Group 1: Report Industry Investment Rating - Not provided in the given content Group 2: Core View of the Report - In 2025, under the policy guidance of promoting high - quality development of inclusive finance, the issuance volume of innovative multi - core enterprise combination model products and externally - enhanced products increased significantly. The service scope of supply - chain asset - backed securitization products expanded, the number of core enterprises participating in product issuance increased, and the covered industries broadened. However, due to the macro - economic growth pressure and the real - estate industry at the bottom - repair stage, the issuance scale of most major industries decreased year - on - year except for the infrastructure investment and financing industry. The issuance interest rate of supply - chain asset - backed securitization products continued to decline, the product term was mainly within 1 year, and some priority securities had follow - up issuance arrangements. The issuance scale of fully - enhanced products increased year - on - year, while that of non - enhanced and partially - enhanced products decreased. In the future, with the in - depth advancement of the social credit system and the integration of AI technology in the public credit field, innovative model products are expected to expand continuously [3][66] Group 3: Summary According to the Directory 1. Issuance Situation - In 2025, 254 supply - chain asset - backed securitization products were issued in the exchange market, with a total issuance scale of 127.191 billion yuan, a decrease of 8 in quantity and 5.97% in scale compared to the previous year. The issuance interest rate of 1 - year AAAsf - rated products decreased, and the issuance spreads relative to different benchmarks also changed [3][4] - In terms of issuance venues, 191 products were issued on the Shanghai Stock Exchange (with a scale of 104.428 billion yuan, accounting for 82.10%), and 63 on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange (with a scale of 22.763 billion yuan, accounting for 17.90%). The top five managers accounted for 47.29% of the new management scale [6] - Most single - product issuance scales were within 10 billion yuan. The product term was mainly within 1 year, but the number and scale of products with a term over 1 year increased. AAAsf - rated securities accounted for 83.43% of the issuance scale [9][10][13] 2. Core Enterprise Analysis - In 2025, 215 single - core enterprise products involved 88 core enterprises, and 39 multi - core enterprise combination products. The issuance scale and quantity of multi - core enterprise combination products increased significantly [25] - The top five core enterprises in terms of issuance scale accounted for 37.79% of the total. The number of core enterprises increased year - on - year, including an increase of 6 in single - core enterprise products and about 5 times in multi - core enterprise products [26] - Among single - core enterprise products, 84 were state - owned enterprises and 4 were private enterprises. Core enterprises were distributed in 20 regions and 16 industries, with an expanded industry coverage. The core enterprise credit rating was mainly AAA and AA+ [30][32][36] 3. Original Equity Holder Situation - In 2025, 38 original equity holders or their agents were involved. The top five original equity holders accounted for 60.56% of the issuance scale. 25 had no relationship with core enterprises, 9 had a relationship, and 4 served both [44][49] 4. Product Structure Design - In terms of sub - securities, most products had a sub - scale ratio between 0% (excluding) and 1% (including). The issuance scale of fully - enhanced products increased, while that of non - enhanced and partially - enhanced products decreased. The proportion of non - enhanced priority securities in different product types varied [51][53][55] - 186 products had core enterprises or their affiliated companies as the credit - enhancement subject, and 57 had external entities, with a significant increase in the scale of the latter [57] 5. Filing, Secondary - Market Trading, and Maturity - In 2025, 259 supply - chain asset - backed special plans were filed, with a scale of 134.88 billion yuan, an increase of 7.39% year - on - year [59] - In the secondary market, 5,910 transactions were made, with a scale of 104.54 billion yuan, an increase of 87.40% year - on - year [61] - In 2026, 387 supply - chain asset - backed securities are expected to mature, with a scale of 94.077 billion yuan. The maturity situation varies by original equity holder and core enterprise [62]

1. Report Industry Investment Rating No relevant information provided. 2. Core Viewpoints of the Report In the first half of 2025, the issuance volume of innovative multi-core enterprise combination mode products and external credit enhancement products increased significantly. Financial institutions such as guarantee companies and commercial banks played the role of a link between fund demanders and providers, expanding the service scope of supply chain asset - backed securities products. The number of core enterprises participating in product issuance increased significantly, and the covered regions and industries also broadened. Meanwhile, against the backdrop of the deep - seated market - oriented operation transformation of local state - owned enterprises, the prominent demand for working capital reduction in the construction industry, and the significant increase in the trading activity of the ABS market, the utility of supply chain asset - backed securities products in asset revitalization became prominent. The market issuance recovered significantly, the product term design tended to be long - term, and the issuance interest rate continued the downward trend [61]. 3. Summary According to the Directory 3.1 Issuance Situation - In the first half of 2025, 137 supply chain - related asset - backed securitization products were issued in the exchange market, with a total issuance scale of 69.801 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 35 units and 35.24% in scale. The products accounted for 11.25% of the total issuance scale of enterprise asset - backed securitization products in the exchange market during the same period, a year - on - year increase of 0.22 percentage points [3][4]. - In terms of issuance venues, 104 products were issued on the Shanghai Stock Exchange, with a scale of 57.58 billion yuan, accounting for 82.49%; 33 products were issued on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange, with a scale of 12.221 billion yuan, accounting for 17.51% [6]. - In terms of product issuance scale distribution, 130 products had a single - product issuance scale of 1 billion yuan or less, with a total scale of 59.45 billion yuan, accounting for 85.17% [8]. - In terms of product term distribution, products with an expected term of more than 1 year had a significant increase in issuance volume and scale, with the number of issuance units increasing by 47 and the scale increasing by 132.03% year - on - year [10]. - In terms of initial credit rating distribution, AAAsf - rated securities had a total issuance scale of 54.854 billion yuan, accounting for 78.59%, and AA + sf - rated securities had a scale of 14.63 billion yuan, accounting for 20.96% [11]. - The average issuance interest rate of AAAsf - rated supply chain - related asset - backed securities with a term of about 1 year was 2.20%, and the median was 2.10%, down 49BP and 54BP year - on - year respectively [3][13]. - The average issuance spread based on the 1 - year Treasury bond yield as a benchmark narrowed compared with the same period of the previous year, and the average spread based on the 1 - year corporate bond yield was basically the same as the previous year [18]. 3.2 Core Enterprise Analysis - In the first half of 2025, 122 single - core enterprise products involved 70 core enterprises, with a scale of 63.809 billion yuan, accounting for 91.42%; 15 innovative multi - core enterprise combination products involved 64 core enterprises, with a scale of 5.992 billion yuan, accounting for 8.58%. The number of core enterprises increased significantly year - on - year [24][25]. - In terms of enterprise nature, 122 single - core enterprise products involved 68 state - owned enterprises and 2 private enterprises, with corresponding issuance scales of 55.86 billion yuan and 7.949 billion yuan respectively. The number of state - owned enterprises increased by 21 year - on - year, and the number of private enterprises decreased by 2 [29]. - In terms of regional distribution, single - core enterprise products involved 18 regions, with broader coverage. The top three regions, Beijing, Guangdong, and Shandong, had a total issuance amount of 31.283 billion yuan, accounting for 49.03% [30]. - In terms of industry distribution, single - core enterprise products involved 14 industries, with broader coverage. The infrastructure investment and financing, construction, real estate, and trade industries still led in terms of issuance scale. The issuance scale of the construction industry increased by 30.51% year - on - year, and that of the infrastructure investment and financing industry increased by 104.69% year - on - year [33]. - In terms of public credit ratings, core enterprises of single - core enterprise products were mainly rated AAA and AA +, with a corresponding issuance scale of 61.279 billion yuan, accounting for 96.04% [37]. 3.3 Original Equity Holder Situation - In the first half of 2025, 30 original equity holders or their agents were involved, all of which were factoring companies. The top five original equity holders had a total issuance scale of 47.954 billion yuan, accounting for 68.70% [40]. - 21 factoring companies had no affiliated relationship with the core enterprises of their issued products, with 105 issuance units and a scale of 52.263 billion yuan, accounting for 74.87%; 9 factoring companies had an affiliated relationship, with 32 issuance units and a scale of 17.538 billion yuan, accounting for 25.13% [45]. 3.4 Product Structure Design - In terms of sub - level securities setting, 121 products had a sub - level scale ratio between 0% (excluding) and 2% (including), with a corresponding issuance scale of 65.157 billion yuan, accounting for 93.35% [48]. - In terms of credit enhancement arrangements, 128 products were fully credit - enhanced, with a scale of 64.632 billion yuan; 4 products were single - debtor non - credit - enhanced, with a scale of 1.953 billion yuan; 5 products were multi - debtor non - credit - enhanced or partially credit - enhanced, with a scale of 3.216 billion yuan. The scale of fully credit - enhanced products increased by 42.89% year - on - year [50]. - 113 products had core enterprises or their affiliated companies as credit enhancement subjects, with a scale of 61.281 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 30.19%; 19 products had external guarantee companies and/or banks as credit enhancement subjects, with a scale of 5.951 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 244.39% [53]. 3.5 Filing, Secondary Market Trading, and Maturity Situation - In the first half of 2025, 139 supply chain - related asset - backed special plans were filed with the Asset Management Association of China, with a total scale of 77.576 billion yuan, a year - on - year increase of 34 units and 37.73% in scale [55]. - In the secondary market, supply chain - related asset - backed securities had 2,528 transactions, with a total scale of 49.509 billion yuan, accounting for 9.93% of the total trading scale of enterprise asset - backed securities in the current year. The number of transactions increased by 1,070, and the scale increased by 75.31% year - on - year [57]. - In the second half of 2025, 242 outstanding supply chain - related asset - backed securities were expected to mature, with a total maturity scale of 57.688 billion yuan, accounting for 18.66% of the total scale of all maturing asset - backed securities during the same period [58].