2025年是"两山"理念提出20周年，协同推进高水平保护与高质量发展，是践行"两山"理念的题中应有之义。当这个话题放在国家公园的场域下该如何解答？ 中环报记者邀请海南热带雨林国家公园管理局副局长麦匡耀、南山国家公园候选区负责人周建宏、国务院发展研究中心《管理世界》杂志社研究员苏杨，围 绕这一话题进行了探讨。 麦匡耀和周建宏结合两地相关实践表示，高水平保护与高质量发展在国家公园同域共存的图景正愈加清晰。苏杨则认为，在国家公园实现"推动绿色发展、 促进人与自然和谐共生"，在理论与实践之间既有呼应也有落差。将于2026年1月1日实施的《国家公园法》为国家公园依法实现"两山"转化提供了有力支 持，但在实践中仍然存在需要攻克的难点。 科学看待人类活动与生态环境保护的关系 周建宏：南山国家公园候选区目前正在推进国家公园创建工作。作为第一批国家公园体制试点之一，我们在开展相关工作的10年中长期坚持"保护不缺位、 民生不打折"理念，与 "三个相统一"的法定要求高度契合。我们在严格保护的前提下，依法允许核心保护区开展科学研究、生态监测及原住民非损害性生产 生活，以实现保护与民生的精准平衡。针对集体林地占比超过60%的特点，创新 ...

Group 1 - The core viewpoint emphasizes that common prosperity is an essential requirement of socialism and a significant feature of Chinese-style modernization [1][2] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" outlines a people-centered approach, ensuring that development benefits the people and promotes social equity [1] - During the "14th Five-Year" period, China's middle-income group has exceeded 400 million, indicating a significant improvement in living standards [1] Group 2 - The focus on rural development includes high-quality agriculture, livable and workable rural areas, and the prosperity of farmers [5] - The development of the cold vegetable industry in Ningxia has established over 130 large-scale planting bases, covering 500,000 acres and producing over 2 million tons of fresh vegetables annually [7] - In Shandong, the coastal town of Taoluo has leveraged its marine resources to develop aquaculture and marine economy, contributing to rural revitalization [9] Group 3 - Hainan's tea industry is being expanded as a key strategy for poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, with the unique Hainan large-leaf tea being recognized as a new species [11] - Yunnan's coffee cultivation has reached 679,000 acres, with an annual production of 58,000 tons, maintaining its position as the leader in coffee cultivation and production in China [13] Group 4 - The construction of the Shantou Bay underwater tunnel is part of a high-speed rail project that will enhance connectivity among 15 cities in Guangdong, Fujian, and Zhejiang, promoting high-quality development in the eastern coastal region [15] - The establishment of medical communities in Jiangsu aims to improve healthcare access and quality through collaboration with renowned universities and hospitals [17] Group 5 - The development of a high-speed rail network in Henan has created a "米" shaped rail system centered around Zhengzhou, facilitating economic connectivity with surrounding provincial capitals [18] - Various initiatives have been implemented to support ethnic minorities in border areas, focusing on practical solutions to improve their livelihoods [19][20] Group 6 - The production of Tibetan carpets in Tibet has been revitalized through cooperative models and skill training, enhancing local employment opportunities [21] - In Guangxi, the mushroom production base has been developed to improve local livelihoods through specialized industries and infrastructure improvements [22]