Core Insights - Shandong has adopted a systematic approach to address river and lake governance challenges, focusing on "pollution co-governance, resource sharing, and ecological prosperity" [1] Group 1: Water Quality Improvement - The Yihe River has transformed from a heavily polluted waterway to a source of pride for local residents, now referred to as the "most beautiful hometown river" [3] - Since 2006, significant efforts have been made to control pollution sources, including shutting down over 290 outdated enterprises and more than 140 coal-fired boilers, leading to a shift towards "ecological industry + green manufacturing + industrial clusters" [2][3] Group 2: Water Resource Management - Despite having seven major rivers, Feicheng faces a water scarcity issue, with per capita water resources at only 271 cubic meters, which is 12.9% of the national average [6] - The city has implemented a water resource allocation system that integrates "saving, diverting, storing, and using," promoting a circular model of "wastewater - reclaimed water - industrial water" across 12 cities in the province, achieving an annual reclaimed water utilization of over 1 billion cubic meters [7] Group 3: Economic Development through Ecological Initiatives - The integration of river and lake governance with industrial development has led to a transformation where good water quality enhances economic value, exemplified by the production of high-value crops like rich-zinc apples and cherries, generating annual outputs of 30 billion and 1.39 billion respectively [9] - The Bai Lu Bay cultural tourism development in Rizhao has attracted nearly 600,000 visitors in 2024, generating revenue of 26.36 million, showcasing the potential of eco-tourism [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The transformation of the Qingshui River in Litong District, Ningxia, from a polluted waterway to a clean ecological area exemplifies the successful implementation of ecological civilization and river governance initiatives [1][3][4] Group 1: Environmental Restoration Efforts - Since 2017, Litong District has initiated a comprehensive governance project for the Qingshui River, targeting pollution sources decisively [3] - The project involved the removal of 72 households and 61,000 square meters of illegal structures, the closure of 29 farms, and the clearance of 32,000 tons of waste [3] - A total of 25.8 kilometers of riverbed was dredged, and 32.7 kilometers of riverbank was reinforced, with a total afforestation area of 935 acres [3] Group 2: Pollution Control Measures - A joint enforcement mechanism involving river chiefs, prosecutors, and police was established to address industrial wastewater, agricultural runoff, and river discharge outlets [3] - Seven pollution outlets were blocked, and upgrades were made to a domestic sewage treatment plant and an industrial park sewage treatment plant, achieving Grade A discharge standards [3][4] - An artificial wetland was constructed at the river's mouth to enhance water purification through a combination of traditional wetland methods and advanced treatment systems [3] Group 3: Water Quality Improvement - Monitoring data indicates that from 2018 to 2021, the Qingshui River maintained a surface water quality of Grade IV or above, with further improvement to Grade III in 2022, eliminating black and odorous water issues [4] - The river has transformed into a scenic area with clear water and green banks, contributing to local real estate and recreational developments, thus becoming a "happy river" for residents [4] Group 4: Community Engagement and Future Plans - The governance model includes 23 river chiefs and 32 cleaners, integrating river management with employment support by hiring 343 safety patrol workers, prioritizing low-income individuals [4] - Future plans aim to transition river governance from engineering-focused to systematic and refined approaches, enhancing community satisfaction and safety [4]

Core Insights - The province has achieved significant improvements in water ecological environment, with surface water quality reaching 90.0%, an increase of 4.7 percentage points year-on-year, and the national important water function area quality compliance rate at 90.3%, up by 6.5 percentage points [1] - The province emphasizes the implementation of the river and lake chief system to address key issues and improve water quality, with over 1.8 million river chiefs conducting 680,000 inspections and resolving over 44,000 water-related issues last year [1] Group 1 - The province's river and lake health evaluation shows that 84.4% of rivers and lakes are in a healthy state [1] - The province's river system faces challenges such as complex historical issues, extreme weather events, and inadequate pollution control, which affect water environment stability and ecological safety [1] Group 2 - The provincial river chief office has outlined key tasks for this year, focusing on clearing obstacles to flood discharge, ensuring water safety, and addressing pollution sources [2] - The province plans to integrate the protection and management of mountains, waters, forests, fields, lakes, grasslands, and sands, and will promote comprehensive management of 600,000 acres of small watersheds [2]

党的二十届三中全会提出"推动重要流域构建上下游贯通一体的生态环境治理体系"。作为河湖治理的重 要制度创新，河长制自2016年全面推行以来成效显著。当前，河长制已进入深化发展阶段，需要从突击 整治转向长效治理，从关注工程建设转向更加注重精细管理。在这一过程中，充分发挥民间河长的补充 作用具有重要意义。笔者结合各地实践经验，就如何完善民间河长机制提出建议。 四是完善制度保障。民间河长多为兼职，有可能缺乏必备的业务素质及持久的投入动力，参与巡河或其 他治水公益活动的时间及频次也难以保障。为确保民间河长持续有效参与，需要建立完善的制度体系。 要制定民间河长管理办法，规范准入、培训和考核机制，引导其认真履职，提升专业性，增强责任感； 建立行政河长与民间河长的定期沟通机制，交流心得体会，分享经验教训；完善问题处理反馈机制，提 升民间河长的参与效能；建立健全激励表彰机制，通过物质奖励和精神鼓励相结合的方式，增强民间河 长的获得感和荣誉感。通过一系列制度安排，为民间河长参与治水提供有力保障。 作者单位：中国矿业大学 一是健全组织体系。随着生态文明建设深入推进，公众参与生态环境保护的意愿日益增强。水环境质量 与民生息息相关，更 ...