore market, but its dominant position may start eroding from here, say @cangsizhi and @kathgemm https://t.co/uq5gnesg4t ...

A price dispute between mining giant BHP Group and China’s state-run iron ore buyer risks dragging on for months, and even into early 2026, as both sides remain locked in stalemate. https://t.co/QwC2MrmutY ...

Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese says China’s ban on new iron ore cargoes from BHP Group is “disappointing” and he wants the issue to be resolved quickly https://t.co/0bBYfTRb1u ...

China’s state-run iron ore trader tells the country’s steel mills to temporarily stop using a popular product from BHP after talks on contracts falter https://t.co/FglxfSM47e ...