Core Insights - The rapid development of humanoid robots is driven by embodied intelligence, which is crucial for commercial viability [1] - The market for humanoid robots is projected to exceed one trillion yuan by 2045, with current market size under ten billion yuan [1] Group 1: Market Potential - Humanoid robots possess human-like perception, body structure, and movement, making them highly adaptable to various applications in manufacturing, social services, and hazardous operations [1] - According to the "Humanoid Robot Industry Development Research Report (2024)", the overall intelligence level of humanoid robots in China will remain at Level 1 from 2024 to 2028, with only a few products exploring Level 2 [1] - The evolution towards embodied intelligence is expected to break the limitations of specific scenarios and tasks, leading to comprehensive coverage across industries [1] Group 2: Technological Advancements - Multi-modal large models are key to enhancing human-robot interaction efficiency and situational understanding, with companies like NVIDIA and Tesla actively integrating multi-modal perception [2] - Reinforcement learning is anticipated to become a primary paradigm for motion algorithms, enabling efficient learning of gaits and running through reward functions [2] - The integration of pure visual solutions, six-dimensional force sensors, and electronic skin is expected to set a standard for sensory solutions, significantly improving perception sensitivity [2] Group 3: Communication and Computing - Real-time control requires efficient communication protocols and robust hardware computing power, with EtherCAT expected to become the mainstream communication protocol due to its high real-time performance and low latency [2] - As robot intelligence evolves towards embodied intelligence, the demand for edge computing power is projected to continue growing, driving performance upgrades in edge-side chips [2]

Group 1 - The core viewpoint is that embodied intelligence is the key to the commercialization of humanoid robots, with a market space exceeding one trillion yuan, and the intelligent level of humanoid robots in China is expected to evolve significantly by 2045 [1] - Humanoid robots possess human-like perception, body structure, and movement, making them highly adaptable to human society, with potential applications in manufacturing, social services, and hazardous operations [1] - The market scale for humanoid robots is currently below ten billion yuan, but as intelligent levels progress towards embodied intelligence, the market is expected to expand significantly [1] Group 2 - Multi-modal large models and reinforcement learning are enhancing operational control performance, with significant advancements in communication and computing power to support real-time control [2] - Major companies like NVIDIA and Tesla are integrating multi-modal perception to improve robot interaction and decision-making accuracy, while the development of embodied reasoning models is expected to enhance performance in complex environments [2] - The adoption of pure visual solutions and advanced sensors is anticipated to lower hardware costs and improve perception sensitivity, with EtherCAT emerging as a mainstream communication protocol due to its high real-time performance [2]