降低车身所受外部激励，实现舒适乘坐性能；抑制轮胎接地载荷的变化，实现稳定行驶性能；在纵向力与侧向力作用下，保持车轮 的稳定性。 悬架的三大基本作用 汽车"下盘"稳不稳，在很大程度上取决于悬架的匹配和调校。目前民用汽车一般采用阻尼减振器+螺旋弹簧的组合，而稍微高级一些 的会采用可变阻尼的减振器配合空气悬架来提升悬架表现。但说到底，阻尼减振器内部的工作介质基本都为液压油和气体，其原理是利 用阻尼是机械能在动力学系统中耗散，起减振作用。 此外，市面上还有一种较为少见的磁流变减振器，这种减振器相比传统的液压减振器有什么区别呢？ 什么是磁流变减振器？ 磁流变减振器是通过一种"磁流变液"产生的电磁反应，实现对减振器阻尼力的调节。简单说，这种减振器内部填充的不再是普通的 液压油，而是一种特制的含有"铁屑"的液体。这种"磁流变液"由基液、磁性颗粒和添加剂组成，磁性颗粒就是经过化学处理的铁屑，其 能够在接电后的磁流变液体中成为"悬浮体"。 磁流变液在不同磁场里可以产生不同的状态变化——比如水具备高流动性，也可像浆糊一样黏稠。具体来说，在没有接电产生磁场 之前，磁流变液就是"液体"，当接电产生磁场之后，能立刻变得粘稠，产生阻尼。 ...

Group 1 - The core component of a vehicle's suspension system is the shock absorber, which significantly influences driving characteristics and safety by adjusting damping force to enhance ride quality and reduce vibrations [1][2] - Shock absorbers are crucial for maintaining vehicle stability, ensuring tire grip, and improving cornering performance, braking, and steering [2][3] - The most commonly used type of shock absorber is the hydraulic cylinder type, which can be classified based on various criteria such as the number of cylinders, stroke type, and whether the damping is adjustable [3][5] Group 2 - The working principle of shock absorbers involves the movement of a piston within a cylinder, where hydraulic fluid is forced through valves to create damping force that mitigates vehicle vibrations [3][5][7] - Traditional shock absorbers have fixed valves, limiting the ability to adjust damping characteristics, while continuously variable damping control incorporates electronic control to adjust damping force in real-time based on driving conditions [8][10] - The advantages of continuously variable damping include strong adaptability to road conditions, enhanced safety through rapid damping adjustments, and improved comfort by reducing vibrations and noise transmitted to the cabin [12] Group 3 - Most market offerings of continuously variable damping shock absorbers utilize a single valve structure, which can limit the independent adjustment of rebound and compression damping [15] - The dual-valve damping system, which employs two independent valves for rebound and compression, allows for a broader adjustment range and faster response, enhancing ride comfort and stability [15][18] - An example of this technology is seen in the Audi Q3, where the dual-valve shock absorber optimizes damping during uneven road conditions, improving overall driving experience [18]