整理 | GLP1减重宝典内容团队 ▍GLP-1减肥神药，拟被纳入美国医保 8月1日，据外媒报道，特朗普政府正筹备一项试点计划，允许联邦医保（Medicare）和低收入人群医疗补助（Medicaid）覆盖减重药物费用， 目标是通过扩大对GLP-1类药物的可及性，缓解美国日益严重的肥胖问题。 这一举措基于拜登政府在2024年卸任前提出的初步方案。根据《华盛顿邮报》获得的美国医保与医疗补助服务中心（CMS）文件，该试点项目 将允许各州Medicaid和Medicare 的GLP-1药物提供"体重管理"用途的报销支持。 GLP-1类药物最初用于治疗2型糖尿病，因其能够通过抑制食欲、减缓胃排空等机制显著降低体重，近年来被广泛用于肥胖干预。但其高昂费用 （年均约5,000至7,000美元）引发了有关财政可持续性的担忧。 该举措也可能引发政府内部意见分歧。CMS负责人、曾公开支持GLP-1类药物的Mehmet Oz，与对其成本和依赖性提出批评的卫生部长小罗伯 特·F·肯尼迪立场并不一致，后者强调药物不能取代健康的生活方式。 目前， 包括司美格鲁肽（Ozempic、Wegovy）与替尔泊肽（Mounjaro、Zepboun ...

Core Insights - The total revenue of the 2025 Fortune Global 500 companies reached approximately $41.7 trillion, accounting for over one-third of the global GDP, with a year-on-year growth of about 1.8% [1] - The net profit of these companies increased by approximately 0.4% year-on-year, totaling around $2.98 trillion, marking the highest asset and net asset totals since the inception of the Fortune Global 500 list [1] Group 1: Top Companies - Walmart has maintained its position as the largest company globally for the twelfth consecutive year, followed by Amazon, State Grid Corporation of China, Saudi Aramco, and China National Petroleum [3] - Walmart's first-quarter revenue for the period ending April 30, 2025, was $165.6 billion, a 2.5% increase from $161.5 billion in the same period last year, with a net sales figure of $164 billion [4] Group 2: Energy Sector - State Grid Corporation of China ranked third in the Fortune Global 500 for the second consecutive year, recognized for its leading technology in ultra-high voltage transmission and smart grid systems [6] - China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation ranked sixth, while Shandong Gold Group was the only new Chinese company to make the list, ranking 465th, benefiting from a significant increase in gold prices [6] Group 3: Pharmaceutical Companies - Among the 50 most profitable companies, three are pharmaceutical firms: Merck, Novo Nordisk, and Johnson & Johnson, with Merck's profit increasing significantly by 45.9 times due to the sales of its PD-1 product, Keytruda [8][9] - Novo Nordisk's profit grew by 20.6%, driven by the sales of its GLP-1 receptor agonist products, which reached $29.3 billion in 2024, a 38% increase [9][10] - The total number of pharmaceutical companies in the 2025 list increased to 15, with Amgen being the new entrant, while Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group was the only Chinese pharmaceutical company included [11]

Group 1: Global Rankings and Financial Performance - The total revenue of the world's top 500 companies reached approximately $41.7 trillion, accounting for over one-third of global GDP, with a year-on-year growth of about 1.8% [1] - The net profit of all listed companies increased by approximately 0.4% to around $2.98 trillion, with both total assets and net assets reaching the highest levels since the inception of the Fortune Global 500 list [1] Group 2: Leading Companies - Walmart has maintained its position as the largest company globally for the twelfth consecutive year, followed by Amazon, State Grid Corporation of China, Saudi Aramco, and China National Petroleum [3][4] - Walmart's first-quarter revenue for the fiscal year ending April 30, 2025, was $165.6 billion, a 2.5% increase from the previous year, with net sales of $164 billion and a quarterly operating profit of $7.135 billion, up 4.3% year-on-year [4] Group 3: Energy Sector Highlights - State Grid Corporation of China ranked third in the Fortune Global 500 for the second consecutive year, recognized for its leading technology in ultra-high voltage transmission and smart grid systems [5] - China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation ranked sixth, while Shandong Gold Group was the only new Chinese company to make the list, ranking 465th, benefiting from its gold resource reserves and cost control capabilities [6] Group 4: Pharmaceutical Industry Insights - Among the 50 most profitable companies, three are pharmaceutical firms: Merck, Novo Nordisk, and Johnson & Johnson, with significant changes in the list compared to the previous year [7] - Merck's profit for 2024 was $17.117 billion, driven by the sales of its PD-1 product Keytruda, which achieved $29.482 billion in sales, accounting for 46% of the company's total revenue [8] - Novo Nordisk's profit reached $14.644 billion, with a 38% increase in sales of its GLP-1 receptor agonist products, totaling $29.3 billion [8] Group 5: Chinese Pharmaceutical Company Performance - Guangzhou Pharmaceutical Group is the only Chinese company in the pharmaceutical sector to enter the Fortune Global 500, achieving $35.164 billion in revenue for 2024, a 3.2% decline, with profits of $317 million, down 2.3% [10]