Core Viewpoint - The "Media+" training program is enhancing the quality development of the Guangdong livestock industry by integrating media strategies with industry practices, focusing on brand building, market promotion, and future industry trends [5][10][11]. Group 1: Training Program Impact - The third phase of the "Media+" training attracted over 300,000 online participants, following the success of previous sessions that engaged over a million learners [4][6]. - The training emphasized key topics such as brand image creation, market promotion strategies, and the future of the industry, facilitating in-depth discussions and practical training [5][6]. Group 2: Media's Role in Industry Development - "Media+" is not just a communication tool but a core engine driving industry upgrades, promoting sales connections, and achieving value reconstruction [10][11]. - The training highlighted the importance of leveraging media platforms to enhance the visibility and credibility of Guangdong livestock products, thereby building a national brand image for "Yue Mu You Pin" [38][41]. Group 3: Market Trends and Consumer Insights - The training addressed the growing demand for pre-prepared dishes among the Z generation, emphasizing the need for innovative marketing strategies such as short video platforms and live streaming [15][16]. - Data from a report indicated that over 88% of B-end buyers and 82% of C-end consumers are likely to use AI search tools to inquire about livestock products, underscoring the importance of digital marketing [82][84]. Group 4: Technological Integration - The integration of AI in the livestock industry is projected to grow significantly, with the market expected to reach 18 billion RMB by 2025, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of approximately 15% [106][107]. - The training underscored the necessity for traditional livestock enterprises to adopt AI technologies to enhance production processes and marketing effectiveness [33][34][102]. Group 5: Future Directions - The "Media+" initiative is seen as a key to unlocking new opportunities for the Guangdong livestock industry, facilitating a transition from traditional practices to modern, international standards [92][93]. - The training provided insights into how to effectively combine cultural elements with product marketing to enhance brand appeal and market penetration [55][77].

Group 1: Pig Farming Industry - In August, the national pig prices declined for four consecutive weeks, and the trend continues into September with a 10% increase in demand compared to the previous month, yet prices are still falling due to high supply and concentrated market releases [1][3] - The cost of pig farming in the region is approximately 7.1 yuan per kilogram, leading farmers to implement cost-cutting and refined management strategies to mitigate risks from low prices [5] - According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the national pig price in the second week of September 2025 was 14.1 yuan per kilogram, reflecting a 1.3% decrease month-on-month and a 29.7% decrease year-on-year [7] Group 2: Seafood Industry - The first batch of seafood from the East China Sea has arrived at the port after the opening of the fishing season, with fresh catches being quickly transported to markets [8][10] - The seafood supply is expected to increase as the fishing season progresses, leading to a stable or declining price trend for common seafood varieties [12] - In Fujian Province, large yellow croaker is being harvested with an expected total yield of over 1,000 tons, supported by intelligent farming platforms that monitor water quality and provide real-time data [13][15][17] - In Jiangsu Province, the opening of fishing has resulted in a significant drop in seafood prices, with some varieties like crab and fish seeing price reductions of 30% to 50% compared to pre-season levels [18][21]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating - Investment rating for both the pig and egg sectors: Cautiously bearish [2][5] 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report - In the short - term, the pattern of strong supply and weak demand in the pig market is difficult to change. However, in the medium and long - term, attention should be paid to the reduction of pig production capacity and national policy changes. For the egg market, short - term consumption demand is strong due to the double festivals, but the impact of cold - storage eggs entering the market should be monitored [2][4] 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs Pig Market Market News and Important Data - Futures: The closing price of the live pig 2511 contract was 13,000 yuan/ton, a change of - 160.00 yuan/ton (- 1.22%) from the previous trading day. - Spot: In Henan, the price of external ternary live pigs was 12.94 yuan/kg, a change of - 0.23 yuan/kg; in Jiangsu, it was 13.21 yuan/kg, a change of - 0.18 yuan/kg; in Sichuan, it was 12.66 yuan/kg, a change of - 0.10 yuan/kg. - Wholesale prices: On September 17, the "Agricultural Product Wholesale Price 200 Index" was 117.87, down 0.13 points from the previous day. The average wholesale price of pork was 19.73 yuan/kg, down 0.8% [1] Market Analysis - The weight - reducing slaughter of large - scale pig farms has weakened the festival's boosting effect. In the short - term, the supply - demand imbalance persists, while long - term factors include the reduction of sow production capacity and policy changes [2] Strategy - Cautiously bearish [2] Egg Market Market News and Important Data - Futures: The closing price of the egg 2511 contract was 3116 yuan/500 kilograms, a change of + 3.00 yuan (+ 0.10%) from the previous trading day. - Spot: In Liaoning, the egg price was 3.60 yuan/jin; in Shandong, it was 3.85 yuan/jin; in Hebei, it was 3.53 yuan/jin. - Inventory: On September 17, 2025, the national production - link inventory was 0.5 days, unchanged from the previous day, and the circulation - link inventory was 0.74 days, an increase of 0.14 days (23.33%) [3] Market Analysis - After the egg price increase, terminal consumption and trading are smooth, and inventory is being cleared. Overall demand is still strong due to the festivals, but the impact of cold - storage eggs entering the market should be noted [4] Strategy - Cautiously bearish [5]

Group 1 - Pork stocks experienced a decline in the afternoon trading session on September 18, with Bangji Technology dropping over 5% [2] - Aonong Biological and Tiankang Biological both fell by more than 4% [2] - Zhenghong Technology and Xinwufeng also followed the downward trend [2]

Report Industry Investment Ratings No relevant content provided. Core Views of the Report - The Fed cut the benchmark interest rate by 25 basis points to 4.00%-4.25%, in line with market expectations, and restarted the interest rate cut cycle. There are still differences on whether the Fed will complete three interest rate cuts this year, and the future interest rate cut rhythm is not clear [1][2]. - The RMB exchange rate has achieved the "three - price integration" of the central parity rate, the spot exchange rate, and market expectations, and is expected to fluctuate around 7.10 in the short term [2]. - The stock index may face callback pressure due to the fulfillment of the positive news of the Fed's interest rate cut, but the downside space is limited due to policy expectations, and it is expected to turn into a shock after the callback [3]. - The bond market was less affected by the Fed's interest rate cut. There is a low expectation of domestic interest rate cuts, but the central bank may use other tools to inject liquidity, and long positions can be bought on dips [4]. - The near - month contracts of the container shipping index have fallen as expected, and it is recommended to wait and see in the short term [5]. - Precious metals are undergoing high - level adjustments. The medium - to - long - term trend may be bullish, but there is significant short - term adjustment pressure [6]. - The copper price has fallen after the Fed's interest rate cut, and its fundamentals do not support further strengthening [8][9]. - The aluminum price is expected to be volatile and bullish in the short term, while alumina is expected to be weak, and cast aluminum alloy is expected to be volatile and bullish [11][12][13]. - The zinc price fluctuates at the bottom, with the supply in an oversupply state and the demand remaining to be observed [15]. - The prices of nickel and stainless steel follow the macro - level guidance and are expected to be volatile [16]. - The tin price is expected to fluctuate around 274,000 yuan per ton [17]. - The lead price is expected to be in a high - level shock in the short term [18]. - The steel price may face a callback due to the weakening of macro - drivers and the lack of upward drivers in the fundamentals [21]. - The iron ore price is expected to fluctuate, with the market in a tight - balance state [22]. - It is recommended to pay attention to the 1 - 5 reverse spread of coking coal and coke, and they are not recommended as short - allocation varieties in the black series [23][24]. - It is recommended to try long positions in ferrosilicon and ferromanganese at the cost - line level [24][25]. - The oil price is expected to continue to run in a narrow range in the short term, and short - selling opportunities after the price rebounds should be grasped [28]. - The LPG price is expected to be volatile [29]. - PX - TA is expected to be volatile and bullish due to frequent maintenance rumors on the supply side [29][30][31]. - Ethylene glycol is expected to be in a range - bound state, and it is recommended to wait and see and look for short - selling opportunities on rallies [33][34]. - It is recommended to reduce long positions in methanol [35]. - The PP price has cost support in the short term, and it is recommended to go long on dips [36][37]. - The PE price is expected to be in a shock pattern, with limited upward and downward space [40]. - It is recommended to wait and see for PVC [42]. - Pure benzene and styrene are expected to be in a shock state, and it is recommended to wait and see [43][44]. - It is recommended to try short - selling the cracking profit of fuel oil [44]. - It is recommended to try short - selling the far - month high - low sulfur spread of low - sulfur fuel oil [45]. - It is recommended to try long - allocation for asphalt [45]. - The urea price is expected to fluctuate between 1650 - 1850, and it is recommended to pay attention to the 1 - 5 reverse spread opportunity [46]. - The soda ash price is in a pattern of strong supply and weak demand, and the market is expected to be volatile [47]. - The glass price lacks a clear trend, and it is recommended to conduct range trading [48]. - The caustic soda price is expected to follow the spot rhythm, and attention should be paid to the peak season performance and downstream inventory - building enthusiasm [50]. - The pulp price is expected to be in a shock state, and investors should pay attention to inflation stickiness, economic data, and the Fed's policy rhythm [50]. Summaries According to Relevant Catalogs Financial Futures Macro - The Fed cut interest rates by 25 basis points as expected, emphasizing the downward risk of employment and an increase in inflation. It is expected to cut interest rates twice this year and once next year. The market focuses on the Fed's easing expectations, personnel adjustments, and independence issues, as well as precious metal tariff policies [1][6]. - The Canadian central bank also cut interest rates by 25 basis points as expected [1][2]. - The Chinese government attaches increasing importance to the consumption sector, and more policies in the livelihood field are expected to be introduced. The economic growth rate continued to slow down in August, with a significant weakening in the investment sector and a narrowing decline in the consumption growth rate [1]. RMB Exchange Rate - The RMB has achieved the "three - price integration", and is expected to fluctuate around 7.10 in the short term. Enterprises with import and foreign exchange purchase needs are advised to lock in exchange rate costs through forward contracts, and settlement enterprises can conduct spot settlement at the upper edge of the exchange rate range [2]. Stock Index - The Fed's interest rate cut of 25 basis points was in line with expectations. After the interest rate cut, the bond yield and the US dollar index first declined and then rose. The stock index may face callback pressure due to the fulfillment of positive news, but the downside space is limited, and it is expected to turn into a shock after the callback [3]. Treasury Bond - The bond market was less affected by the Fed's interest rate cut. There is a low expectation of domestic interest rate cuts, but the central bank may use other tools to inject liquidity. Long positions can be bought on dips, and attention should be paid to the central bank's actions [4]. Container Shipping - The near - month contracts of the container shipping index have fallen as expected. The 10 - contract long positions at high levels can be held, and it is recommended to wait and see. The 12 - contract can pay attention to the low - buying opportunities at 1550 - 1600 points [5]. Commodities Non - ferrous Metals - **Gold & Silver**: Precious metals are undergoing high - level adjustments. The medium - to - long - term trend may be bullish, but there is significant short - term adjustment pressure. It is recommended to buy on dips and hold existing long positions cautiously [6][8]. - **Copper**: The copper price has fallen after the Fed's interest rate cut. Its fundamentals do not support further strengthening, and it is recommended to sell out - of - the - money put options [8][9]. - **Aluminum Industry Chain**: The aluminum price is expected to be volatile and bullish in the short term, alumina is expected to be weak, and cast aluminum alloy is expected to be volatile and bullish. It is recommended to short alumina at high prices [11][12][13]. - **Zinc**: The zinc price fluctuates at the bottom, with the supply in an oversupply state and the demand remaining to be observed. It is recommended to wait and see the LME inventory approaching the extreme value or sell out - of - the - money put options [15]. - **Nickel, Stainless Steel**: The prices of nickel and stainless steel follow the macro - level guidance and are expected to be volatile [16]. - **Tin**: The tin price is expected to fluctuate around 274,000 yuan per ton, and it is recommended to sell out - of - the - money put options [17]. - **Lead**: The lead price is expected to be in a high - level shock in the short term, with the supply relatively weak and the demand general [18]. Black Metals - **Rebar and Hot - Rolled Coil**: The steel price may face a callback due to the weakening of macro - drivers and the lack of upward drivers in the fundamentals, but the hot - rolled coil's apparent demand is relatively good, and there is still some expectation for the traditional peak - season demand [21]. - **Iron Ore**: The iron ore price is expected to fluctuate, with the market in a tight - balance state, and the inventory shows a pattern of strong overseas and weak domestic [22]. - **Coking Coal and Coke**: It is recommended to pay attention to the 1 - 5 reverse spread of coking coal and coke, and they are not recommended as short - allocation varieties in the black series. The coal and coke market may be affected by macro - sentiment, and attention should be paid to downstream inventory replenishment before the National Day [23][24]. - **Ferrosilicon and Ferromanganese**: It is recommended to try long positions in ferrosilicon and ferromanganese at the cost - line level, as their production profit is declining and the supply pressure may decrease [24][25]. Energy and Chemicals - **Crude Oil**: The oil price is expected to continue to run in a narrow range in the short term, and short - selling opportunities after the price rebounds should be grasped. The price is affected by multiple factors such as geopolitics, supply, EIA reports, and the Fed's interest rate meeting [28]. - **LPG**: The LPG price is expected to be volatile, with the supply remaining loose and the demand showing a seasonal decline [29]. - **PTA - PX**: PX - TA is expected to be volatile and bullish due to frequent maintenance rumors on the supply side. The polyester peak - season expectation is limited, and it is recommended to wait and see in the short term and expand the processing margin of the PTA01 contract below 280 [29][30][31]. - **MEG - Bottle Chip**: Ethylene glycol is expected to be in a range - bound state, and it is recommended to wait and see and look for short - selling opportunities on rallies. The supply lacks elasticity, and the downward space is limited [33][34]. - **Methanol**: It is recommended to reduce long positions in methanol due to the large port pressure and the difficulty in resolving the 01 contract contradiction [35]. - **PP**: The PP price has cost support in the short term, and it is recommended to go long on dips as the supply pressure is relieved and the demand is in the recovery stage [36][37]. - **PE**: The PE price is expected to be in a shock pattern, with limited upward and downward space, as the demand recovery is slow and the inventory removal is slow [40]. - **PVC**: It is recommended to wait and see for PVC due to the weak domestic demand, high inventory, and the influence of macro - factors such as fiscal and monetary policies and anti - involution hype [42]. - **Pure Benzene and Styrene**: Pure benzene and styrene are expected to be in a shock state, and it is recommended to wait and see. Their fundamentals are still weak, and they mainly follow the cost - side fluctuations [43][44]. - **Fuel Oil**: It is recommended to try short - selling the cracking profit of fuel oil. The supply is expected to increase slowly, and the demand is stable [44]. - **Low - Sulfur Fuel Oil**: It is recommended to try short - selling the far - month high - low sulfur spread of low - sulfur fuel oil. The supply is relatively abundant, and the demand is weak [45]. - **Asphalt**: It is recommended to try long - allocation for asphalt. The supply is increasing, the demand is affected by rainfall, and the inventory is being removed. It may have a chance to rise in the future driven by the peak - season demand [45]. - **Urea**: The urea price is expected to fluctuate between 1650 - 1850, and it is recommended to pay attention to the 1 - 5 reverse spread opportunity. The domestic supply is abundant, and the demand is weak, but the second - batch export may provide some support [46]. - **Glass, Soda Ash, and Caustic Soda** - **Soda Ash**: The soda ash price is in a pattern of strong supply and weak demand, with high inventory limiting the price increase. The market is expected to be volatile, and attention should be paid to the new production capacity of Yuanxing Phase II [47]. - **Glass**: The glass price lacks a clear trend, with high inventory and weak demand restricting the price increase. The supply may have a slight increase, and attention should be paid to the supply - side ignition expectation, cost - side coal price, and demand seasonality [48]. - **Caustic Soda**: The caustic soda price is expected to follow the spot rhythm, with the supply fluctuating due to normal maintenance, the cost remaining stable, and the non - aluminum downstream demand expected to recover seasonally [50]. - **Paper Pulp**: The pulp price is expected to be in a shock state. The Fed's interest rate cut is a "preventive interest rate cut" dominated by the cooling of the employment market. Investors should pay attention to inflation stickiness, economic data, and the Fed's policy rhythm [50].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the impact of the EU anti-dumping measures on the prices of imported pork products in China, highlighting significant price increases for imported ribs, heads, and feet, while domestic pork prices remain low due to oversupply and weak demand [1] Group 1: Price Trends - In early September 2025, the price of imported ribs surged, with a maximum daily increase of 4000 yuan per ton due to the EU's anti-dumping ruling [1] - Domestic fresh and frozen pork prices are at record lows, with oversupply in the market leading to a decline in prices [1] - As of September 16, 2025, domestic pork prices are expected to remain low, with a potential slight rebound towards the end of the month due to the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day [1] Group 2: Supply and Demand Dynamics - The domestic pork supply is currently abundant, with demand weakening after the back-to-school and Zhongyuan Festival stocking periods [1] - The fourth quarter is anticipated to see a slight increase in domestic fresh pork prices due to the seasonal demand and an increase in suitable weight pig sources [1] - Import volumes for pork and by-products are expected to remain high, with a reported 626,400 tons of pork imported from January to July 2025, a 4.11% increase compared to the same period last year [1]

Report Summary 1. Report Industry Investment Rating No information provided. 2. Core Viewpoint - The report suggests that the pig price will experience a period of volatile adjustment. The supply of pigs is expected to increase gradually until December, which will limit significant price increases. However, the price difference between 150Kg pigs and standard pigs is expected to strengthen seasonally, providing some support to the pig price. If the price remains weak, a negative cycle may form, but the pig price may rebound at the end of the year. In this case, an inverse spread strategy between the 11 - 01 contracts can be considered [4]. 3. Summary by Relevant Catalogs 3.1 Market Dynamics - On September 17, the registered warehouse receipts of live pigs were 428 lots. The short - term spot price has limited room for further decline, and attention should be paid to the change in the slaughter weight of live pigs. The main contract of live pigs (LH2511) added 9,219 lots in positions today, with a total position of about 94,100 lots. The highest price was 13,160 yuan/ton, the lowest was 12,995 yuan/ton, and it closed at 13,000 yuan/ton [2]. 3.2 Fundamental Analysis - From the perspective of the inventory of breeding sows, the supply of live pigs is expected to increase monthly from March to December, but the increase is limited. Based on the piglet data, the slaughter volume of live pigs will generally increase in the third and fourth quarters of 2025. The consumption in the second half of the year is better than that in the first half. Historically, the price difference between fat pigs and standard pigs may strengthen. The market has both bearish and bullish logics. The bearish factors include slow and difficult weight reduction by farmers, continuous increase in subsequent slaughter volume, and limited demand support for pig prices in September and October. The bullish factors include weight reduction by farmers benefiting the future market, improved consumption after the weather turns cool, and limited increase in subsequent slaughter volume [3]. 3.3 Strategy Suggestion - The view is that the market will be in a volatile adjustment phase. The core logic is that, based on sow and piglet data, the slaughter volume of live pigs may increase monthly until December, making it difficult for pig prices to rise significantly under sufficient supply. The price difference between 150Kg pigs and standard pigs has stabilized and rebounded, and it is expected to continue to strengthen seasonally, which will weaken farmers' willingness to reduce weight and support pig prices. If the weak price continues, a negative cycle may form. If this cycle occurs, the pig price is expected to rebound at the end of the year, and an inverse spread strategy between the 11 - 01 contracts can be considered (for reference only, not an investment recommendation) [4]. 3.4 Market Overview - On September 17, the national average live pig slaughter price was 12.95 yuan/kg, a decrease of 0.13 yuan/kg or 0.99% from the previous day. The slaughter price in Henan was 13.04 yuan/kg, a decrease of 0.15 yuan/kg or 1.14%. In Sichuan, it was 12.64 yuan/kg, a decrease of 0.1 yuan/kg or 0.78%. Among the futures prices, the 01 contract was 13,510 yuan/ton, a decrease of 170 yuan/ton or 1.24%; the 03 contract remained unchanged at 13,005 yuan/ton; the 05 contract was 13,550 yuan/ton, an increase of 20 yuan/ton or 0.15%; the 07 contract was 14,300 yuan/ton, an increase of 60 yuan/ton or 0.42%; the 09 contract was 12,985 yuan/ton, a decrease of 115 yuan/ton or 0.88%; the 11 contract was 13,000 yuan/ton, a decrease of 160 yuan/ton or 1.22%. The main basis in Henan was 40 yuan/ton, an increase of 10 yuan/ton or 33.33% [6]. 3.5 Key Data Tracking No detailed summary information provided other than the display of data charts, including the closing prices of futures contracts in the past 180 days, the basis of the main live pig contract in Henan, the price difference between 11 - 01 contracts, and the price difference between 01 - 03 contracts [14].

Core Viewpoint - The current market for live pigs is characterized by an oversupply situation, with prices near the cost of self-breeding and raising, leading to a support for prices due to retail reluctance to sell at low prices and demand from the upcoming holidays [1][3]. Group 1: Market Overview - In September, supply has concentrated, leading to significant pressure from oversupply, while demand has shown limited recovery, causing a continuous decline in pig prices [3]. - As of September 16, the average price for live pigs was 12.96 yuan/kg, down 0.35 yuan/kg from the previous week, indicating a weak price trend due to increased supply and insufficient demand [4][12]. - The average price for piglets was 25.11 yuan/kg, down 1.81 yuan/kg from the previous week, reflecting a pessimistic outlook from the breeding sector regarding future prices [4][12]. Group 2: Supply and Demand Dynamics - The supply of breeding sows remains high, with a stable inventory of 40.42 million sows as of July 2025, indicating that production capacity is still above normal levels [11]. - As of August 2025, the inventory of breeding sows in large-scale farms was 5.0565 million, showing a slight decrease of 0.83% month-on-month but a year-on-year increase of 1.86% [12]. - The operating rate of key slaughter enterprises was 31.89% as of September 16, showing a slight recovery, but the overall demand remains weak, particularly with the overlapping of the Mid-Autumn Festival and National Day [22]. Group 3: Price and Profitability Analysis - The prices of feed ingredients have continued to decline slightly, with corn averaging 2365.29 yuan/ton and soybean meal at 3067.14 yuan/ton as of September 16 [24]. - The profitability for self-breeding and raising has dropped to 21.12 yuan per head, while losses for externally purchased piglets have increased to 194.81 yuan per head, indicating a challenging environment for pig farming [25].

Core Insights - Recent market trends indicate a significant decline in prices across various sectors, including real estate, automobiles, home appliances, and food products, suggesting a potential consumer opportunity [1][10]. Real Estate Market - As of August 2025, the average price of second-hand residential properties in 100 cities in China is 13,856 yuan per square meter, reflecting a month-on-month decrease of 0.35% and a year-on-year decrease of 2.7%, marking the ninth consecutive month of decline [1][4]. - The decline in housing prices is attributed to changes in supply-demand dynamics and demographic shifts, with a notable decrease in the birth rate leading to reduced housing demand [4]. - As of July 2025, the inventory of commercial housing in China stands at approximately 580 million square meters, which is historically high, prompting developers to adopt price reduction strategies to accelerate cash flow [4]. Automotive Market - In July 2025, retail sales of passenger vehicles in China reached 1.775 million units, showing a year-on-year increase of 4.2% but a month-on-month decline of 8.3% [5]. - Over 20 major automotive manufacturers have implemented price cuts on various models, with reductions typically ranging from 10,000 to 30,000 yuan for mid-range vehicles and exceeding 50,000 yuan for some high-end models [5][6]. - The automotive price decline is driven by overcapacity, inventory buildup, and intensified competition, particularly in the electric vehicle sector, where market growth has slowed [5][6]. Home Appliance Market - Average retail prices for major home appliances, including televisions, refrigerators, and washing machines, decreased by 7.6% year-on-year in July and August 2025, with some small appliances seeing price drops of over 15% [7]. - The decline in appliance prices is primarily due to weak demand and inventory pressures, with the retail market for home appliances experiencing a 3.8% year-on-year decline in sales revenue in the first half of 2025 [7]. - Lower raw material costs, particularly for copper and aluminum, have also contributed to the reduction in appliance prices, with copper prices down approximately 12% and aluminum prices down about 8% since the beginning of 2025 [7][8]. Food Market - The average wholesale price of pork in China was 17.8 yuan per kilogram in August 2025, reflecting a month-on-month decrease of 9.6% and a year-on-year decrease of 22.3% [8]. - The drop in pork prices is attributed to an increase in supply due to expanded production by farmers in response to previous high prices, alongside a decrease in feed costs [8][10]. Consumer Implications - The current price reductions across these sectors present a rare consumer opportunity, particularly for those looking to purchase homes, vehicles, or appliances [10]. - Consumers are advised to make informed purchasing decisions based on their actual needs and financial situations, rather than succumbing to impulsive buying due to promotional activities [13].

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