有色金属：寻找有色中的低洼地 20250928 摘要 有色金属行情或提前启动：10 月订单饱满，下游需求未受价格压制，刚 果金和紫金矿山供给扰动预计持续一年以上，支撑有色金属价格。 铜供需格局转变：Grasberg 铜矿大幅减产，预计 2025 年 Q4 铜市从平 衡转为短缺，2026 年减产超 40 万吨，叠加低库存，预计铜价 2025 年 Q4 常态化运行于 1 万美元/吨以上，2026 年或冲击 1.2 万美元/吨。 铝需求保持强劲：高频数据显示 Q4 订单良好，重点下游企业铝订单稳 定。预计未来一年全球电解铝供给增速低于需求增速，市场将呈现短缺 状态，2026 年铝价或冲击 23,000 元以上，吨铝毛利有望提升。 白银投资机会凸显：加息周期结束后，经济企稳及流动性释放将推动白 银价格上涨。铜价提前启动上行周期也可能带动白银价格提前上涨，未 来一年内白银涨幅或居金属前列。 黄金价格长期震荡上行：主流货币信用体系下降及逆全球化背景下，央 行和金融机构将增加黄金配置。预计 2025 年 4-8 月金价交易中枢将上 移至 3,500-3,600 美元，等待下一次催化事件。 Q&A 请介绍一下当前有色金属市场 ...

Summary of Key Points from Conference Call Industry Overview - The current cycle for the non-ferrous metals industry is at the brink of a new upward trend, positioned at the tail end of an economic downturn. Global economic data suggests a potential bottoming out and stabilization in major economies next year, which could lead to a new liquidity easing cycle, typically resulting in commodity prices entering a trend upward within two months [2][5]. Key Insights on Cobalt and Silver - Cobalt and silver are prioritized as investment choices due to their potential for significant price increases. Cobalt, primarily sourced from the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), accounts for approximately 76% of global supply. Export restrictions since February 2023 are expected to tighten supply, with historical price surges exceeding 200% during similar conditions. Current cobalt prices are around 270,000 CNY, with projections to rise to 350,000 CNY or even above 400,000 CNY [6][7]. - Silver is viewed as a precious metal with considerable upside potential. The current market for silver is relatively restrained, but as the economy stabilizes and demand increases, silver is expected to show greater elasticity. The gold-silver ratio is currently around 85, with expectations to correct to below 60, indicating a potential price increase of over 50% for silver [6][8]. Supply-Side Disturbances - Supply-side disturbances have significantly impacted the non-ferrous metals market, with various restrictions leading to price increases for metals like copper, aluminum, tungsten, and rare earths. Factors include policy export controls, smelting area restrictions, and decreased logistics efficiency due to global fragmentation [3][5]. Cobalt Market Dynamics - The cobalt market is entering a phase of sustained supply-demand tension, with expectations of a continuous shortfall starting in 2025. The strategic nature of cobalt, along with its current market conditions, positions it similarly to rare earths and tungsten as a critical investment [7][10]. Silver Market Characteristics - The silver market exhibits distinct phase characteristics. During periods of economic weakness, the gold-silver ratio tends to hover around 90. However, with economic recovery, industrial demand is expected to significantly improve the ratio, leading to substantial price increases for silver [8][11]. Investment Strategies - For cobalt, focus on companies involved in copper-cobalt or nickel-copper mining, such as Luoyang Molybdenum, which has a production estimate of 110,000 to 120,000 tons for 2024. Despite potential production cuts due to quota systems, price increases will likely enhance overall performance [10]. - In the silver sector, it is recommended to target lead-zinc mining companies that report high silver yields in their annual reports, as well as lead-zinc smelting enterprises that possess significant silver refining capacity [9]. Copper Market Insights - The copper market is currently influenced by a safety incident at the Grasberg mine, which may lead to a temporary production halt. Demand remains robust, but purchasing enthusiasm declines when prices exceed 9,700 USD. The supply-demand balance is still relatively stable, making a trend upward unlikely until global economic stabilization occurs [4][12]. Aluminum Sector Highlights - The electrolytic aluminum sector is experiencing a favorable trading environment, with no new production expected from domestic power companies. This situation is likely to enhance dividend payouts from leading companies such as Zhonglv, Hongqiao, and Shenhuo Tianshan [14]. Gold Market Outlook - The short-term outlook for gold is influenced by expectations of interest rate cuts, with potential price increases contingent on economic data and the extent of rate reductions. A favorable combination of rate cuts and economic performance could significantly benefit gold prices [15].