Group 1 - The phenomenon of undergraduate students enrolling in vocational colleges, such as Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, indicates a shift in the perception of vocational education, which is now seen as a viable option for some undergraduates and even graduates [1] - The demand for high-skilled talent in the railway industry has surpassed the traditional boundaries of vocational training, leading to a significant increase in enrollment numbers, from 30 students in 2022 to 135 in 2025, reflecting market needs [1] - The trend of "undergraduates choosing vocational education" signifies a broader societal change where the value of skills is increasingly recognized over traditional academic credentials, as evidenced by higher employment rates in vocational education compared to regular universities [2] Group 2 - The shift from a degree-centric view to a value-centric perspective among students highlights a growing recognition that skills and practical experience are crucial for career success [2] - The emergence of diverse educational ecosystems, such as the "University Student Technician Class" in Qingdao and the influx of undergraduates into vocational training programs, illustrates the evolving landscape of education where vocational and academic paths intersect [2] - Despite the positive trends, challenges such as insufficient investment in teaching resources and homogenized program offerings remain barriers to the development of vocational education [3]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles emphasizes the importance of high-end manufacturing in supporting vocational education development, as seen in the case of Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College's "undergraduate to specialized" admissions policy [2][5] - The demand for skilled workers in high-end manufacturing sectors is driving the need for vocational education, which requires a higher level of knowledge and comprehensive skills from students [2][3] - The success of vocational education in Germany, which has a strong manufacturing base, contrasts with the decline of vocational education in the U.S. due to the outsourcing of manufacturing jobs [3][4] Group 2 - The specific programs offered by Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, such as those related to high-speed rail technology, reflect the growing need for skilled professionals in China's leading manufacturing sectors [4] - The high employment rate of graduates from these vocational programs, maintaining over 90% for three consecutive years, underscores the effectiveness of aligning education with industry needs [4] - The article highlights that the development of vocational education is fundamentally reliant on the growth of high-end manufacturing, which can provide decent job opportunities for graduates [5]