Core Viewpoint - The unveiling of the bronze musical instrument "Jùzhǐ" at the National Games opening ceremony highlights the cultural significance and historical craftsmanship of ancient Chinese music, particularly from the Nanyue Kingdom during the Western Han Dynasty [2][12]. Group 1: Instrument Overview - The "Jùzhǐ" is a type of bronze percussion instrument, weighing a total of 191 kilograms, and is part of a complete bronze orchestra consisting of eight members [6][4]. - Unlike commonly seen hanging instruments, the "Jùzhǐ" requires a separate base for stability and is played by striking with mallets [8]. Group 2: Historical Context - The "Jùzhǐ" was crafted in the ninth year of Emperor Wen's reign (129 BC) and reflects the influence of Central Plains culture on the Nanyue Kingdom, which established its own music institution, the "Yuefu" [14][15]. - The inscriptions on the instruments serve as historical evidence of the Nanyue Kingdom's cultural practices and its emulation of the Han Dynasty's ceremonial music [14][15]. Group 3: Cultural Significance - The "Jùzhǐ" was typically used in significant events such as sacrifices and banquets, indicating its importance in royal ceremonies [12]. - The Nanyue King Zhao Mo was known for his extensive collection of musical instruments, which included over 50 items found in his tomb, showcasing a rich musical heritage [18][20]. Group 4: Museum and Exhibition - The Nanyue King Museum, located in Guangzhou, houses the largest known Western Han gold seal, "Wen Di Xing Xi," and offers a comprehensive collection of ancient musical instruments [22][20]. - The museum provides an immersive experience for visitors during the National Games, emphasizing the historical and cultural richness of the Nanyue Kingdom [26].

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the cultural exchange and historical significance of the artifacts discovered from the Han Dynasty tombs of the South Yue Kingdom and the Haihunhou Kingdom, showcasing the prosperity and openness of the Western Han civilization through their burial practices and artifacts [2][16]. Group 1: Artifacts and Their Significance - The South Yue Kingdom and Haihunhou Kingdom artifacts reflect the integration of Central Plains and Baiyue cultures, emphasizing the open and inclusive nature of their civilizations [2]. - The jade seals found in the tombs of Zhao Mo and Liu He serve as private seals, with distinct designs indicating their status; Liu He's seal is made from higher quality jade and features more intricate craftsmanship [4]. - The jade burial suit from Zhao Mo's tomb, made of 2,291 pieces of jade, is the only complete example of its kind found in China, highlighting the high status of its owner [6]. Group 2: Trade and Cultural Exchange - The artifacts indicate that the South Yue Kingdom engaged in maritime trade, becoming a precursor to the Maritime Silk Road, which facilitated trade with Southeast Asia and South Asia [10]. - The discovery of imported frankincense in Zhao Mo's tomb suggests that foreign resin-based fragrances were already entering China during the early Western Han period, replacing traditional herbal scents [11]. - The unique design of the incense burners from both tombs illustrates the evolution of incense use and the aesthetic preferences of the time, reflecting a blend of practicality and beauty [13]. Group 3: Cultural Interactions - The artifacts from both tombs demonstrate the cultural exchanges between the Central Plains and the grassland cultures, as seen in the decorative motifs on the gold and silver items [14]. - The findings from these two significant archaeological sites provide a comprehensive view of the development of Western Han society, illustrating the grandeur of the Han civilization [16].