Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the childcare industry in Mexico Core Insights - The report utilizes the care diamond framework to analyze the distribution of paid and unpaid childcare work in Mexico, highlighting the weak public provision of childcare and its impact on gender inequality and socioeconomic disparities [16][22][23] Summary by Sections Abstract - The report analyzes childcare distribution in Mexico through the care diamond framework, identifying four provider categories: family, state, market, and non-profit sector. It emphasizes the inadequate public childcare provision and its contribution to inequality among women and families of different socioeconomic backgrounds [16] Introduction - The report discusses the persistent gender inequalities in domestic and care work in Mexico, which hinder women's economic inclusion and exacerbate existing disparities [17][18] I. The Diamond Conceptual Framework - The care diamond framework is introduced as a tool to analyze care work distribution, emphasizing the need to recognize unpaid care as work and its socio-economic contributions [25][28] II. The Mexican Case: Analysis of Childcare Distribution - The report examines the family/household dimension, noting that women's care responsibilities significantly impact their labor market participation and economic autonomy [42][43] - It highlights the public dimension of childcare, detailing the historical context and current challenges of public childcare supply in Mexico, which is characterized by insufficient coverage and institutional capacity [68][69] III. Discussion - The report concludes by reiterating the importance of the care diamond framework in understanding the complexities of childcare provision in Mexico and its implications for gender equality and social policy [32][67]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - Global economic growth is projected to remain steady at around 3.2% for 2024 and 2025, primarily driven by emerging economies [36][39] - The region's economic growth is estimated at 2.2% for 2024 and 2.4% for 2025, indicating a low-growth trajectory [34][36] - The region is experiencing a "trap of low capacity for growth," with average annual growth from 2015 to 2024 at only 1% [30][35] - Inflation rates are converging towards target ranges, albeit slowly, with falling inflation prompting looser monetary policies in the region [26][33] Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Global economic growth is expected to hold steady, driven by emerging economies [26] - The region's debt issuance on international markets is increasing, but net resource transfers abroad are also rising [26] - Economic activity remains low, increasingly reliant on private consumption [26] - Labour markets show modest improvements despite low job creation [26] - Fiscal space in Latin America and the Caribbean remains limited [26] - Inflation is converging towards target ranges, albeit at a slower pace [26] Global Context - The global economy is projected to grow at 3.2% in 2024, with the United States contributing significantly [36][39] - Major central banks have expanded liquidity, ending the tight monetary cycle [40][41] - Increased global liquidity has led to higher capital flows, primarily towards developed economies [46] Economic Activity - The region's GDP growth is projected at 2.2% for 2024, reflecting weak domestic demand and a smaller external contribution [51] - Economic growth in South America is accelerating, while Mexico and Central America are experiencing slower growth [52] External Sector - The region's current account deficit is expected to widen, driven by higher interest payments abroad [47] - Foreign direct investment inflows have increased significantly, accounting for 3.2% of GDP [49] - Debt issuance in international markets has risen by 35% year-on-year to US$ 98.9 billion [50] Prices - Inflation in the region is generally declining, with core and food inflation converging to central bank targets [20] Employment and Wages - Employment in Latin America grew by 1.7% in 2024, but growth in the number of employed people is slowing [85] - Real wages rose in the first half of 2024, although gender gaps in participation and unemployment persist [93][94] Macroeconomic Policies - Fiscal balances are stabilizing but remain in substantial deficit, with high public debt levels [112][113] - Monetary policy rates have been cut across the region, although some countries maintain a restrictive stance [118]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report analyzes the state of international maritime trade and port activity for 2023-2024, highlighting recovery trends, structural challenges, and new disruptions impacting the sector [4][10] - International shipping, which transports around 80% of global trade by volume and 70% by value, continues to face major disruptions despite some recovery signs [11][12] - The Global Supply Chain Pressure Index indicates persistent supply chain pressures, with significant fluctuations in maritime freight rates and reliability of transport services [10][19] Analysis of Main Variables in International Shipping - The shipping industry is influenced by various global phenomena, including financial crises, health crises, technological issues, geopolitical conflicts, and extreme natural events [13][14] - Geopolitical tensions and climate-related events, such as droughts affecting the Panama Canal, have led to disruptions in major shipping lanes [14][15] - The reliability of container shipping services has fluctuated, with significant delays and port congestion impacting international trade [21][22] Performance of Containerized Maritime Trade - Global containerized maritime trade has fluctuated considerably from 2020 to 2024 due to the pandemic and geopolitical tensions [50] - By the end of 2023, regions like Asia and North America surpassed pre-pandemic trade levels, while Latin America and the Caribbean lagged behind [48] - Imports in Latin America have shown stronger recovery compared to exports, with some areas exceeding pre-pandemic levels [61] Ranking of Ports in Latin America and the Caribbean - The report provides insights into port performance, indicating that many ports have surpassed pre-pandemic activity levels, while others continue to struggle [11] - The East Coast of South America has shown notable growth in throughput, while the West Coast has experienced volatility and slower recovery [76][81] - Panama-Caribbean ports have consistently outperformed Panama-Pacific ports in terms of throughput [87][88] Final Considerations - The report concludes that the international maritime trade outlook remains uncertain due to ongoing logistical challenges and geopolitical conflicts [55] - The analysis emphasizes the need for stakeholders in the sector to adapt to the evolving global environment and enhance their capacity to respond to challenges [4][12]

Distr. LIMITED LC/MDCRP.30/7 7 May 2025 ENGLISH ORIGINAL: SPANISH 2500196[E] REPORT OF THIRTIETH MEETING OF THE PRESIDING OFFICERS OF THE REGIONAL COUNCIL FOR PLANNING OF THE LATIN AMERICAN AND CARIBBEAN INSTITUTE FOR ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL PLANNING (ILPES) Santiago, 27 and 28 November 2024 | A. | ATTENDANCE AND ORGANIZATION OF WORK | 1–2 | 3 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | Place and date of the meeting | 1 | 3 | | | Attendance | 2 | 3 | | B. | AGENDA | 3 | 3 | | C. | SUMMARY OF PROCEEDINGS | 4–76 | 4 | | Anne ...

Investment Rating - The report does not provide a specific investment rating for the industry analyzed Core Insights - The document analyzes the impact of countercyclical fiscal policies on the disposable income of women and men during the COVID-19 pandemic in Colombia, Ecuador, and the Plurinational State of Bolivia, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive policies to mitigate economic crises [15][29] - It emphasizes that the COVID-19 crisis exacerbated existing gender inequalities, particularly in labor market participation and income distribution, necessitating a focus on gender in fiscal policy design [26][27] Summary by Sections Introduction - The introduction outlines the structural gender inequalities in Latin America and the Caribbean, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive policies to address these disparities during economic crises [16][18] Section I: The Role of Personal Taxes and Transfers - This section reviews how countercyclical fiscal policies impacted income distribution during the pandemic, focusing on the effects of taxes and transfers on households [32][34] Section II: Personal Tax and Transfer Systems - The report describes the tax and transfer systems in Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia before and during the pandemic, noting similarities and differences in their structures and impacts on disposable income [37][39] Section III: Methodology - The methodology section details the use of microsimulation models to analyze the effects of fiscal policies on income distribution, allowing for a comparison of pre-existing policies and emergency measures [28][30] Section IV: Results - Results indicate that countercyclical policies had a stabilizing effect on disposable incomes, with varying impacts on men and women, highlighting the importance of gender considerations in fiscal responses [24][25] Section V: Final Remarks - The final remarks summarize the lessons learned from the analysis, advocating for the implementation of gender-sensitive fiscal policies to prevent deepening inequalities in future crises [29][29]

La trampa de alta desigualdad y baja movilidad social en América Latina y el Caribe Scaling up and improving productive development policies 113 recommendations for Latin America and the Caribbean Introduction In September 2024, the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) presented the first edition of its new flagship publication Panorama of Productive Development Policies in Latin America and the Caribbean, 2024. 1 This document fills a gap in the Commission's catalogue of publicat ...

Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the importance of inclusive social development and the need for regional cooperation to address social and economic challenges, indicating a positive outlook for investment in social development initiatives [15][16][19]. Core Insights - The report highlights the significance of the Second World Summit for Social Development in Qatar in November 2025 as a critical moment for reviewing progress and adopting decisions to reduce inequality and enhance social mobility [15]. - It underscores the necessity of strengthening social policy institutions and financing mechanisms to support comprehensive social protection systems [19][28]. - The report advocates for a holistic approach to addressing inequality, emphasizing the need for new, people-centered development strategies [23][26]. Summary by Sections Attendance and Organization of Work - The sixth meeting of the Presiding Officers was held in Bridgetown on 31 October 2024, attended by representatives from various member countries and organizations [5][7][9]. Agenda - The agenda included the adoption of the agenda, reports on progress, review of key documents, and consideration of regional messages for the upcoming summit [17]. Summary of Proceedings - Opening statements highlighted the urgency of addressing social inequality and the importance of regional cooperation for inclusive development [14][15][16]. - Discussions focused on the need for comprehensive strategies to tackle poverty, hunger, and social inclusion, with emphasis on institutional capacity building [18][19][24][25]. Agreements - The Presiding Officers agreed to prioritize inclusive social development, strengthen social policy institutions, and advance efforts to eradicate hunger and poverty [35][36]. - They emphasized the importance of multilateralism and cooperation in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals [35]. Closing Remarks - The Executive Secretary of ECLAC expressed gratitude for the support received and reaffirmed the commitment to enhancing social policymaking and institutional frameworks [33].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The Caribbean region has faced a persistent public debt issue, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, with total public debt increasing from $19 billion in 2000 to $63 billion in 2022, nearly tripling [16][18] - The average public debt to GDP ratio in the Caribbean rose from 56% in 2000 to 80% in 2020, before decreasing to 69% in 2022, indicating a significant challenge for sustainable development [19][21] - The report highlights successful debt reduction strategies in Jamaica and Saint Kitts and Nevis, contrasting with Suriname, which has seen a continuous increase in debt levels [16][26] Summary by Sections Introduction - The introduction outlines the global increase in public debt, particularly in developing countries, with Caribbean public debt rising significantly due to the pandemic [18][19] Evolution of Caribbean Public Debt - The chapter discusses the trends in public debt, noting that the Caribbean has one of the highest debt burdens globally, with a notable increase in the debt-to-GDP ratio over the past two decades [29][30] - It highlights the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused a spike in debt levels, with eight Caribbean countries exceeding a debt-to-GDP ratio of 80% during 2020 and 2021 [32][33] National Experiences in Debt Reduction - The report provides case studies of Jamaica, Saint Kitts and Nevis, and Suriname, detailing their respective debt management experiences from 2010 to 2022 [53] - Jamaica's debt-to-GDP ratio decreased from 135% in 2013 to 84% in 2022, showcasing effective fiscal discipline and debt restructuring measures [54][62] - Saint Kitts and Nevis also achieved a significant reduction in debt, while Suriname's debt increased from 28% of GDP in 2010 to 118% in 2022, highlighting the challenges faced by some nations [43][44] Debt Breakdown - The analysis of debt dynamics includes factors such as interest payments, inflation, and GDP growth, which influence the debt-to-GDP ratio in the selected countries [44][45] - The report emphasizes the importance of fiscal rules and substantial debt restructuring in achieving debt reduction [16][26]

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry. Core Insights - The dominance of the US dollar as an international payment method has significantly increased, maintaining its strong position as a store of value and reinforcing its role as a global pricing unit. This has substantial financial implications for the US and countries heavily reliant on the dollar, particularly developing nations [15][17][19]. - The analysis highlights the shift in the global financial landscape post the 2008-2009 financial crisis, where capital markets, particularly the bond market, have become the primary source of financing, surpassing the traditional banking system [37][43]. - The report emphasizes the growing external financial vulnerability of developing countries due to their reliance on dollar-denominated debt and the impact of international financial conditions on their economies [19][50]. Summary by Sections Abstract - The abstract outlines the increasing importance of the US dollar in international finance and its implications for developing countries, particularly in the context of changing international financial flows post-global financial crisis [15]. Introduction - The introduction discusses the central role of the US dollar in the international financial system established by the Bretton Woods Agreement and its continued dominance despite challenges [17]. Section I: The Advantage of the Dollar - The dollar remains the most important international reserve currency, with no evidence suggesting a challenge to its dominance in the near to medium term. Data shows that from 2001 to 2020, the dollar's international usage was nearly three times that of the euro and significantly higher than other currencies [21][24]. Section II: International Capital Markets as a Source of Funding - The report notes that from 2000 to 2023, the issuance of debt securities by the non-bank sector increased from $1.5 trillion to $12.9 trillion, highlighting the growing role of capital markets in providing global liquidity [37][39]. Section III: Consequences of Dollar Hegemony - The analysis indicates that the majority of external debt is issued in US dollars, with the share of dollar-denominated debt rising from 53.9% in 2005 to 69.7% in 2022, underscoring the financial vulnerability of developing countries [29][34]. Section IV: Analysis of External Balance Sheets of Developing Countries - The report discusses the increase in foreign currency liabilities without a corresponding rise in foreign currency assets, leading to heightened financial vulnerability for non-financial corporations in developing countries [42]. Section V: Conclusions - The conclusions summarize the findings, emphasizing the need for developing countries to manage their external financial vulnerabilities in light of their reliance on dollar-denominated debt and the implications of global financial conditions [19][50].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - Inequality, both among and within countries, is a significant barrier to transitioning to low-carbon, climate-resilient economies, particularly in regions like Latin America and the Caribbean where structural inequality is prevalent [81] - A mix of policies is required to manage climate change risk, including productive development, trade, fiscal, and social policies, aimed at enhancing socioeconomic benefits while mitigating harmful effects [82] Summary by Sections I. Distributional Impacts of Climate Change - The consequences of climate change exacerbate existing development gaps, including inequality, with developing countries facing higher exposure and vulnerability to climate impacts [20] - High-income countries have per capita emissions 1.5 times higher than upper-middle-income economies and up to 10 times higher than low-income countries, with the top 1% responsible for 15% of emissions [25][26] - Between 1970 and 2021, over 75% of climate disasters and 94% of reported deaths occurred in developing or transition economies [35] II. Distributional Implications of Low-Carbon Transition Policies - The distributional effect of carbon pricing on households depends on the policy instrument and its implementation, with evidence suggesting that carbon pricing is regressive due to higher fossil fuel spending by poorer families [51] - Transition policies will have macro-level distributional impacts, particularly for countries dependent on high-carbon industries, which may face reductions in fiscal revenues and employment levels [61][62] III. Policy Recommendations for an Inclusive, Just, and Sustainable Transition - Establishing social safety nets and investing in basic goods and services is crucial to reduce vulnerability and encourage changes in consumption patterns [68] - A coordinated set of policies is necessary to promote sectors with higher value added and employment growth while ensuring environmental sustainability [69] - The challenge lies in harmonizing policies to close external, social, and environmental gaps, with a focus on structural transformation and social justice [74]