Core Viewpoint - Shandong province has adopted a systematic approach to address river and lake governance challenges, focusing on "pollution co-governance, resource sharing, and ecological prosperity" to improve water quality and promote sustainable development [1] Group 1: Water Quality Improvement - The Yihe River has transformed from a polluted waterway to a scenic area, with local mineral water gaining popularity among tourists [3][4] - Significant efforts have been made since 2006 to control pollution sources, including shutting down over 290 outdated enterprises and implementing various ecological restoration projects [4] - A total of 231 water ecological protection and restoration projects have been implemented during the 14th Five-Year Plan, including the construction of over 120 artificial wetlands, enhancing the health of river and lake ecosystems [4][6] Group 2: Efficient Water Resource Utilization - Despite having several major rivers, Shandong faces a water scarcity issue, with per capita water resources at only 271 cubic meters, which is 12.9% of the national average [5][6] - The province has developed a "wastewater-reclaimed water-industrial water" recycling model, which has been promoted across 12 cities, achieving an annual reclaimed water utilization of over 1 billion cubic meters [6] Group 3: Green Economic Development - The integration of ecological resources in areas like the Bailu Bay Town has led to the development of a multi-industry cultural tourism model, attracting significant visitor numbers and generating revenue [7][8] - The ecological fishery development in the Xianshan Reservoir has produced over 2,000 tons of organic fish annually, creating jobs for around 12,000 local residents [8] - The governance of rivers and lakes in Shandong is increasingly linked with industrial development, forming a conversion pattern of "good water quality - beautiful scenery - economic value" [8]

Core Insights - Shandong has adopted a systematic approach to address river and lake governance challenges, focusing on "pollution co-governance, resource sharing, and ecological prosperity" [1] Group 1: Water Quality Improvement - The Yihe River has transformed from a heavily polluted waterway to a source of pride for local residents, now referred to as the "most beautiful hometown river" [3] - Since 2006, significant efforts have been made to control pollution sources, including shutting down over 290 outdated enterprises and more than 140 coal-fired boilers, leading to a shift towards "ecological industry + green manufacturing + industrial clusters" [2][3] Group 2: Water Resource Management - Despite having seven major rivers, Feicheng faces a water scarcity issue, with per capita water resources at only 271 cubic meters, which is 12.9% of the national average [6] - The city has implemented a water resource allocation system that integrates "saving, diverting, storing, and using," promoting a circular model of "wastewater - reclaimed water - industrial water" across 12 cities in the province, achieving an annual reclaimed water utilization of over 1 billion cubic meters [7] Group 3: Economic Development through Ecological Initiatives - The integration of river and lake governance with industrial development has led to a transformation where good water quality enhances economic value, exemplified by the production of high-value crops like rich-zinc apples and cherries, generating annual outputs of 30 billion and 1.39 billion respectively [9] - The Bai Lu Bay cultural tourism development in Rizhao has attracted nearly 600,000 visitors in 2024, generating revenue of 26.36 million, showcasing the potential of eco-tourism [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the significant advancements in urban water conservation through technology, institutional support, and innovative reforms, highlighting successful case studies and future goals for water resource management in China [1][3][4]. Group 1: Technological Innovations - The water resource regeneration plant in Ordos City has achieved a 95% recycling rate of photovoltaic wastewater through advanced treatment processes [1]. - A laboratory in Shanghai has successfully reduced water supply network leakage from 27% to 3.61% through technological breakthroughs in urban water conservation [2]. Group 2: Institutional Support - The establishment of water-saving regulations in cities like Jinan has provided a framework for sustainable groundwater management and conservation efforts [3]. - Various regions are enhancing their water-saving institutional frameworks, including the implementation of a comprehensive policy system for urban water conservation [4]. Group 3: Market Mechanisms - The signing of a water rights trading agreement in Yunnan, involving a transaction of 25 million cubic meters, illustrates the growing trend of water rights trading as a means to optimize water resource allocation [5]. - In 2024, the national water rights trading volume reached 1.37 billion cubic meters, marking a 154.7% increase year-on-year, showcasing the effectiveness of market-driven water conservation strategies [6]. Group 4: Future Goals - The Ministry of Water Resources aims to exceed 23 billion cubic meters of unconventional water utilization by 2025, indicating a strong commitment to enhancing water resource management [2]. - By 2035, China plans to establish a water-saving institutional policy system that aligns with the goals of achieving socialist modernization [4].