Core Insights - Used vehicle prices are projected to rise by 2% by the end of 2025, according to Cox Automotive's Manheim Used Vehicle Value Index [1] - This year's increase follows a trend of minimal increases of 0.4% in the past two years, after significant declines of 7% and nearly 15% in 2023 and 2022, respectively [2] - Despite the expected increase, used vehicle prices remain higher than pre-pandemic levels, with retail prices not decreasing as quickly as wholesale prices [3] Pricing Trends - The average annual increase in the index is approximately 2%, based on data from 1998, excluding the outlier years of 2021 and 2022 [3] - Monthly fluctuations in pricing are anticipated, with a typical month-to-month change of only 0.2% [4] Market Outlook - Positive indicators for the auto market include the lowest auto loan rates in a year and anticipated increases in consumer tax refunds, which may boost demand [5] - Used vehicle sales are expected to decline by 0.9% year-over-year to 38.3 million in 2026, including a 0.7% decrease in retail sales [5]

Core Insights - Total new-vehicle sales in 2025 rose by 2.4% to 16.2 million vehicles, marking the highest level since 2019 and just above 1986 levels, indicating four decades of stagnation and partial recoveries [1] - The automotive market has seen significant fluctuations, with some manufacturers experiencing steep declines while others have managed to increase sales [1][4] Sales Performance by Automakers - **General Motors (GM)**: Q4 sales fell by 6.9% year-over-year to 703,001 units, but full-year sales rose by 5.5% to 2.85 million vehicles, still down 7.5% from the 2015 peak [14] - **Toyota**: Combined sales for Toyota and Lexus jumped by 8.0% in 2025 to 2.52 million vehicles, slightly surpassing the 2015 peak [16] - **Ford**: Sales rose by 6.0% to 2.20 million vehicles for the year, but this was still down 15% from the 2015 peak [19] - **Hyundai-Kia**: Combined sales increased by 7.4% to a record 1.63 million vehicles, up 26% from the 2015 high [21] - **Honda**: Full-year sales inched up by 0.5% to 1.43 million vehicles, but still down 13% from the 2017 peak [25] - **Stellantis**: Sales dropped by 3% to 1.26 million vehicles, a 44% decline from the 2015 peak [28] - **Nissan**: Sales were roughly flat at 926,153 vehicles, down 42% from the 2017 peak [31] Pricing Trends - The average retail transaction price peaked at $47,329 at the end of 2022 and was $47,104 at the end of 2025, reflecting a 1.5% increase year-over-year but a 0.5% decrease from three years ago [8] - Automakers have raised prices across the board, with a 36% increase in average retail transaction prices from 2020 to 2022, leading to consumer pushback [6][7] Market Dynamics - The automotive industry has been characterized by a shift towards upscale models, with manufacturers focusing on larger and more expensive vehicles to boost revenues amid stagnating unit sales [7] - The market has seen a significant impact from federal incentives and tariffs, with Q3 sales surging due to frontrunning these changes, followed by a Q4 decline of 4.2% year-over-year [4]

Core Insights - ECD Automotive Design announces Project Wrangler, a bespoke Defender 110 Soft Top that emphasizes mechanical engagement, open-air freedom, and craftsmanship [2][4] - The vehicle combines classic Defender aesthetics with modern performance features, focusing on an engaging driving experience [2][7] Vehicle Specifications - Project Wrangler is powered by a 6.2L LT1 V8 engine paired with a Magnum T56 six-speed manual transmission, enhancing driver involvement [3][8] - The vehicle features Brembo brakes, ECD Air Ride suspension, and a Borla stainless Sport Dual Plus exhaust system [3][8] Design and Features - Finished in Arles Blue with Narvik Black accents, Project Wrangler includes 18-inch Kahn 1983 wheels, BFG All-Terrain tires, and classic Defender bumpers [4][8] - The interior is modernized with a new A/C system, Recaro Orthoped seating wrapped in Spinneybeck leather, and a fully transformed dashboard with wireless Apple CarPlay and JL Audio sound system [5][6][8] Company Background - ECD Automotive Design, trading under ECDA on Nasdaq, specializes in restoring luxury vehicles, blending classic beauty with modern performance [9] - Founded in 2013, the company operates from a 100,000-square-foot facility in Kissimmee, Florida, employing 95 skilled craftsmen [9]

Group 1: Ford's Financial Adjustments - Ford is taking a $19.5 billion charge to write down its electric vehicle (EV) investments, which is larger than expected [1] - Of this charge, $8 billion is specifically related to EVs, and this move was anticipated by most investors [2] - The decision follows the expiration of the federal EV tax credit at the end of September, making such write-downs inevitable [2] Group 2: Market Position and Strategy - Ford's current vehicle lineup is primarily trucks and SUVs, with the exception of the Ford Mustang, positioning the company favorably in the market [3] - The company benefits from lower oil and gas prices and declining interest rates, which enhances its competitive edge [4] - Ford has adopted a balanced approach between EVs, hybrids, and internal combustion engine vehicles, unlike General Motors, which took a more aggressive stance on EVs [4] Group 3: Investment Outlook - Despite recent stock rallies, the risk-reward balance for Ford is considered neutral, with a 12-month price target set at $15, indicating potential upside [5] - Ford's dividend yield is attractive, but there are other companies, such as General Motors, that are viewed more favorably in terms of risk-reward [6] Group 4: Tesla's Market Developments - Tesla shares reached a record high following the announcement of a robo taxi test in Austin without a safety monitor, which is seen as a significant step towards fully autonomous vehicles [7][15] - Analysts expect a major year for Tesla in 2026 as the company accelerates its robo taxi launch and begins volume production of the Cyber Cab [17] - The stock's recent performance is attributed to sentiment rather than fundamentals, with a notable disconnect between Tesla's stock price and its earnings, which were down 31% year-over-year [12][14] Group 5: Future Prospects and Challenges - Tesla's full self-driving technology still faces significant liability concerns, and there are doubts about the speed of its market expansion [8] - The upcoming fourth-quarter sales report is expected to reveal a drop in domestic sales due to the absence of EV tax credits, which could impact investor sentiment [11] - Despite the stock's volatility, investors are focusing on Tesla's long-term potential in AI, robotics, and energy storage, which may justify current valuations [13]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - ECD Automotive Design reported third-quarter revenue of $5.8 million, a decrease of $1.2 million compared to Q2 2025 and a decrease of $0.6 million year-on-year [24] - Gross profit for the quarter was negative $1.7 million, down $3.1 million from Q2 2025 and down $3.7 million from Q3 2024, primarily due to the completion of older builds [24] - Total operating expenses were $3.4 million, a decrease of $0.6 million from the prior quarter but an increase of $0.8 million from Q3 2024 [26] - Loss from operations was $5.1 million, an increase of $2.5 million from the prior quarter and $4.5 million from the prior year period [27] - Net income was $2.2 million compared to a net loss of $4.3 million in the prior quarter and a net loss of $2.6 million in Q3 2024, attributed to non-cash fair value gains from debt conversion [27] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - The company focused on clearing production of older vehicles, which impacted gross margin, but is now shifting to new client builds with healthier economics [10] - The average selling prices of completed vehicles range between $300,000 and $400,000, with almost 700 vehicles completed to date [9] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - ECD operates in a $90 billion-plus global classic car ecosystem, with a capital-light model and scalable manufacturing [7] - The company is expanding into high-demand segments, including Porsche 911 restorations, which are expected to elevate average selling prices and drive efficiencies [14] Company Strategy and Development Direction - ECD is diversifying its product offerings and has recently entered the Porsche market with a bespoke Porsche 911 restoration program [13] - The collaboration with Chelsea Truck Company aims to create modern luxury builds, expanding the total addressable market and leveraging existing factory capacity [18] - The company is also opening a second channel through partnerships with dealerships to offer ECD upgrade packages on new vehicle purchases [21] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged elevated costs from tariffs and shipping, but is implementing measures to optimize sourcing and reshape vendor strategies [10] - The company remains confident in achieving NASDAQ compliance by early 2026 and is focused on executing its growth strategy to deliver long-term value to shareholders [23][30] Other Important Information - ECD received an extension until January 26 to resolve bid price and shareholder equity deficits [23] - The company has initiated sales of common stock under an equity purchase facility agreement, providing capacity for up to $300 million in common stock sales [29] Q&A Session Summary Question: What is the company's strategy for compliance with NASDAQ? - The company is diligently working to resolve bid price and shareholder equity deficits and remains confident in achieving compliance early in 2026 [23] Question: How is the company addressing elevated costs? - Management is evaluating opportunities to reduce shipping and tariff expenses while optimizing sourcing and vendor strategies [10] Question: What are the expectations for the Porsche 911 program? - The company expects to deliver additional Porsche 911 commissions next calendar year and believes this segment could become a meaningful contributor to its offerings [16]

Core Insights - ECD Automotive Design, Inc. has achieved recognition for its Project Gravette Porsche 993, winning Best in Show – European Modified Division at the 2025 Festivals of Speed [2][4] - This marks ECD's first Porsche 911 build, showcasing the company's craftsmanship and design capabilities [3][5] - The company continues to expand its portfolio by adding Porsche 911s to its lineup of custom luxury vehicles [4][6] Company Overview - ECD Automotive Design specializes in restoring luxury vehicles, combining classic aesthetics with modern performance [7] - The company was founded in 2013 and operates from a 100,000-square-foot facility in Kissimmee, Florida, employing 105 skilled craftsmen [7] - Each vehicle is custom-built, requiring approximately 2,200 hours of labor, and is designed through a collaborative process with clients [7] Recent Achievements - Project Gravette joins other award-winning builds from ECD in 2025, including The Wellesley Commission Jaguar E-Type and Project Ghost Mustang, both recognized for their design and engineering excellence [5] - The recognition at the Festivals of Speed validates ECD's approach of blending heritage design with modern luxury [4][5]

Core Points - Ford is recalling nearly 625,000 vehicles in the US due to safety issues related to seat belts and rearview camera displays, which could increase the risk of crashes or injuries [1][10] Group 1: Seat Belt Recall - The recall includes 332,778 units of 2015-2017 Ford Mustang vehicles due to faulty seat belt anchor cables that may corrode and break over time [1][2] - The corrosion is attributed to water and salt from the road, which can affect the front seat belt pretensioner cables [1][8] - Owners are advised to take their vehicles to dealerships for inspection and potential replacement of the front seat belt cables at no cost [2][8] Group 2: Rearview Camera Recall - A separate recall involves 291,901 units of 2020-2022 F-250 SD, F-350 SD, and F-450 SD vehicles due to a faulty rearview camera image that may not display correctly in certain lighting conditions [4][5] - This camera issue could hinder the driver's ability to see behind the vehicle, increasing the risk of a crash [5][10] Group 3: Overall Recall Context - Ford has issued more safety recalls in the first half of 2025 than any other car company has in an entire year, with 88 recalls reported by June and approximately 120 recalls so far this year [11] - The company has consistently reported the highest or second-highest number of recalls in the industry since 2020 [11]

Core Viewpoint - Ford Motor Co. has announced a recall of over 680,000 vehicles in the U.S. due to various safety issues, continuing a trend of multiple recalls in 2025 [1] Group 1: Recall Details - The recall includes over 291,901 units of 2020-2022 F-250 SD, F-350 SD, and F-450 SD models due to a malfunction in the 360-degree view camera systems, which may not display a rearview image properly in certain lighting conditions [2] - A separate recall involves 59,006 units of 2016-2019 Lincoln MKC, 2016-2023 Explorer SUVs, and other models due to potential engine fire risks stemming from a cracked heater block that could lead to coolant leaks and short circuits [4] - Additionally, over 332,778 units of the Ford Mustang (2015-2017) were recalled for a seatbelt anchor pretensioner cable issue that can corrode and break, and over 197,432 Mustang Mach E vehicles were recalled due to rear door issues that could trap occupants [5] Group 2: Operational Challenges - The recalls occur amid a technician shortage at Ford, with 6,000 empty bays across U.S. dealerships and an average customer repair wait time of two weeks, indicating operational impacts [6] Group 3: Company Performance Insights - Ford is noted to offer satisfactory momentum, growth, and quality, while also scoring well on the value metric, with a favorable price trend in the medium and long term [7]

As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on October 15, 2025 Registration No. 333-288692 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 AMENDMENT NO. 5 TO FORM S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ECD Automotive Design, Inc. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) Delaware 3711 86-2559175 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) (I.R.S. Employer Ident ...

As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on September 29, 2025 Registration No. 333-288692 UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 AMENDMENT NO. 4 TO FORM S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ECD Automotive Design, Inc. (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter) (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) Delaware 3711 86-2559175 (Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) (I.R.S. Employer Ide ...