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国家气候中心首席预报员:预计今冬偏暖,但冷暖起伏大
Qi Lu Wan Bao· 2025-10-25 03:30
近期多地气温偏低,提前过上了冬天。不少网友也有疑问:"难道今年是冷冬?"(此前报道:今 冬会更冷吗?权威回应) 每年临近冬天,大家都会有关于冷暖冬的讨论。在气象预报技术日益发达的今天,预报当年是冷冬或暖 冬似乎变得"理所当然",但事实并不那么简单。 冷冬还是暖冬,等冬季结束才知道 "根据国家标准,在全国范围内,超过一半的气象观测台站冬季平均气温满足冷冬/暖冬标准,这一年冬 季才会被判定为冷冬或是暖冬。"国家气候中心首席预报员章大全表示,在气象界冷暖冬不是一个预测 概念,而是对冬季气温状况的事后认定概念。也就是说只有等到冬季结束,才能知道答案。因此气象部 门发布的气候预测公报,通常会用较常年偏冷或偏暖来描述未来一段时间的情况。 判定冷冬的基本要素为冬季三个月的平均气温,在空间上分为单站、区域和全国三个等级。单站冷冬指 单站平均气温距平(指某一时段的平均气温与长期平均气温的差值)小于等于标准差的-0.43倍;区域 性冷冬指冷冬站数超过区域总站数的50%;而全国性冷冬则需要冷冬面积超过全国有效面积的50%。据 统计,自上世纪90年代以来,我国一共出现6个冷冬,均在2012年之前。 此外,我国冬季气候不仅与热带海温异 ...
冷冬不能被预测,预计今冬偏暖但冷暖起伏大
Xin Hua Wang· 2025-10-24 22:20
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the unpredictability of winter temperatures in China, highlighting that while this winter is expected to be warmer overall, significant fluctuations between cold and warm periods are anticipated [1][4]. Summary by Sections Winter Temperature Predictions - The classification of a winter as "cold" or "warm" is determined post-season based on average temperatures across various meteorological stations, with specific criteria for national, regional, and single-station assessments [2][3]. - The article notes that since the 1990s, China has experienced six cold winters, all occurring before 2012 [2]. Current Temperature Trends - Recent monitoring indicates that average temperatures in regions such as northern Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, North China, Northeast China, Huanghuai, and Jianghan have been 1°C to 3°C lower than the same period in previous years, with some areas experiencing drops of 4°C to 5°C [3]. Influencing Factors - The article mentions that the current state of the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean is cooler than usual, which may lead to a La Niña event, typically associated with lower temperatures in China during winter [4]. - However, the impact of global warming has led to instances of warmer winters even during La Niña years, indicating a complex interplay of factors affecting winter temperatures [4][6]. Extreme Weather Events - The article explains that despite the overall warming trend, extreme cold events can still occur due to changes in atmospheric circulation patterns, particularly the weakening of the westerly winds that usually contain polar air [5][6]. - This phenomenon suggests that global warming can coexist with severe cold spells, leading to more pronounced temperature fluctuations during winter [6].
今年北方秋天为何这么短?找到原因了!
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2025-10-24 02:31
很多人觉得今年北方的秋季很短,短短十几天,仿佛从夏天一下跳到冬天。 从气温变化来看,9月底还是全国大部明显偏暖,尤其东北更是暖到异常;但从10月8日开始,接连几波冷空气过后,中东部地区则快进成了明显偏冷的状 态。秋天真的变短了吗? 不是错觉! 秋天真的在变短 我国各地的秋天普遍不长,西南地区相对较长,大概在70至80天,除去春秋相连不列入盘点的昆明外,贵阳、成都、重庆在秋季长度上遥遥领先,最长的贵 阳达79天。而秋季最短暂的地区要数东北和华北,大多在50天上下。 通过盘点气象大数据发现,1991年至今,我国多地的秋季都在推迟,总体来说东部地区比西部地区明显。 对比1991年至2020年逐十年的平均入秋日期,郑州、宁波、深圳等地的秋季推迟幅度最大,超过10天,南京、合肥、杭州、南昌、厦门、福州、青岛、兰 州、银川、乌鲁木齐等城市的秋季也比之前晚了5天至9天。 气象分析师介绍,在全球气候变暖的大背景下,各地气温逐渐升高已经成为一个不争事实,并影响到农业生产、社会经济和人们的日常生活。 △黑龙江哈尔滨 通过近三十年的气象数据,1991年以来,我国多地秋季的变化情况与研究结果较为一致。大城市中,长沙、宁波、杭州、上海 ...
今年冬天是冷冬吗?冷暖起伏大是何原因?专家解读
Yang Shi Xin Wen· 2025-10-23 13:40
10月15日开始,今年下半年以来最强冷空气席卷我国大部分地区,大江南北都提前感受到了常年11月甚 至12月才会出现的寒凉。随之而来的,关于"今年冬天气温很低"的说法引起关注。那么,今年冬天是冷 冬吗?冷冬和暖冬的判别标准是什么?今年冬天气温状况将会如何发展? 国家气候中心首席预报员 章大全:目前国内外数值模式预测,今年冬季我国气温接近常年同期到偏暖 为主,但是气温的阶段性特征比较明显,冷暖起伏大。在全球变暖的背景下,一方面,我国冬季平均气 温增暖的趋势非常明显,另外一方面,北极地区气温上升的幅度明显高于热带和副热带地区,我国冬季 气温冷暖波动会更为剧烈,需要密切关注阶段性的强降温和强升温过程,对生产生活可能造成的不利影 响。 入冬的标准是什么? 今天迎来霜降,已是秋天的最后一个节气,对于即将到来的这个冬天,气温状况会如何发展?入冬的标 准是什么?戳视频↓↓↓听专家解读。 今冬气温冷暖起伏大是何原因? 今冬气温阶段性特征明显,冷暖起伏大。这又是什么原因造成的呢?据国家气候中心首席预报员 章大 全介绍,在全球变暖的背景下,一方面,我国冬季平均气温增暖趋势十分明显。另一方面,北极地区气 温上升的幅度明显高于热带和副 ...
今年冬天是“超级冷冬”?最新回应
Xin Lang Cai Jing· 2025-10-22 14:41
Core Viewpoint - The discussion around this winter being extremely cold has gained attention, with insights provided by Zhang Daqian, the chief forecaster at the National Climate Center [1]. Group 1: Definitions and Standards - The National Standards for "Cold Winter" (GB/T33675-2017) and "Warm Winter" (GB/T21983-2020) provide clear definitions for these terms, indicating that a winter is classified as cold or warm only if more than half of the meteorological observation stations meet the respective temperature criteria [2]. - In meteorology, the concepts of cold and warm winters are not predictive but rather retrospective classifications based on winter temperature conditions [2]. Group 2: Current Temperature Predictions - Current numerical models suggest that this winter's temperatures in China will be close to or slightly warmer than the historical average, although there will be significant fluctuations between cold and warm periods [4].