新华财经北京11月15日电（记者胡喆） 记者从中国科学院获悉，中国空间站第九批空间科学实验样品 随神舟二十一号飞船顺利返回。本次下行返回的科学实验样品涉及26个实验项目，包括9种生命实验样 品、32种材料实验样品和3种燃烧实验样品，总重量约46.67公斤。 （文章来源：新华社） 除实验小鼠之外，其他生命类科学实验样品如斑马鱼和金鱼藻、链霉菌、涡虫、脑类器官等，及部分材 料类、燃烧类科学实验样品，于11月15日凌晨0时40分转运至北京的中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中 心。 作为空间应用系统总体单位，中国科学院空间应用中心对返回的实验样品状态进行检查确认后，交付科 学家开展后续研究。其余的材料类、燃烧类科学实验样品后续将随神舟二十一号飞船返回舱运抵北京。 其中，小鼠实验样品着陆后，科研人员随即开展了现场处置。他们将通过观察小鼠的行为，并检测其生 理生化等关键指标，初步解析小鼠对空间环境的应激响应与适应性变化规律，为进一步理解空间环境对 生命体的影响提供科学依据。 ...

Core Points - The ninth batch of scientific experiment samples from the Chinese space station has successfully returned with the Shenzhou 21 spacecraft [1] - The returned samples include 26 experimental projects, comprising 9 types of life experiments, 32 types of material experiments, and 3 types of combustion experiments, with a total weight of approximately 46.67 kilograms [1] - The research team will analyze the behavior and physiological biochemical indicators of the returned mouse samples to understand their stress responses and adaptive changes to the space environment [1] Summary by Category Life Experiments - The life experiment samples include mice, zebrafish, and other organisms, which will be studied to provide scientific evidence on the impact of space environments on living organisms [1] - The immediate post-landing processing of mouse samples has begun, focusing on behavioral observation and physiological analysis [1] Material and Combustion Experiments - The returned samples also consist of various material and combustion experiment samples, which will be transported to the Chinese Academy of Sciences for further research [1] - The materials and combustion samples will be delivered to scientists after inspection by the Space Application Center [1]

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the successful implementation and ongoing development of the Meridian Project, which focuses on monitoring and forecasting space weather to ensure the safety of spacecraft and the stability of high-tech systems [1][3]. Group 1: Project Overview - The Meridian Project, officially known as the "Ground-based Comprehensive Monitoring Network for Space Environment," aims to monitor changes in the solar-terrestrial environment and enhance China's capabilities in space weather research and application [3][4]. - The project has established a comprehensive monitoring network consisting of 31 stations and 282 monitoring devices, making it the most extensive and capable ground-based monitoring network for space environment internationally [4][5]. Group 2: Technological Innovations - The project has faced challenges in acquiring large equipment and advanced technologies, leading to increased efforts in independent research and development [2]. - Innovations include the development of a large-aperture laser radar system in Hainan, which utilizes metastable helium atoms to monitor the upper atmosphere over thousands of kilometers [2]. Group 3: Future Plans - The project aims to implement the International Meridian Circle Scientific Program, establishing a complete monitoring chain from 120 degrees East to 60 degrees West, facilitating all-latitude and all-weather observations of the solar-terrestrial environment [5]. - The goal is to provide scientific support for global responses to space weather disasters and the peaceful utilization of outer space [5].

Group 1: Space Life Science Experiments - The eighth batch of scientific samples from the Chinese space station includes 25 experimental projects, weighing approximately 37.25 kilograms, covering fields such as space life science, materials science, and new technologies [1] - The returned life science samples consist of 20 categories, including bone cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, early embryos of humans and animals, protein samples, and fruit flies, marking the largest variety of biological samples in the space station's application and development phase [1][2] Group 2: Research and Analysis Plans - Scientists will conduct morphological detection, cell lineage analysis, structural analysis, and multi-omics analysis on the returned samples, focusing on mechanisms affecting bone loss, stem cell growth in microgravity, and early embryonic development under space conditions [2] - The research results are expected to provide data and theoretical support for human health both in space and on Earth [2] Group 3: Space Materials Science Experiments - The materials science samples, which will be transported back to Beijing, include 22 types across 4 categories, such as tungsten-based ultra-high temperature alloys and high-strength steel [3] - Future analyses will investigate the effects of microgravity on material growth, composition segregation, solidification defects, and performance, supporting the design of new high-performance alloys and large-sized crystals [3] - The research aims to advance the manufacturing and application of critical materials for next-generation aerospace turbine blades, nano-electronic devices, and flexible solar sails, providing a theoretical foundation for future deep space exploration and human space activities [3]

Core Points - The eighth batch of space science experiment samples has successfully returned to Earth with the Shenzhou 19 crew, involving 25 experimental projects across various fields [1][3] - The total weight of the returned samples is approximately 37.25 kilograms [3] Group 1: Life Science Experiments - The delivered samples primarily consist of life science experiments, including bone cells, bronchial epithelial cells, early embryos of humans and animals, protein samples, and fruit flies, totaling 20 categories [6][8] - These life science samples were prioritized for transport due to their biological activity requirements, marking the largest variety of biological samples returned from the space station [6] Group 2: Fruit Fly Experiments - A notable experiment involved fruit flies that successfully bred in space, achieving "four generations" under microgravity and low magnetic field conditions [11][15] - Fruit flies are significant model organisms in genetic research, with 75% of human disease genes having homologs in fruit flies, contributing to six Nobel Prizes in related studies [13] Group 3: Material Science Experiments - The materials science samples, including high-strength steel and lunar soil reinforcement materials, will be transported back to Beijing for further research [19] - The ongoing research aims to provide important theoretical foundations and technical support for future deep space exploration and human space activities [19]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the introduction of planarians, a flatworm with remarkable regenerative abilities, into the Chinese space station for scientific experiments [1] - Planarians have been used in biological research for over 520 million years and can regenerate various body parts, including muscles, skin, intestines, and even the brain, which is significant for understanding aging and regeneration mechanisms [1] - The Chinese space station will utilize a "small universal biological culture module" within the "life ecology experiment cabinet" to study the effects of the space environment on planarian regeneration and physiological behavior [1] Group 2 - Previous experiments in the Chinese space station involved zebrafish and fruit flies, which are important model organisms for life sciences research due to their genetic similarities to humans and established research history [2] - Zebrafish, with over 70% genetic similarity to humans, were sent to the space station in April 2024 to study the impact of microgravity on vertebrate muscle and bone proteins [2] - Fruit flies, used for over a century in research, were sent in November 2024 to investigate their growth, movement characteristics, and biological rhythms under microgravity and low magnetic environments, providing insights for future human exploration of the Moon and Mars [2]