气候变暖

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新研究发现气候变暖导致原始山地昆虫骤减
Xin Hua She· 2025-10-05 06:24
美国北卡罗来纳大学研究人员在美国科罗拉多州一处亚高山草甸上开展了为期约20年的飞行昆虫监 测,时间跨度为2004至2024年。该草甸海拔约3000米,有着38年的气象观测记录,且几乎不受人类活动 直接干扰,是典型的相对"原始"的山地生态系统。 研究人员呼吁加强对包括原始、半自然和人类改造区在内的不同地区的昆虫长期监测,以便更准确 评估气候变暖对昆虫群落的影响,并为制定有效的保护政策提供依据。 发表在美国生态学会期刊《生态学》上的一项新研究表明,即使在相对不受人类干扰的"原始"山 地,受夏季气温逐年升高的影响,昆虫数量也在迅速下降。这表明气候变暖可能成为全球昆虫危机的主 要驱动因素之一。 研究人员指出,山地聚集了大量当地特有且适应性强的昆虫群落,因而具有极高的生物多样性价 值。如果在更广阔的山地区域普遍出现昆虫数量的快速下降,所有依赖昆虫提供食物、授粉、防治害虫 和养分循环的生态系统前景将十分堪忧。 研究人员发现,这里的昆虫数量平均每年下降6.6%,20年间累计下降了72.4%。研究还发现,昆虫 数量的急剧下降与这一地区夏季气温逐年升高直接相关。 研究人员表示,此前多数关于昆虫减少的报告集中在受人类活动影响的生 ...
海洋“汞封印”松动 拖网捕捞与气候变暖正加速汞排放
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-10-04 01:08
"这些被深埋数十年至数百年的'历史遗留汞'一旦被重新激活,便可能进入人类食物链。"论文共同 通讯作者刘茂甸研究员担忧地表示,"拖网船犁过海床时,还可能会加速海床沉积物中历史遗留汞的释 放。" 作者呼吁,人类应重视海洋汞排放问题,落实《水俣公约》,进一步削减燃煤、采矿等汞排放源; 限制拖网作业,设立污染物敏感海洋保护区;携手遏制气候变暖以降低沉积物汞活化速率。 研究团队发现,底层拖网与疏浚作业通过物理搅拌作用每年扰动5000多吨沉积物中的汞,相当于年 埋藏量的4倍以上。在欧洲部分陆架,拖网与疏浚导致的每年大陆架沉积物汞被输运到外海的量甚至已 超过其埋藏量,提示这些海域或从"汞汇"转向"汞源"。这将直接威胁占全球渔业产量80%的陆架生态系 统,并通过海产品消费放大人类健康风险。 "大陆架如同海洋的肾脏,高效滤除了水体中的有毒汞,降低了汞对沿海渔业和人类健康的威 胁。"论文共同通讯作者王学军教授打了个比方,"但我们的拖网捕捞船和疏浚活动正变成摧毁肾脏功能 的'手术刀'。" 同时,气候变暖加剧了沉积物汞的溶解和释放。模型模拟显示,若全球升温1.5—5°C,沉积物汞向 水体的自然释放将在本世纪末加剧6%—21%。海洋变 ...
兰州的丹霞山绿了,多少人却高兴不起来
Hu Xiu· 2025-09-22 08:51
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unexpected increase in greenery in Lanzhou, which has led to a rise in pollen allergies due to the proliferation of mugwort, a common allergenic plant [1][4][5]. Group 1: Environmental Changes - In early August, social media users noted a surprising transformation of the landscape around Lanzhou, with previously barren hills now covered in green [1][3]. - The increase in rainfall this summer, with August recording 156.3 mm, 1.4 times the average, has contributed to the rapid growth of mugwort [11][35]. - The mugwort plants, which are known for their high pollen production, have thrived in the newly green environment, leading to significant allergy issues for residents [6][11][12]. Group 2: Allergy Impact - The pollen from mugwort can cause severe allergic reactions, with reports of increased symptoms among residents, including sneezing and nasal congestion [10][12][17]. - A specific report indicated that on August 31, the pollen concentration reached 1508 grains per 1000 mm of air, primarily from mugwort [12][18]. - The allergy season has been prolonged this year, with residents expressing concerns about the ongoing high pollen levels into September [15][16]. Group 3: Public Health Response - In response to the allergy crisis, local health authorities in Lanzhou have initiated mugwort removal activities, clearing over 20,000 square meters by September 11 [21][22]. - Other northern cities have implemented similar measures to combat pollen allergies, highlighting a growing public health concern [19][20]. - The article emphasizes the need for ongoing efforts in both removing allergenic plants and planting more trees to restore ecological balance [30][31][37].
气候变暖正悄悄增加你的“甜蜜负担”
Ke Ji Ri Bao· 2025-09-19 00:53
Core Insights - Global warming is influencing dietary habits, leading to increased sugar consumption as temperatures rise [1][2] - A study indicates that for every 1°C increase in temperature, daily added sugar intake rises by 0.70 grams per person [1] - By 2095, if global temperatures rise by approximately 5°C, Americans may consume an additional 3 grams of added sugar daily, equivalent to the sugar in half a can of soda [2] Group 1: Impact of Temperature on Sugar Consumption - Higher temperatures correlate with increased purchases of sugary beverages and frozen desserts, as they serve as affordable and accessible options for cooling down [1] - The study analyzed food purchasing records from 2004 to 2019 alongside weather data, revealing a clear pattern of rising sugar intake with increasing heat [1] Group 2: Health Implications and Recommendations - Excessive intake of added sugars is linked to chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, exacerbated by climate change [2] - The combination of high temperatures and high-sugar diets is intensifying nutritional inequality, necessitating a broader view of climate change impacts beyond environmental factors [2] - Future climate adaptation strategies should include healthier food policies, such as subsidies for healthy beverages during hot seasons and promoting low-sugar dietary options in communities [2]
气候变暖对热带森林有何影响?国际最新研究称或加快土壤呼吸
Zhong Guo Xin Wen Wang· 2025-09-17 08:53
Core Insights - The latest research published in the journal "Nature Communications" indicates that climate warming may accelerate soil respiration rates in tropical forests, leading to increased carbon loss from soil, which could impact global climate predictions [1][2] Group 1: Research Findings - A field experiment showed that soil respiration rates in warmed plots were found to be 42%-204% higher than in control plots, reaching some of the highest soil respiration rates reported in terrestrial ecosystems [2] - The additional carbon released from warmed plots was estimated to be between 6.5 to 81.7 tons per hectare annually, depending on the slope position, with the highest carbon release occurring in upper slope areas [2] - The authors suggest that these increases may be due to changes in the microbial community functions in warmed soils, affecting their ability to metabolize carbon or altering the composition of microbial communities [2] Group 2: Implications - The study's findings indicate that in a warmer world, tropical forest ecosystems may experience significant carbon loss, highlighting the importance of further research to understand the underlying mechanisms of these processes for assessing the long-term impacts of climate change [2]
气候变暖致加拿大北极海域出现入侵物种
Xin Hua She· 2025-09-15 09:03
Core Insights - An international team has reported evidence of barnacle invasion in the Arctic waters of Canada, indicating that climate change is allowing foreign species to invade previously cold regions [1] Group 1: Research Findings - Researchers from the British Antarctic Survey and Canadian counterparts published a paper in the journal "Global Change Biology," utilizing environmental DNA barcoding technology to identify genetic material from species in water samples collected from the Arctic [1] - The genetic material of the barnacle species, Amphibalanus improvisus, was found in the samples, which is commonly found in European and Pacific waters and can cause biofouling in ships, pipelines, and other infrastructure [1] Group 2: Climate Change Impact - Historically, the cold waters of the Canadian Arctic prevented the migration and establishment of invasive species [1] - Climate change is rapidly warming the Arctic waters, reducing sea ice, and facilitating new shipping routes, which increases the likelihood of species invasion from other marine areas [1] - The rising water temperatures enhance the survival and establishment potential of invasive species compared to the past [1]
气候变暖导致加拿大北极海域出现入侵物种藤壶
Xin Hua She· 2025-09-14 03:57
Core Insights - An international team has reported evidence of barnacle invasion in the Canadian Arctic, indicating that climate change is allowing foreign species to invade previously cold waters [1] Group 1: Research Findings - Researchers from the British Antarctic Survey and Canadian counterparts published a paper in "Global Change Biology" detailing the use of environmental DNA barcoding to identify species in water samples collected from the Canadian Arctic [1] - The genetic material of the barnacle species, Amphibalanus improvisus, was found in the water samples, which is commonly found in European and Pacific waters and can cause biofouling in ships and infrastructure [1] Group 2: Climate Change Impact - Historically, the cold waters of the Canadian Arctic prevented the migration and establishment of invasive species [1] - Climate change is rapidly warming the Arctic waters, reducing sea ice, and facilitating new shipping routes, which increases the likelihood of species invasion [1] - Warmer water temperatures enhance the survival and establishment of invasive species compared to the past [1]
复旦大学发表最新Science论文
生物世界· 2025-09-13 01:00
Core Viewpoint - The traditional belief that wildfires in the western United States worsen air quality across the country is challenged by new research, which indicates that these wildfires may actually lead to a decrease in PM2.5 concentrations in the eastern United States, offsetting the increases in the west [3][5]. Group 1: Research Findings - A study published in the journal Science reveals that extreme wildfires in the western U.S. lead to a rise in PM2.5 levels locally, but simultaneously cause a decrease in PM2.5 levels in the eastern U.S., effectively canceling each other out [3][5]. - The research attributes this unexpected effect to heat convection caused by wildfires, which weakens the transport of smoke to the east and enhances the wet deposition of air pollutants [5][7]. - Ignoring the heat generated by wildfires could lead to an overestimation of their health impacts, with the study estimating an additional 1,200 premature deaths and $3.3 billion in economic losses attributed to PM2.5 in the densely populated eastern U.S. [5][7]. Group 2: Implications - The findings highlight a previously overlooked connection between localized heat sources and large-scale climate effects, suggesting a need for a revised understanding of wildfire impacts [7]. - Considering the heat generated by wildfires could facilitate cross-regional cooperation in fire management and provide a more scientific basis for climate predictions [7].
财经早报:9月3日
Xin Hua Cai Jing· 2025-09-03 02:16
Group 1 - The China-Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) has officially launched three cooperation platforms focusing on energy, green industries, and digital economy to enhance collaboration and promote sustainable development among member states [2] - In August, the number of new A-share accounts reached 2.65 million, a year-on-year increase of 165%, significantly surpassing the same period last year [2] - The software and information technology service industry in China reported a revenue of 83,246 billion yuan in the first seven months of 2025, with a year-on-year growth of 12.3% [2] - The Beijing Stock Exchange reported that all 274 listed companies completed their semi-annual reports, with total operating income of 92.064 billion yuan, reflecting a year-on-year growth of 6.01% [2] - Major food delivery platforms in China, including Meituan, Alibaba, and JD, reported significant declines in net profits due to increased marketing expenses during a competitive period, with Meituan's net profit dropping nearly 90% [2] Group 2 - The Ministry of Finance and the State Taxation Administration of China issued new tax policies to support the management of state-owned equity and cash income for social security fund transfers [2] - The net inflow of southbound funds in Hong Kong reached 9.281 billion HKD, marking a record high since the launch of the mutual market access mechanism [2] - The People's Bank of China reported a net liquidity injection of 300 billion yuan through medium-term lending facilities in August [2] - The IPO application for Yuzhu Technology is expected to be submitted to the stock exchange between October and December, with quadruped and humanoid robots projected to account for 65% and 30% of sales in 2024, respectively [2]
英、日、韩经历有记录以来“最热夏天”
Xin Hua She· 2025-09-02 08:03
Group 1 - The UK, Japan, and South Korea have experienced their hottest summers on record, attributed to climate change and increasing global heatwaves [1] - The UK recorded an average temperature of 16.10°C from June 1 to August 31, surpassing the previous record of 15.76°C set in 2018 by 1.51°C [2] - Japan's average temperature for summer 2025 was 2.36°C higher than the baseline average, exceeding the previous record set in 2023 and 2024 by 0.60°C [3] - South Korea's average temperature reached 25.7°C, breaking the previous record of 25.6°C from last year, with severe drought conditions reported in some areas [4] Group 2 - The UK Meteorological Office indicated that the likelihood of experiencing summers as hot as 2025 has increased by approximately 70 times due to human-induced climate change [2] - Japan's Meteorological Agency warned that extreme heat events are likely to become more frequent due to global warming [3] - In South Korea, over 4,000 individuals sought medical attention for heat-related illnesses this summer, marking the highest number since 2018 [4]