Core Viewpoint - The integration of modern subway systems with the preservation of ancient springs in Jinan represents a significant advancement in urban governance, emphasizing legal frameworks and citizen services to enhance transportation while safeguarding natural resources [1][2]. Group 1: Subway Development and Water Conservation - The Jinan Metro Line 4, spanning 40.3 kilometers, is set to open by the end of 2025, enhancing east-west transportation in the city while addressing the challenges posed by the protection of the city's famous springs [1][2]. - The 2023 "Jinan Urban Rail Transit Regulations" establishes "spring protection first" as a core principle, mandating environmental impact assessments and dynamic monitoring throughout the planning and construction phases [2]. - Advanced technologies, such as a "digital twin + IoT" system, have been developed to monitor underground water systems in real-time, ensuring the protection of the springs during construction [2]. Group 2: Legislative Innovations for Urban Challenges - The "One Policy for One Issue" approach, derived from the "Jinan Parking Regulations," has led to the creation of over 700 public parking facilities, adding 233,000 parking spaces to alleviate parking difficulties [3]. - The "Jinan Taxi Management Regulations" unify the management of traditional taxis and ride-hailing services, resulting in a significant increase in compliance rates from 70.3% to 93.1% in 2024, while complaints about taxis dropped by 47.94% [4]. - The "Jinan Electric Bicycle Fire Safety Management Regulations" focus on critical areas such as parking and charging, marking a proactive legislative approach to enhance public safety [4]. Group 3: Enhancing Citizen Experience - The Jinan Parking Regulations provide 30 minutes of free parking at government-designated facilities, addressing practical issues faced by citizens and improving overall satisfaction [5][6]. - A humanized enforcement model allows for a 10-minute warning for parking violations, promoting compliance while maintaining the seriousness of the law [6]. - Innovative public transport solutions, such as small buses for narrow streets and customized routes, have been introduced to tackle the "last mile" problem, contributing to Jinan's recognition as a "National Public Transport City" [6]. Group 4: Systematic Legal Framework - By the end of 2025, Jinan will have 81 effective local regulations, with 7 specifically addressing transportation, creating a robust legal framework for modern urban governance [8]. - The legislative approach emphasizes coordination and foresight, ensuring that regulations are interconnected and support the optimization of transportation resources [8]. - The implementation of these regulations has led to a 3.6% decrease in traffic congestion and a 5% increase in traffic speed, reflecting the effectiveness of the legal framework in enhancing urban mobility [9].

Core Viewpoint - The development of small alley buses in Jinan is enhancing urban mobility by filling service gaps in traditional public transport, providing convenience for daily commuting, and connecting cultural and commercial areas [1][2][3] Group 1: Small Alley Bus Implementation - Jinan has launched 33 small alley bus routes as of May this year, with a daily ridership exceeding 30,000 [1] - These buses are designed for narrow roads and alleys, offering point-to-point and door-to-door services, thus improving connectivity between residential areas and major transport hubs [1][2] Group 2: Economic and Operational Benefits - The use of small buses addresses the operational challenges of traditional large buses, which are often uneconomical for low passenger volumes [2] - Smaller buses have lower acquisition and maintenance costs, reducing operational pressure on companies amid declining passenger numbers [2] Group 3: Focus on Community Needs - The development of small alley buses is guided by community needs, with a focus on precise research and resource allocation based on road conditions and passenger flow [3] - The service aims to cater to specific demographics, such as the elderly, children, and commuting workers, enhancing the overall public transport experience [3]