Group 1 - The phenomenon of undergraduate students enrolling in vocational colleges, such as Zhengzhou Railway Vocational and Technical College, indicates a shift in the perception of vocational education, which is now seen as a viable option for some undergraduates and even graduates [1] - The demand for high-skilled talent in the railway industry has surpassed the traditional boundaries of vocational training, leading to a significant increase in enrollment numbers, from 30 students in 2022 to 135 in 2025, reflecting market needs [1] - The trend of "undergraduates choosing vocational education" signifies a broader societal change where the value of skills is increasingly recognized over traditional academic credentials, as evidenced by higher employment rates in vocational education compared to regular universities [2] Group 2 - The shift from a degree-centric view to a value-centric perspective among students highlights a growing recognition that skills and practical experience are crucial for career success [2] - The emergence of diverse educational ecosystems, such as the "University Student Technician Class" in Qingdao and the influx of undergraduates into vocational training programs, illustrates the evolving landscape of education where vocational and academic paths intersect [2] - Despite the positive trends, challenges such as insufficient investment in teaching resources and homogenized program offerings remain barriers to the development of vocational education [3]

校方的反馈从一个侧面说明，职业教育的发展需要高端制造业的支撑，需要满足学生就业的需求。在此前提下， 所谓观念落后，学历歧视等，就很难成为阻碍因素。 这次郑州铁路职业技术学院的"本升专"操作提醒我们：促进职业教育发展，绝非只是观念上的问题，也并非学历 低所致。如果你能给学生提供一份体面的工作，无论是本科还是专科都不重要，甚至本科毕业，学生也可以再考 一个专科。 ▲2024年11月21日，世界职业技术教育发展大会在天津开幕，参会者在职业教育专题展上体验未来产业仿真实训 中心。图/新华社 近日，郑州铁路职业技术学院发布2025年单独考试招生章程，其中动车组检修技术、高速铁路综合维修技术和铁 道交通运营管理专业，面向本科毕业生招生，计划招生135人，毕业后发放专科毕业证。 这则被调侃为"本升专"的招生简章引起舆论高度关注。 学校在回应媒体采访时表示，市场有相关的用人需求，而且，市场对该类专业学生的知识储备和综合素养要求较 高，传统专科生源可能难以满足培养需求。 与之相反，美国职业教育落后的背后是美国制造业的滑坡。20世纪80年代后，美国制造业逐渐转移海外，没有了 制造业，尤其是高端制造业，也就没有了基本的需求，何来发 ...