特朗普喊话，药价砍30~80% 本文约 3500 字，推荐阅读时长 15 分钟，欢迎关注新财富公众号。 0 1 这不是特朗普第一次抛出药价"最惠国政策"的概念。 早在2020年任内，他就试图通过Medicare Part B项目来推动类似措施，希望压低部分高价注射药物的 政府医保采购成本，并预计未来七年节省850亿美元药费。但当时该政策因未履行完整行政立法程 序，被联邦法院裁定"程序违法"而叫停。 5月11日，特朗普在Truth Social上高调发声，宣布将签署一项重启的行政命令，推动"最惠国政策 （Most Favored Nations, MFN）"——这是一项看起来"很简单"的政策目标：美国的医保药价不能高 于别的国家，尤其是邻国如加拿大和墨西哥。特朗普甚至在公开表态中宣称，该政策一旦生效，美国 药品价格"将立刻下降30~80%"。 此次政策"回锅" 重启 ，同样没有明确的适用范围，也缺乏具体的执行细节 ，比如：是否仅覆盖联邦 老年人医保（Medicare），是否涵盖低收入群体医保（Medicaid），以及具体的价格锚定机制尚未公 开。这一"模糊性"也引发了市场和媒体的广泛质疑。 《华尔街日报》在评论 ...

Core Insights - Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw transformed her initial setbacks in pursuing a brewing career into a successful international biopharmaceutical company, Biocon, making her one of the wealthiest self-made female entrepreneurs globally [2][3] Company Overview - Biocon was founded in 1978 in a makeshift facility in Bangalore, India, initially producing fermentation enzymes for clients like Ocean Spray [3] - The company transitioned to biopharmaceuticals in 2000, launching its first product, insulin, using yeast instead of genetically modified E. coli, which provided a cost advantage over Western pharmaceutical companies [6][8] - Biocon's revenue reached $1.9 billion, with a significant portion derived from biosimilars, which account for approximately 55% of the company's revenue [8] Market Position and Strategy - The biopharmaceutical market is expanding, with spending on biologics reaching $324 billion in 2023, although this figure does not account for discounts provided by brand-name companies [6][8] - Biocon has launched nine biosimilars, including products that compete with AbbVie's Humira and Genentech's Herceptin, with seven approved for sale in the U.S. [9][10] - The company aims to introduce a new drug annually in the U.S. and Europe until 2030, with plans to launch a biosimilar for Regeneron's Eylea by the end of the year [11] Competitive Landscape - Biocon competes with major players like Sandoz, Samsung Biologics, and Amgen, particularly in emerging markets where it holds a significant market share of up to 80% for several biosimilars [10] - The U.S. market presents challenges due to the need to negotiate with pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) for drug inclusion in insurance coverage, alongside potential tariffs on imported drugs [10] Future Outlook - The company is positioned for growth, with an estimated 118 biologic drug patents expiring by 2035, creating opportunities for biosimilar development [8] - Mazumdar-Shaw emphasizes the humanitarian aspect of the business, aiming to provide affordable healthcare solutions [12]

2025年，司美格鲁肽能否真正坐上全球"药王"宝座，值得继续观察。 诺和诺德的司美格鲁肽属于GLP-1受体激动剂，主要用于降糖、减肥治疗，而K药属于肿瘤药物，可用 于多个癌种治疗。默沙东K药是在2023年取代艾伯维的修美乐（Humira）成为新一代全球"药王"，之后 继续在2024年坐稳该宝座。但对比2024年全年18%的销售额增速，K药2025年一季度的销售额增速明显 在放缓。 相比K药，在减肥药适应证的推动之下，司美格鲁肽增长势头颇旺。 2025年一季度，司美格鲁肽的销售额领先K药6.64亿美元。 2024年，诺和诺德的司美格鲁肽（含Ozempic、Wegovy、Rybelsus）仅以不到两亿美元的销售额差距， 排在默沙东K药之后，与全球"药王"宝座失之交臂。 2025年第一季度，司美格鲁肽全球销售额终于超过K药，暂时坐上了全球"药王"宝座。 当地时间5月7日，诺和诺德公布的2025年度一季度报业绩显示，2025年第一季度，司美格鲁肽实现全球 销售额557.76亿丹麦克朗，即78.64亿美元（按今年Q1平均汇率计算：1丹麦克朗=0.141美元，下同）， 同比增长32.17%。司美格鲁肽的全球销售额占到诺和 ...