"自古华山一条路"。华山气象站就建在海拔2064.9米的西峰之巅，是陕西省唯一全天候有人值守的高山 站。 今年，是华山气象站站长于进江与华山相伴相守的第三十三个年头。早晨7时30分，华山西峰，零下2摄 氏度。于进江走出宿舍，喊上气象站业务员谭怡颖，早饭前先去峰顶的气象观测场检查仪器，确定是否 要进行除冰等作业。观测场建在一块巨石上，一侧是壁立千仞的悬崖，风特别大，刮在脸上刺骨地疼。 "不管是刮风、下雨、下雪，我们每天都去维护，确保设备正常运行、数据正常传输。"于进江说。 华山在秦岭山脉东部，处于我国南北气候分界线上。华山气象站是国家基准气候站，观测、收集、订正 气温、风速、风向、湿度等13个气象要素，每小时上传一次，纳入国家级观测数据中心，并参与亚洲区 域数据交换。"从1952年建站到现在，气象数据记录始终是连续的。"于进江很自豪。 于进江记得，1993年春节刚过，20岁的他攀爬了七八个小时的崎岖山路，终于赶到华山气象站报到。难 走的山路、紧缺的水源、夹生的米饭……环境的艰苦给他带来巨大冲击。但老一辈华山气象工作者的奋 斗精神和对气象事业的执着，把他留了下来。如今，气象人的保障条件越来越好，有了缆车，上山也不 ...

Group 1 - The recent cold wave in China has led to significant temperature drops across the country, with average daily temperatures falling by 6℃ to 10℃ in most areas, and some regions experiencing drops of 12℃ to 20℃ [2][5] - A total of over 7000 weather warnings related to road icing, strong winds, and heavy snow were issued during the cold wave, indicating the extensive impact of this weather event [1][2] - The cold wave has resulted in record low temperatures in 20 major cities, with the most severe drop recorded in Gansu, where temperatures fell to -41.3℃ in certain observation stations [5][2] Group 2 - The cold wave has also brought widespread rain and snow, with significant regional differences in precipitation types; areas like Xinjiang and Northeast China experienced mainly snowfall, while regions like Anhui and Jiangsu saw sleet [8] - The maximum snow depth recorded was 20 centimeters in Beijing, with several other locations also reporting significant snow accumulation [8] - The cold wave's impact on infrastructure is compounded by the combination of low temperatures and precipitation, leading to complex disaster scenarios affecting power, communication, and transportation sectors [15] Group 3 - Advances in meteorological observation and forecasting technology have improved the accuracy and efficiency of winter precipitation forecasts, addressing critical questions about road conditions and ice accumulation [17][21] - Beijing has upgraded its winter precipitation observation equipment to enhance monitoring capabilities, allowing for continuous observation of snow depth and ice accumulation [18] - The development of a comprehensive forecasting system that extends from precipitation elements to impact forecasts is underway, catering to specific needs in sectors like transportation and power [21][23]

Core Viewpoint - The 18th China Scientific Instrument Development Annual Conference (ACCSI 2025) was held in Shanghai, focusing on "Digital Intelligence Driven, New Quality Leading" and featuring over 150 reports, attracting more than 1800 participants from various sectors of the scientific instrument industry [1][2]. Group 1: High Spectral and Imaging Technology - The development and application of hyperspectral and imaging technology have made significant progress in China, with the country now ranking among the world's leaders in hyperspectral remote sensing technology [4]. - The Gaofen-5 satellite's wide-band hyperspectral camera, launched in 2018, has achieved a 2% error rate in methane detection, outperforming international standards [4]. - Future advancements will focus on spectral resolution (0.1 nm), spatial resolution (sub-meter level), temporal resolution (dynamic monitoring), and radiation sensitivity (single-photon detection), integrating AI and quantum optics [5]. Group 2: Quantum Technology - The report on quantum computing highlights the need for self-reliance and the importance of scientific instruments in advancing quantum technology [6][7]. - Shenzhen has made notable achievements in quantum research, transitioning from non-existence to being part of the national laboratory system, and has made key breakthroughs in quantum computing [7]. - The report emphasizes the necessity for industry integration and resource consolidation to overcome challenges in innovation and originality [7]. Group 3: Industry Trends and Opportunities - In 2024, the revenue of China's scientific instrument industry reached 108.038 billion yuan, marking a 4.3% year-on-year growth, with significant contributions from domestic brands [11]. - The industry is expected to benefit from national productivity development, the implementation of new policies, and the ongoing US-China trade dynamics [11]. - The report analyzes changes in demand across different fields, user types, and brand preferences, indicating a shift in market dynamics [11]. Group 4: Corporate Strategies - Shimadzu's report outlines its strategic layout and breakthroughs in China, focusing on contributing to human and environmental health through advanced technology [15]. - The company aims to deepen localization efforts and collaborate with top scientific talents and enterprises to drive innovation [15]. - Future focus areas include healthcare, environmental protection, materials, and industrial sectors, aligning with societal needs [15]. Group 5: Domestic Instrument Development - The report discusses the evolution of China's scientific instrument industry over the past 70 years, highlighting the transition from low-end to high-end markets [18]. - Key factors for the growth of domestic scientific instrument companies include talent development, capital focus, and leveraging national policies to enhance competitiveness [18]. - The report concludes with a positive outlook for the future of domestic instruments, emphasizing the importance of innovation and resilience in the industry [18].