【编者按】 生活中的我们，难免习焉不察。环境、密切接触的人群、社会风气，乃至不同的行业，都可以让人沾染 上习气。有一次我们研究所想招一个人。我们招人的条件比较严格，标准是人品第一、学问第一。有人 问我，两个第一谁在前面？我回答，学问好的人品在前面，人品好的学问在前面。那一次想招的这个 人，成果很多，也很有影响。大家见面多次，实在看不出有什么不好。后来明白，原来他是文学出身， 身上有文学习气。有文学习气，距离学问境界，就差了那么一点点。真正进入学问境界的人，连文学习 气都需要刊落。社会上有各种行业，各种专业，行业和专业本身，时间长了，也会滋生特有的习气。在 一界长了，就有一界的习气。不是俗气，是习气。俗气不必说了，连习气都需要刊落，才能成为所期待 的不一样的人。如何刊落？读书是重要途径。 读书还有助于确立人生的自我认知，就是弄明白自己。通过读书，会意识到自己是立身于从古至今的历 史河流里，在这条河流里反照自己，可明白自己的身份和角色。当然书读得好，具有高华的气质，对找 一份合意的工作，会有帮助，慢慢获得事业上的成就感。我小的时候发蒙，那是在1940年代初，念《三 字经》《百家姓》《千字文》《唐诗三百首》《古文观 ...

郑延国 钱锺书先生《七缀集》的出版，要追溯到1985年，该书一经推出，即成为广大读者的抢手物。我在反复 研读的过程中，发现钱先生四次提及刘勰的文学理论著作《文心雕龙》。 在《读〈拉奥孔〉》一文中，钱先生称"在考究中国古代美学的过程里，我们的注意力常给名牌的理论 著作垄断去了。不用说，《乐记》、《诗品》、《文心雕龙》、诗文话、画说、曲论以及无数挂出牌子 来讨论文艺的书信、序跋等等是研究的对象"。由这段话可知，《文心雕龙》被钱先生定位为"名牌的理 论著作"。 在《通感》一文中，钱先生指出："各种通感现象里，最早引起注意的也许是视觉和触觉向听觉的挪 移。"他以《礼记·乐记》和亚里士多德心理学著作中的说法加以印证。想不到刘勰因此成为"智者千 虑，必有一失"的典型代表，钱先生说："《文心雕龙·比兴》历举'以声比心''以响比辩''以容比物'等 等，还向《长笛赋》里去找例证，偏偏当面错过了'听声类形'。"他委婉地批评道："这也流露刘勰看诗 文的盲点。" 在《诗可以怨》一文中，钱先生说"《论语·阳货》讲：'诗可以兴，可以观，可以群，可以怨。''怨'只 是四个作用里的一个，而且是末了一个"，可历史学家司马迁不这样认为，"司马迁 ...

Core Viewpoint - The ancient ginkgo tree in Juxian County, Shandong, has become a cultural symbol and is being actively protected through various measures, highlighting the importance of preserving historical and natural heritage [4][5]. Group 1: Cultural and Historical Significance - The ancient ginkgo tree is located in the Fulaishan scenic area, which is a national 4A-level tourist attraction and a historical museum [3]. - The tree stands at 26.7 meters tall with an average crown width of 34 meters, surrounded by ancient steles that bear poetry from historical figures, showcasing its long-standing connection to history [4]. - The tree serves as a witness to cultural heritage, with the nearby "Xiaojing Building" commemorating Liu Xie, a significant figure in literary theory [4]. Group 2: Conservation Efforts - Juxian County has established a protection system for ancient trees, including supplementary investigations, documentation, and protective signage [4]. - Li Jianguo, a dedicated gardener, has been caring for the ginkgo tree since 2014, performing essential tasks such as watering, pest control, and fruit thinning to ensure its health [5]. - Li maintains a "Big Tree Diary" to meticulously record the tree's growth and health, which aids experts in developing care strategies [5]. Group 3: Biological Characteristics - Ginkgo biloba, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a tall tree that can reach up to 40 meters, with fan-shaped leaves that turn golden in autumn, making it highly ornamental [5]. - Ginkgo trees are ancient, dating back 345 million years, and are unique to China, with all existing ginkgo trees worldwide originating from this region [6].

Core Viewpoint - The ancient ginkgo tree in Juxian County, Shandong, is highlighted as a cultural and historical symbol, showcasing the importance of tree preservation and the efforts made to protect it [4][5]. Group 1: Cultural Significance - The ancient ginkgo tree is located in the Dinglin Temple, which is part of a national 4A tourist attraction and serves as a historical museum [3]. - The tree is associated with historical figures, including Liu Xie, a renowned literary theorist, whose work has influenced literature for over a thousand years [4]. Group 2: Preservation Efforts - Juxian County has implemented a tree protection system that includes supplementary surveys, record-keeping, and protective signage [4]. - Li Jianguo, a dedicated caretaker, has been tending to the ginkgo tree since 2014, performing essential maintenance tasks such as watering and pest control [5]. Group 3: Detailed Monitoring - Li Jianguo maintains a "Big Tree Diary" documenting the tree's growth stages and environmental conditions, which aids in expert assessments and care strategies [5]. - The ginkgo tree has seen an increase in fruit production due to improved pollination from surrounding ginkgo trees planted in recent years [5]. Group 4: Botanical Information - Ginkgo biloba, also known as the maidenhair tree, is a large deciduous tree that can reach heights of up to 40 meters and is valued for its ornamental and economic uses [6][8]. - Ginkgo trees are ancient, dating back 345 million years, and are unique to China, with all existing ginkgo trees worldwide originating from this region [6].

Core Viewpoint - The ancient ginkgo tree in Juxian Fulaishan is recognized as the oldest ginkgo tree in the world, with a trunk circumference of approximately 16 meters and a height of about 27 meters, symbolizing the passage of time and cultural heritage [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The ginkgo tree has historical importance, as it was the site of a significant alliance meeting between the rulers of the Ju and Lu states in 715 BC, as recorded in the historical text "Spring and Autumn" [1]. - The tree is estimated to be over 3,000 years old, as noted by a stele erected in 1654 during the Qing Dynasty [1]. Group 2: Cultural Impact - The ginkgo tree has inspired numerous literary works throughout history, with poets and writers praising its beauty and significance, such as Sima Xiangru's "Upper Forest Fu" and Ouyang Xiu's poetry [3][4]. - The ginkgo leaf's unique golden color in autumn has been celebrated in literature, evoking feelings of nostalgia and beauty [2][4]. Group 3: Connection to Liu Xie - Liu Xie, a prominent literary figure, is associated with the Fulaishan area, where he spent years studying and writing, leading to the creation of his influential work "Wenxin Diaolong" [5][6]. - The connection between Liu Xie and the ginkgo tree reflects the deep cultural roots of the region, as both represent the enduring legacy of Chinese literature and philosophy [8].

Group 1 - The importance of interdisciplinary reading for professional development and creativity in architecture is emphasized, highlighting how literature and philosophy can inspire architectural design [1][2] - The influence of traditional Chinese philosophy on architectural thinking is noted, particularly the concept of interconnectedness and change, which shapes the design approach [2] - The role of literature in understanding human emotions and experiences is discussed, illustrating how this understanding can enhance architectural expression [1][2] Group 2 - The rapid changes in society and the impact of artificial intelligence on architecture are acknowledged, prompting reflection on future design challenges [2] - The pursuit of a holistic view in architectural design is advocated, suggesting that a comprehensive understanding of various factors is essential for effective design [2] - The joy and challenges of reading are highlighted, indicating that continuous exploration and thought are vital for personal and professional growth [2]

Core Points - The article discusses the historical significance of Liu Li Chang, a cultural hub in Beijing, and its connection to prominent scholars and literary figures, particularly those associated with Zhang Taiyan and his disciples [1][2][3][4][5] Group 1: Historical Context - Liu Li Chang is noted for its numerous old bookstores, which offer a variety of antiquities, including rare books and calligraphy, attracting scholars and collectors [1] - Several notable figures, including Lu Xun, Qian Xuantong, and Zhu Xizu, frequented Liu Li Chang, indicating its importance in their academic pursuits [2][3] Group 2: Academic Influence - The writings of Zhang Taiyan's disciples reflect a deep engagement with classical Chinese literature and philosophy, showcasing their scholarly rigor and the influence of Zhang's teachings [3][4] - The article emphasizes the need for contemporary youth to reconnect with Zhang Taiyan's ideas through the works of his disciples, as they provide valuable insights into classical texts [4] Group 3: Cultural Legacy - The author reflects on the artistic qualities of the writings of Zhang Taiyan and his disciples, highlighting their unique styles and the cultural spirit they embody [5] - The article suggests that the new cultural spirit is derived from a deep understanding of classical literature, which requires thorough study and contemplation [5]