法国菜肴在全世界享有盛名，精致的烹饪方式、美味的菜品和优雅的餐桌礼仪共同构成了法餐作为高级 美食的印象。法棍面包、奶酪和葡萄酒已成为法国人民族身份认同的重要组成部分，因此，当可口可乐 和美式快餐在全球化的浪潮中进军法国时遭到了强烈的抵制。饮食与社会政治密切相关，从亨利四世 的"让每个农民锅里都有一只鸡"到玛丽·安托瓦内特的"让他们吃蛋糕吧"，与食物相关的隐喻或谣言为 政治做出了直白的注解，国家稳定与否很大程度上取决于百姓的盘中餐。自十六世纪初意大利厨师随凯 瑟琳·德·美第奇来到法国王室后，法兰西宫廷美食在此后几个世纪中成为欧洲餐饮的风向标，经历了大 革命的冲击后，现代意义上的法国美食在十九世纪正式形成。法国人的食物与政治构成了一首交响曲， 在旧制度走向衰落、启蒙运动兴起的十八世纪，饮食如何影响了法国的国家治理？剑桥大学教授艾玛· 斯派瑞（Emma C. Spary）关于饮食与科学史的研究提供了一个新颖的视角，她凭借《品尝启蒙：巴黎 的饮食与科学》（Eating the Enlightenment: Food and the Sciences in Paris, The University of Chicag ...

Core Viewpoint - The introduction of low-priced baguettes at €0.29 by major supermarket chains in France has sparked outrage among traditional bakers, who argue that this practice undermines the artisanal baking industry and disrupts the pricing structure of baguettes [1][2]. Industry Impact - Major supermarket chains, such as Auchan and Lidl, have launched €0.29 baguettes, which has angered traditional bakers [1]. - The average price of a baguette in traditional bakeries is €1.09, highlighting a significant price disparity due to the artisanal production process [1]. - Traditional bakers claim that the labor costs associated with handmade baguettes account for over 40% of total costs, as the production process is time-consuming and labor-intensive [1]. Production Methods - Supermarkets utilize automated production methods, allowing them to produce baguettes at a much lower cost and higher volume, with the ability to create 10,000 baguettes per hour compared to 400-600 by a traditional baker [1][2]. - The use of pre-made semi-finished products and bulk purchasing helps supermarkets control costs and maintain lower prices [2]. Market Dynamics - Despite the rise of low-cost baguettes, traditional bakeries still dominate the market, with supermarket baguette sales accounting for only 9% of the total market [2]. - The annual production of baguettes in France reaches 6 billion, indicating the product's cultural significance and popularity among the French [2]. - Changes in consumer habits and rising raw material costs are influencing the traditional French baking industry [2].