撰文丨王聪 编辑丨王多鱼 排版丨水成文 胃癌 （Gastric Cancer，GC） 是全球第五大常见癌症，也是导致癌症死亡的主要原因之一。 而在中国，胃癌尤为严重，中 国是全世界胃癌发病人数和死亡人数最多的国家，以 20% 的人口贡献了近 50% 的胃癌发病人数和死亡人数。 幽门螺杆菌 （ Helicobacter pylori ） 是胃癌的主要危险因素之一，而在幽门螺杆菌感染者中，只有 1%-3% 最终发展为胃 癌，这表明还有其他因素参与了胃癌的发生。2024 年初， 香港中文大学 于君 教授团队等在 Cell 期刊发表论 文， 揭示了 咽峡炎链球菌 （ Streptococcus anginosus ） 可促进小鼠胃部炎症、萎缩及胃癌的发生 【1】 。 2026 年 1 月 2 日，上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院 房静远 院士 团队联合 华大基因股 覃友文 博士等 （ 周澄蓓、赵立从、覃友文、于静晨、李文曦为论文共同第一作者 ） ， 在 Gut 期刊发表了题为： Streptococcus anginosus -derived methionine promotes gastric cancer pro ...

Core Insights - The article discusses a significant research finding regarding the role of cysteine deficiency in weight loss, highlighting that mice lacking cysteine lost over 30% of their body weight within a week, surpassing the effects of current leading weight loss drugs [1][2][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - The study conducted by NYU Grossman School of Medicine revealed that genetically modified mice unable to produce cysteine and fed a cysteine-deficient diet experienced a weight loss of 30.6% in one week [2][7]. - Previous studies indicated that restricting certain amino acids, including cysteine and methionine, could have health benefits such as extending lifespan and preventing metabolic diseases, but the specific contributions of each amino acid were unclear [5][11]. - The research demonstrated that the positive effects of amino acid restriction are primarily driven by cysteine limitation rather than methionine [5][11]. Group 2: Mechanisms of Weight Loss - Cysteine deficiency activates stress responses and oxidative stress, leading to the production of GDF15 and FGF21, which may explain the rapid weight loss observed [9][11]. - The study found that cysteine restriction significantly impacts weight loss and metabolism by lowering levels of glutathione and coenzyme A, which are crucial for metabolic processes [11]. Group 3: Implications for Human Health - While the findings are promising, the research team cautioned that humans may not experience the same rapid fat burning as mice due to differences in thermoregulation [13]. - A 2023 short-term human trial indicated that restricting cysteine and methionine did not have negative effects on overweight individuals and could aid in weight loss, suggesting potential translatability of animal model benefits to humans [13]. - The article suggests that a diet low in cysteine, achieved by reducing red meat intake and increasing fruits and certain vegetables, could provide similar health benefits [13].