Z Highlights 本文内容为 2025 年 11 月 13 日 a16z 的文章。文章通过对 AI 搜索领域多家初创公司、技术架构和用例的深度分析，系统梳理了 AI 搜索从传统搜索引擎向 原生 AI 搜索转型的商业全景。 早在 1996 年， Wired 杂志就曾刊文探讨互联网早期不同搜索服务商之间的竞争。那个时代（谷歌和 PageRank 算法问世之前）最值得关注的现象是：所有 初创公司都在以截然不同的方式探索互联网搜索。雅虎采用目录式方法，需要人工耗时耗力对网站进行分类。早已被遗忘的搜索后端 Inktomi 则使用初级爬 虫，并基于内部文本相关性算法对结果进行索引。 Excite 则是面向用户的搜索门户，它构建了网络的倒排索引，并通过语言分析将特征相近的网站聚类 （这种聚类基于语言特征判断）。那是个更简单的时代：某种程度上， 90 年代从事搜索技术的工作更像图书馆员而非研究工程师。 然而所有这些初创企业都被 1998 年成立的谷歌甩在身后。谷歌的 PageRank 算法通过反向链接数量评估网站权威性，迅速成为人类浏览互联网的最佳方 式，也成为品牌、出版商和 SEO 大师在网络上推广自我的利器。直至 ...

Core Concept - The article discusses the evolution and impact of algorithms in various fields, highlighting their increasing complexity and the balance between transparency and power [1][3]. Group 1: Social Media Algorithms - Facebook's algorithm influences the content seen by its 2.8 billion monthly users, utilizing a complex system that evaluates around 100,000 factors to rank posts [5]. - The lack of transparency in Facebook's algorithm has raised concerns about its prioritization of sensational content over socially beneficial information [5]. Group 2: Weather Forecasting Algorithms - The UK's weather forecasting relies on the Unified Model algorithm, which processes data from meteorological stations and satellites, achieving a 92% accuracy rate for temperature predictions within 2°C [6]. Group 3: Image Compression Algorithms - The JPEG compression algorithm allows for efficient image sharing online by reducing data size while maintaining quality, based on human visual perception [7][9]. Group 4: Search Engine Algorithms - Google's PageRank algorithm revolutionized search by ranking web pages based on the quantity and quality of links, though it has evolved into a more complex system analyzing hundreds of factors [10][12]. Group 5: Financial Algorithms - Algorithms dominate financial trading, with high-frequency trading leveraging microsecond differences across global exchanges to execute numerous trades for small profits [13][15]. - More complex algorithms are now incorporating AI and machine learning, analyzing a wider range of variables beyond traditional market data [15]. Group 6: Encryption Algorithms - The RSA algorithm enables secure communication by using a pair of keys for encryption and decryption, relying on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers [16][17]. Group 7: Healthcare Algorithms - Algorithms are increasingly used in healthcare for triaging patients and diagnosing conditions, with some systems outperforming human doctors in interpreting medical images [18]. Group 8: Internet Protocol Algorithms - The Internet Protocol Suite governs data exchange over the internet, ensuring reliable communication even when certain routes are disrupted [19][21]. Group 9: Scientific Research Algorithms - The Monte Carlo algorithm, developed during WWII, simulates complex physical phenomena to predict outcomes, showcasing the power of computational methods in scientific research [22].